{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T02:28:52Z","timestamp":1775096932705,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018719","name":"Koc University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018719","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Neuroradiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The central vein sign (CVS) is a\u00a0promising imaging biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis. While isotropic T2* at 3\u202fT and 7\u202fT has demonstrated high diagnostic performance, its utility at 1.5\u202fT remains unclear. This study evaluates the performance of unenhanced FLAIR-T2* fusion at 1.5\u202fT compared to 3\u202fT in MS participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective observational study included 20\u202fMS patients and 20\u00a0control subjects. Each participant underwent unenhanced isotropic Epi-T2* and isotropic FLAIR (0.8\u202fmm voxel size) at both 1.5\u202fT and 3\u202fT. Subsequently, the derived isotropic T2* and FLAIR were combined to create the final FLAIR-T2* fusion in both magnetic field strengths. Two independent raters assessed the CVS status of white matter (WM) lesions using NAIMS criteria. WM lesions were classified as CVS+ or CVS-, and two methods\u2014select-n* and CVS+ proportion\u2014were applied. Sensitivity and specificity were computed, and CVS performance was compared across WM lesion locations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among eligible WM lesions (MS: 258; controls: 255), the mean CVS+ lesion proportion per participant was 66.9\u202f\u00b1\u200915.4% for 1.5\u202fT FLAIR-T2* and 77.0\u202f\u00b1\u200913.6% for 3\u202fT FLAIR-T2* (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&lt;\u20090.01). At a\u00a040% threshold, 1.5\u202fT FLAIR-T2* achieved 90% sensitivity and 95% specificity, while 3\u202fT FLAIR-T2* achieved 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity. The Select-6* method resulted in only one MS patient being misclassified at both field strengths. 3\u202fT FLAIR-T2* detected more CVS+ lesions in deep WM (87.5% vs. 57.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>1.5\u202fT FLAIR-T2* fusion demonstrates high performance in CVS assessment, although slightly outperformed by 3\u202fT FLAIR-T2*. The select-6* method may enhance 1.5\u202fT performance, supporting its feasibility for CVS evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-025-01531-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T03:06:54Z","timestamp":1750043214000},"page":"725-733","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diagnostic Accuracy of Isotropic FLAIR-T2* Fusion Imaging for Central Vein Sign Detection in Multiple Sclerosis: a\u00a0Comparative Study at 1.5\u202fT and 3\u202fT"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yunus Emre","family":"Senturk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4913-6860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Peker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3524-9597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hande","family":"Ozen Atalay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8524-5087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayse","family":"Altintas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1123-6521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Yusuf","family":"Oner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"1531_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e200253","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000200253","volume":"11","author":"S Borrelli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Borrelli\u00a0S, Martire\u00a0MS, St\u00f6lting\u00a0A, et\u00a0al. 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Our study was approved by the non-interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Koc University under reference 2024.309.IRB2.138. Signed informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}