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However, there are only a\u00a0limited number of trials comparing the effectiveness of low- vs. high-dose radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We analyzed 127\u00a0patients treated with radiotherapy for stage 3\/4 GO (NOSPECS classification). Patients were treated with single doses of 2.0\u202fGy (cumulative dose 20\u202fGy) until 2007, afterwards a\u00a0single dose of 0.8\u202fGy (cumulative dose 4.8\u202fGy) was applied. With a\u00a0median follow-up-time of 9.0\u00a0years, the treatment efficacy (overall improvement, sense of eye pressure, lid edema, ocular motility, exophthalmos, subjective vision, and diplopia) and adverse effects were analyzed by a\u00a0standardized survey.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Overall, 63.8% described improvement of symptoms after radiotherapy. No significant differences in overall treatment response and improvement of main outcome measures between low- or high-dose radiotherapy treatments are detectable, while low-dose radiotherapy leads significantly more often to retreatment (13.1% vs. 1.7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.016). The main independent predictor of treatment response is the presence of lid edema (odds ratio, OR, 3.53; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.006).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>At long-term follow-up, the majority of patients reported palliation of symptoms with limited adverse effects, suggesting clinical effectiveness of radiotherapy for amelioration of GO symptoms independent of low- or high-dose radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-021-01770-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T11:53:33Z","timestamp":1618574013000},"page":"885-894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Low- vs. high-dose radiotherapy in Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy: a\u00a0retrospective comparison of long-term results"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Weissmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Lettmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Jasmina","family":"Donaubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8539-6600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Kruse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2082-216X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Hecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Fietkau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6743-3351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3966-2872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Putz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1770_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.10.028","volume":"115","author":"EA Bradley","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bradley\u00a0EA, Gower\u00a0EW, Bradley\u00a0DJ, Meyer\u00a0DR, Cahill\u00a0KV, Custer\u00a0PL, Holck\u00a0DE, Woog\u00a0JJ (2008) Orbital radiation for graves ophthalmopathy: a\u00a0report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. 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