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We thus compared the diagnostic performance of macrostructural, single compartmental, and multicompartmental MRI in the differentiation of NPS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively included patients with NPS, including 136 Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), 41 multiple system atrophy (MSA) and 32 progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and 27\u00a0healthy controls (HC). Macrostructural tissue probability values (TPV) were obtained by CAT12. The microstructure was assessed using a\u00a0mesoscopic approach by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI). After an atlas-based read-out, a\u00a0linear support vector machine (SVM) was trained on a\u00a0training set (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u2009196) and validated in an independent test cohort (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u200940). The diagnostic performance of the SVM was compared for different inputs individually and in combination.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Regarding the inputs separately, we observed the best diagnostic performance for DMI. Overall, the combination of DMI and TPV performed best and correctly classified 88% of the patients. The corresponding area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.87 for HC, 0.97 for PD, 1.0 for MSA, and 0.99 for PSP.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We were able to demonstrate that (1) MRI parameters that approximate the microstructure provided substantial added value over conventional macrostructural imaging, (2) multicompartmental biophysically motivated models performed better than the single compartmental DTI and (3) combining macrostructural and microstructural information classified NPS and HC with satisfactory performance, thus suggesting a\u00a0complementary value of both approaches.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-023-01377-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T07:02:28Z","timestamp":1706598148000},"page":"411-420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Complemental Value of Microstructural and Macrostructural MRI in the Discrimination of Neurodegenerative Parkinson Syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Nils","family":"Schr\u00f6ter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp G.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas A","family":"Hosp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Reisert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Rijntjes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Kellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang H.","family":"Jost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelius","family":"Weiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Horst","family":"Urbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5881-6043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Rau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"1377_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-181474","volume":"8","author":"ER Dorsey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dorsey\u00a0ER, Sherer\u00a0T, Okun\u00a0MS, Bloem\u00a0BR. 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M.\u00a0Reisert received honoraria from AbbVie (presentations). E.\u00a0Kellner is a\u00a0shareholder of and receives fees from VEObrain GmbH, Freiburg, Germany. H.\u00a0Urbach is co-editor of Clinical Neuroradiology, member of the Advisory Board of Biogen and received honoraria for lectures from Biogen, Eisai, and mbits. A.\u00a0Rau received grants from Berta-Ottenstein-Programme for Clinician Scientists, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg. All declared interests are independent of the submitted work. P.G.\u00a0Arnold, J.A.\u00a0Hosp, M.\u00a0Rijntjes, W.H.\u00a0Jost and C.\u00a0Weiller declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}