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We also explored clinical and dosimetric predictors of lymphocytes depletion.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Between 2015 and 2019, 64\u00a0patients were treated at the same institution with postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Peripheral lymphocyte count (PLC) data and dose\u2013volume histogram parameters were collected. Radiotherapy (RT) schedule consisted in standard total dose of 60\u202fGy in 30\u00a0daily fractions, with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ). Posttreatment acute absolute lymphopenia (nadir AAL) was calculated as a\u00a0PLC lower than 1.0\u202f\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Acute relative lymphopenia (ARL) was expressed by the nadir-PLC\/baseline-PLC ratio &lt;\u202f0.5. Nadir-PLC was the lowest PLC registered between the end of RT and the first month of follow-up. Survival rates were estimated with Kaplan\u2013Meier curves. Clinical and dosimetric variables related to AAL\/ARL and OS were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A\u00a0total of 57\u00a0patients were eligible and included in the analyses. The median PLC was significantly decreased following chemoradiotherapy (2180\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> vs 900\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>). Median OS was 16\u00a0months (range 5\u201355\u00a0months), with no significant difference between patients who developed nadir AAL and those who did not (16\u00a0months vs 16.5\u00a0months; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.304). When considering ARL vs non-ARL, median OS was 14\u00a0months vs 26\u00a0months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.013), respectively. In multivariate Cox regression only age, sex, extent of surgery, access to adjuvant chemotherapy and brain D98% were independently associated with OS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although iatrogenic immunosuppression could be associated with inferior clinical outcomes, our data show that treatment-related lymphopenia does not adversely affect GBM survival. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-021-01855-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T04:56:07Z","timestamp":1633582567000},"page":"448-457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association between treatment-related lymphopenia and survival in glioblastoma patients following postoperative chemoradiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"198","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1530-3138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Mapelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Julita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia Paola","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00f2","family":"Gallina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Lucchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Midulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Puci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Saddi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Trivellato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Panizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"De Ponti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3880-8876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Arcangeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1855_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2017.11.028","volume":"128","author":"Y Shiraishi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shiraishi\u00a0Y, Fang\u00a0P, Xu\u00a0C, Song\u00a0J, Krishnan\u00a0S, Koay\u00a0EJ, Mehran\u00a0RJ, Hofstetter\u00a0WL, Blum-Murphy\u00a0M, Ajani\u00a0JA, Komaki\u00a0R, Minsky\u00a0B, Mohan\u00a0R, Hsu\u00a0CC, Hobbs\u00a0BP, Lin\u00a0SH (2018) Severe lymphopenia during neoadjuvant chemoradiation for esophageal cancer: a propensity matched analysis of the relative risk of proton versus photon-based radiation therapy. 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