{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T11:41:34Z","timestamp":1771674094938,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]],"date-time":"2016-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476921600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00063-016-0226-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]],"date-time":"2016-10-20T08:40:39Z","timestamp":1476952839000},"page":"526-532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Diaphragmale Dysfunktion","Diaphragm dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"C. S.","family":"Bruells","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"107","key":"226_CR1","first-page":"962","volume":"2009","author":"MJ Tobin","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tobin MJ, Laghi F, Brochard L (1985) Role of the respiratory muscles in acute respiratory failure of COPD: lessons from weaning failure. J\u00a0Appl Physiol 2009(107):962\u2013970","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200304-489CP","volume":"169","author":"T Vassilakopoulos","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vassilakopoulos T, Petrof BJ (2004) Ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 169:336\u2013341","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01121.2012","volume":"114","author":"S Levine","year":"2013","unstructured":"Levine S, Bashir MH, Clanton TL, Powers SK, Singhal S (2013) COPD elicits remodeling of the diaphragm and vastus lateralis muscles in humans. J\u00a0Appl Physiol 114:1235\u20131245","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200702-296OC","volume":"178","author":"K Maes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maes K, Testelmans D, Cadot P, Deruisseau K, Powers SK, Decramer M et\u00a0al (2008) Effects of acute administration of corticosteroids during mechanical ventilation on rat diaphragm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 178:1219\u20131226","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.14.1690","volume":"102","author":"X Li","year":"2000","unstructured":"Li X, Moody MR, Engel D, Walker S, Clubb FJ Jr., Sivasubramanian N et al (2000) Cardiac-specific overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha causes oxidative stress and contractile dysfunction in mouse diaphragm. Circulation 102:1690\u20131696","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"226_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181b6e439","volume":"37","author":"LA Callahan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Callahan LA, Supinski GS (2009) Sepsis-induced myopathy. Crit Care Med 37:354\u2013367","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00010206","volume":"29","author":"JM Boles","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boles JM, Bion J, Connors A, Herridge M, Marsh B, Melot C et\u00a0al (2007) Weaning from mechanical ventilation. Eur Respir J 29:1033\u20131056","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"226_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199712183372503","volume":"337","author":"S Levine","year":"1997","unstructured":"Levine S, Kaiser L, Leferovich J, Tikunov B (1997) Cellular adaptations in the diaphragm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 337:1799\u20131806","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"226_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2011.06.028","volume":"179","author":"CB Mantilla","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mantilla CB, Sieck GC (2011) Phrenic motor unit recruitment during ventilatory and non-ventilatory behaviors. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 179:57\u201363","journal-title":"Respir Physiol Neurobiol"},{"key":"226_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e32834942a3","volume":"28","author":"CS Bruells","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bruells CS, Rossaint R (2011) Physiology of gas exchange during anaesthesia. Eur J Anaesthesiol 28:570\u2013579","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"226_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201209-1668OC","volume":"188","author":"A Demoule","year":"2013","unstructured":"Demoule A, Jung B, Prodanovic H, Molinari N, Chanques G, Coirault C et\u00a0al (2013) Diaphragm dysfunction on admission to the intensive care unit. Prevalence, risk factors, and prognostic impact \u2013 a prospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 188:213\u2013219","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201412-2214OC","volume":"191","author":"PE Hooijman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hooijman PE, Beishuizen A, Witt CC, de Waard MC, Girbes AR, Spoelstra-de Man AM et al (2015) Diaphragm muscle fiber weakness and ubiquitin-proteasome activation in critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 191:1126\u20131138","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L110","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00396.2010","volume":"301","author":"H Hees van","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Hees H, Ottenheijm C, Ennen L, Linkels M, Dekhuijzen R, Heunks L (2011) Proteasome inhibition improves diaphragm function in an animal model for COPD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 301:L110\u2013116","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01202.2006","volume":"102","author":"SK Powers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Powers SK, Kavazis AN, McClung JM (2007) Oxidative stress and disuse muscle atrophy. J\u00a0Appl Physiol 102:2389\u20132397","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00233.2012","author":"I Sigala","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sigala I, Zacharatos P, Boulia S, Toumpanakis D, Michailidou T, Parthenis D et\u00a0al (2012) Nitric oxide regulates cytokine induction in the diaphragm in response to inspiratory resistive breathing. J\u00a0Appl Physiol. doi: 10.1152\/japplphysiol.00233.2012","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.3.9707056","volume":"157","author":"TX Jiang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jiang TX, Reid WD, Road JD (1998) Delayed diaphragm injury and diaphragm force production. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:736\u2013742","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L1260","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00035.2008","volume":"294","author":"HW Hees van","year":"2008","unstructured":"van Hees HW, Li YP, Ottenheijm CA, Jin B, Pigmans CJ, Linkels M et\u00a0al (2008) Proteasome inhibition improves diaphragm function in congestive heart failure rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 294:L1260\u20131268","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR18","first-page":"1081","volume":"168","author":"DC Poole","year":"2001","unstructured":"Poole DC, Kindig CA, Behnke BJ (2001) Effects of emphysema on diaphragm microvascular oxygen pressure. J\u00a0Appl Physiol 168:1081\u20131086","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201206-0982OC","volume":"186","author":"M Picard","year":"2012","unstructured":"Picard M, Jung B, Liang F, Azuelos I, Hussain S, Goldberg P et\u00a0al (2012) Mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation in the human diaphragm during mechanical ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 186:1140\u20131149","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E31","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00609.2011","volume":"303","author":"SK Powers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Powers SK, Wiggs MP, Duarte JA, Zergeroglu AM, Demirel HA (2012) Mitochondrial signaling contributes to disuse muscle atrophy. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metabol 303:E31\u2013E39","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"226_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182190b62","volume":"39","author":"SK Powers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Powers SK, Hudson MB, Nelson WB, Talbert EE, Min K, Szeto HH et al (2011) Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants protect against mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragm weakness. Crit Care Med 39:1749\u20131759","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.06.025","volume":"49","author":"AJ Smuder","year":"2010","unstructured":"Smuder AJ, Kavazis AN, Hudson MB, Nelson WB, Powers SK (2010) Oxidation enhances myofibrillar protein degradation via calpain and caspase-3. Free Radic Biol Med 49:1152\u20131160","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"226_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000245","volume":"121","author":"AJ Smuder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smuder AJ, Nelson WB, Hudson MB, Kavazis AN, Powers SK (2014) Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway does not protect against ventilator-induced accelerated proteolysis or atrophy in the diaphragm. Anesthesiology 121:115\u2013126","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"226_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87460","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087460","volume":"9","author":"CS Bruells","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bruells CS, Bergs I, Rossaint R, Du J, Bleilevens C, Goetzenich A et\u00a0al (2014) Recovery of diaphragm function following mechanical ventilation in a rodent model. PLOS ONE 9:e87460","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"226_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3182608cc0","volume":"117","author":"WJ Schellekens","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schellekens WJ, van Hees HW, Vaneker M, Linkels M, Dekhuijzen PN, Scheffer GJ et al (2012) Toll-like receptor 4 signaling in ventilator-induced diaphragm atrophy. Anesthesiology 117:329\u2013338","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"226_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00881.2001","volume":"92","author":"SK Powers","year":"2002","unstructured":"Powers SK, Shanely RA, Coombes JS, Koesterer TJ, McKenzie M, Van Gammeren D et\u00a0al (2002) Mechanical ventilation results in progressive contractile dysfunction in the diaphragm. J\u00a0Appl Physiol 92:1851\u20131858","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070447","volume":"358","author":"S Levine","year":"2008","unstructured":"Levine S, Nguyen T, Taylor N, Friscia ME, Budak MT, Rothenberg P et\u00a0al (2008) Rapid disuse atrophy of diaphragm fibers in mechanically ventilated humans. N Engl J Med 358:1327\u20131335","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"226_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200609-1342OC","volume":"175","author":"K Maes","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maes K, Testelmans D, Powers S, Decramer M, Gayan-Ramirez G (2007) Leupeptin inhibits ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction in rats. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 175:1134\u20131138","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318206cca9","volume":"39","author":"A Agten","year":"2011","unstructured":"Agten A, Maes K, Smuder A, Powers SK, Decramer M, Gayan-Ramirez G (2011) N\u2011Acetylcysteine protects the rat diaphragm from the decreased contractility associated with controlled mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 39:777\u2013782","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01086.2011","volume":"112","author":"AJ Smuder","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smuder AJ, Min K, Hudson MB, Kavazis AN, Kwon OS, Nelson WB et al (2012) Endurance exercise attenuates ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. J Appl Physiol 112:501\u2013510","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10023","volume":"15","author":"S Jaber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jaber S, Jung B, Matecki S, Petrof BJ (2011) Clinical review: ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction \u2013 human studies confirm animal model findings! Crit Care 15:206","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"226_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000736","volume":"121","author":"T Breuer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Breuer T, Maes K, Rossaint R, Marx G, Scheers H, Bergs I et\u00a0al (2015) Sevoflurane exposure prevents diaphragmatic oxidative stress during mechanical ventilation but reduces force and affects protein metabolism even during spontaneous breathing in a rat model. Anesth Analg 121:73\u201380","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"226_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000125","volume":"120","author":"CS Bruells","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bruells CS, Maes K, Rossaint R, Thomas D, Cielen N, Bergs I et\u00a0al (2014) Sedation using propofol induces similar diaphragm dysfunction and atrophy during spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation in rats. Anesthesiology 120:665\u2013672","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"226_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-11-178","volume":"11","author":"K Maes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Maes K, Agten A, Smuder A, Powers SK, Decramer M, Gayan-Ramirez G (2010) Corticosteroid effects on ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction in anesthetized rats depend on the dose administered. Respir Res 11:178","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"226_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0584-4","volume":"33","author":"D Testelmans","year":"2007","unstructured":"Testelmans D, Maes K, Wouters P, Powers SK, Decramer M, Gayan-Ramirez G (2007) Infusions of rocuronium and cisatracurium exert different effects on rat diaphragm function. Intensive Care Med 33:872\u2013879","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.3209.2000625","volume":"32","author":"M Miranda","year":"2001","unstructured":"Miranda M, Arroyo HA, Ledesma D, Sasbon J, Medina C, Fejerman N (2001) Polyneuropathy in critically ill patients: a seldom recognized cause of dependence on mechanical ventilators. Rev Neurol 32:838\u2013843","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"226_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e772","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000685","volume":"42","author":"K Maes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maes K, Stamiris A, Thomas D, Cielen N, Smuder A, Powers SK et al (2014) Effects of controlled mechanical ventilation on sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction in rats. Crit Care Med 42:e772\u2013e782","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1287-5","volume":"28","author":"B Schonhofer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schonhofer B, Euteneuer S, Nava S, Suchi S, Kohler D (2002) Survival of mechanically ventilated patients admitted to a specialised weaning centre. Intensive Care Med 28:908\u2013916","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31823c8cc9","volume":"40","author":"MB Hudson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hudson MB, Smuder AJ, Nelson WB, Bruells CS, Levine S, Powers SK (2012) Both high level pressure support ventilation and controlled mechanical ventilation induce diaphragm dysfunction and atrophy. Crit Care Med 40:1254\u20131260","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R116","DOI":"10.1186\/cc7010","volume":"12","author":"E Futier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Futier E, Constantin JM, Combaret L, Mosoni L, Roszyk L, Sapin V et al (2008) Pressure support ventilation attenuates ventilator-induced protein modifications in the diaphragm. Crit Care 12:R116","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"226_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00302.2012","volume":"115","author":"D Thomas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thomas D, Maes K, Agten A, Heunks LM, Dekhuijzen R, Decramer M et\u00a0al (2013) Time course of diaphragm function recovery after controlled mechanical ventilation in rats. J\u00a0Appl Physiol 115:775\u2013784","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.159","volume":"309","author":"A Jubran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jubran A, Grant BJ, Duffner LA, Collins EG, Lanuza DM, Hoffman LA et\u00a0al (2013) Effect of pressure support vs unassisted breathing through a tracheostomy collar on weaning duration in patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation: a randomized trial. JAMA 309:671\u2013677","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"226_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9296","volume":"14","author":"LM Heunks","year":"2010","unstructured":"Heunks LM, van der Hoeven JG (2010) Clinical review: the ABC of weaning failure \u2013 a structured approach. Crit Care 14:245","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"226_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111065","volume":"72","author":"N Viires","year":"1983","unstructured":"Viires N, Sillye G, Aubier M, Rassidakis A, Roussos C (1983) Regional blood flow distribution in dog during induced hypotension and low cardiac output. Spontaneous breathing versus artificial ventilation. J\u00a0Clin Invest 72:935\u2013947","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"226_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2858","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31825b933a","volume":"40","author":"RT Davis 3rd","year":"2012","unstructured":"Davis RT 3rd, Bruells CS, Stabley JN, McCullough DJ, Powers SK, Behnke BJ (2012) Mechanical ventilation reduces rat diaphragm blood flow and impairs oxygen delivery and uptake. Crit Care Med 40:2858\u20132866","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR46","volume-title":"Influence of weaning methods on the diaphragm after mechanical ventilation \u2013 abstract","author":"CSBT Bruells","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bruells CSBT, Maes K, Bleilevens C, Marx G, Gayan-Ramirez G, Rossaint R (2015) Influence of weaning methods on the diaphragm after mechanical ventilation \u2013 abstract. European Respiratory Society, Amsterdam"},{"key":"226_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2823-1","volume":"39","author":"D Matamis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matamis D, Soilemezi E, Tsagourias M, Akoumianaki E, Dimassi S, Boroli F et\u00a0al (2013) Sonographic evaluation of the diaphragm in critically ill patients. Technique and clinical applications. Intensive Care Med 39:801\u2013810","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200103000-00038","volume":"92","author":"J Ayoub","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ayoub J, Cohendy R, Prioux J, Ahmaidi S, Bourgeois JM, Dauzat M et\u00a0al (2001) Diaphragm movement before and after cholecystectomy: a sonographic study. Anesth Analg 92:755\u2013761","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"83","key":"226_CR49","first-page":"291","volume":"1997","author":"D Cohn","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cohn D, Benditt JO, Eveloff S, McCool FD (1985) Diaphragm thickening during inspiration. J\u00a0Appl Physiol 1997(83):291\u2013296","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"226_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201503-0620OC","volume":"192","author":"EC Goligher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goligher EC, Fan E, Herridge MS, Murray A, Vorona S, Brace D et\u00a0al (2015) Evolution of diaphragm thickness during mechanical ventilation. Impact of inspiratory effort. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 192:1080\u20131088","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-0894-9","volume":"19","author":"M Umbrello","year":"2015","unstructured":"Umbrello M, Formenti P, Longhi D, Galimberti A, Piva I, Pezzi A et\u00a0al (2015) Diaphragm ultrasound as indicator of respiratory effort in critically ill patients undergoing assisted mechanical ventilation: a pilot clinical study. Crit Care 19:161","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"226_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-204111","volume":"69","author":"E DiNino","year":"2014","unstructured":"DiNino E, Gartman EJ, Sethi JM, McCool FD (2014) Diaphragm ultrasound as a predictor of successful extubation from mechanical ventilation. Thorax 69:423\u2013427","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"226_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-4125-2","volume":"42","author":"B Jung","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jung B, Moury PH, Mahul M, de Jong A, Galia F, Prades A et al (2016) Diaphragmatic dysfunction in patients with ICU-acquired weakness and its impact on extubation failure. Intensive Care Med 42:853\u2013861","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"226_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1366090","volume":"35","author":"N Hatam","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hatam N, Goetzenich A, Rossaint R, Karfis I, Bickenbach J, Autschbach R et\u00a0al (2014) A novel application for assessing diaphragmatic function by ultrasonic deformation analysis in noninvasively ventilated healthy young adults. Ultrasch Med 35:540\u2013546","journal-title":"Ultrasch Med"},{"key":"226_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R84","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10081","volume":"15","author":"AD Martin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Martin AD, Smith BK, Davenport PD, Harman E, Gonzalez-Rothi RJ, Baz M et al (2011) Inspiratory muscle strength training improves weaning outcome in failure to wean patients: a randomized trial. Crit Care 15:R84","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"226_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201206-1117CP","volume":"187","author":"J Doorduin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Doorduin J, van Hees HW, van der Hoeven JG, Heunks LM (2013) Monitoring of the respiratory muscles in the critically ill. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 187:20\u201327","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00063-016-0226-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00063-016-0226-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00063-016-0226-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T18:17:49Z","timestamp":1749665869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00063-016-0226-0"}},"subtitle":["Fakten f\u00fcr den Kliniker","Facts for clinicians"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}},"alternative-id":["226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00063-016-0226-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2193-6218","2193-6226"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2193-6218","type":"print"},{"value":"2193-6226","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]]}}}