{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T23:35:39Z","timestamp":1781825739154,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,1]],"date-time":"2007-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1180656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-007-7073-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,5]],"date-time":"2007-06-05T13:32:47Z","timestamp":1181050367000},"page":"221-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Nonoperative Management of Pancreato-Duodenal Injuries"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Spaniolas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George C.","family":"Velmahos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"7073_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200008000-00002","volume":"49","author":"AB Peitzman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Peitzman AB, Heil B, Rivera L, et al. (2000) Blunt splenic injury in adults: multi-institutional study of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. J Trauma 49:177\u201387; discussion 187\u20139","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200109000-00013","volume":"234","author":"GC Velmahos","year":"2001","unstructured":"Velmahos GC, Demetriades D, Toutouzas KG, et al. (2001) Selective nonoperative management in 1,856 patients with abdominal gunshot wounds: should routine laparotomy still be the standard of care? Ann Surg 234:395\u2013402; discussion 402\u20133","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR3","first-page":"620","volume":"244","author":"D Demetriades","year":"2006","unstructured":"Demetriades D, Hadjizacharia P, Constantinou C, et al. (2006) Selective nonoperative management of penetrating abdominal solid organ injuries. Ann Surg 244:620\u20138","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198508000-00003","volume":"202","author":"RR Ivatury","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ivatury RR, Nallathambi M, Gaudino J, et al. (1985) Penetrating duodenal injuries: analysis of 100 consecutive cases. Ann Surg 202:153\u20138","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR5","first-page":"90","volume":"56","author":"RR Ivatury","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ivatury RR, Nallathambi M, Rao P, et al. (1990) Penetrating pancreatic injuries: analysis of 103 consecutive cases. Am Surg 56:90\u20135","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800750227","volume":"75","author":"A Lepp\u00e4niemi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lepp\u00e4niemi A, Haapiainen R, Kiviluoto T, et al. (1988) Pancreatic trauma: acute and late manifestations. Br J Surg 75:165\u20137","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR7","first-page":"282","volume":"63","author":"GA Timberlake","year":"1997","unstructured":"Timberlake GA (1997) Blunt pancreatic trauma: experience at a rural referral center. Am Surg 63:282\u20136","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199701000-00009","volume":"42","author":"MS Arkovitz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Arkovitz MS, Johnson N, Garcia VF (1997) Pancreatic trauma in children: mechanisms of injury. J Trauma 42:49\u201353","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199011000-00035","volume":"30","author":"EE Moore","year":"1990","unstructured":"Moore EE, Cogbill TH, Malangoni MA, et al. (1990) Organ injury scaling II: pancreas, duodenum, small bowel, colon, and rectum. J Trauma 30:1427\u20139","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198011000-00008","volume":"20","author":"M Takahashi","year":"1980","unstructured":"Takahashi M, Maemura K, Sawada Y, et al. (1980) Hyperamylasemia in critically injured patients. J Trauma 20:951\u20135","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR11","first-page":"204","volume":"56","author":"KJ Buechter","year":"1990","unstructured":"Buechter KJ, Arnold M, Steele B, et al. (1990) The use of serum amylase and lipase in evaluating and managing blunt abdominal trauma. Am Surg 56:204\u20138","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90379-2","volume":"34","author":"MA Jobst","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jobst MA, Canty TG, Lynch FP (1999) Management of pancreatic injury in pediatric blunt abdominal trauma. J Pediatr Surg 34:818\u201323; discussion 823\u20134","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(98)90459-6","volume":"33","author":"J Shilyansky","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shilyansky J, Sena LM, Kreller M, et al. (1998) Nonoperative management of pancreatic injuries in children. J Pediatr Surg 33:343\u20139","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR14","first-page":"63","volume":"36","author":"BR Boulanger","year":"1993","unstructured":"Boulanger BR, Milzman DP, Rosati C, et al. (1993) The clinical significance of acute hyperamylasemia after blunt trauma. Can J Surg 36:63\u20139","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199806000-00009","volume":"227","author":"EL Bradley 3rd","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bradley EL 3rd, Young PR Jr, Chang MC, et al. (1998) Diagnosis and initial management of blunt pancreatic trauma: guidelines from a multiinstitutional review. Ann Surg 227:861\u20139","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199707000-00010","volume":"226","author":"T Takishima","year":"1997","unstructured":"Takishima T, Sugimoto K, Hirata M, et al. (1997) Serum amylase level on admission in the diagnosis of blunt injury to the pancreas: its significance and limitations. Ann Surg 226:70\u20136","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(88)80628-6","volume":"23","author":"SD Smith","year":"1988","unstructured":"Smith SD, Nakayama DK, Gantt N, et al. (1988) Pancreatic injuries in childhood due to blunt trauma. J Pediatr Surg 23:610\u20134","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000056184.80706.9B","volume":"54","author":"KM Desai","year":"2003","unstructured":"Desai KM, Dorward IG, Minkes RK, et al. (2003) Blunt duodenal injuries in children. J Trauma 54:640\u20135; discussion 645\u20136","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000046256.80836.AA","volume":"54","author":"SM Fakhry","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fakhry SM, Watts DD, Luchette FA, EAST Multi-Institutional Hollow Viscus Injury Research Group (2003) Current diagnostic approaches lack sensitivity in the diagnosis of perforated blunt small bowel injury: analysis from 275,557 trauma admissions from the EAST multi-institutional HVI trial. J Trauma 54:295\u2013306","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.163.4.7503824","volume":"163","author":"MJ Lane","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lane MJ, Mindelzun RE, Sandhu JS, et al. (1994) CT diagnosis of blunt pancreatic trauma: importance of detecting fluid between the pancreas and the splenic vein. AJR Am J Roentgenol 163:833\u20135","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"7073_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.147.2.6836127","volume":"147","author":"RB Jeffrey","year":"1983","unstructured":"Jeffrey RB, Federle MP, Crass RA (1983) Computed tomography of pancreatic trauma. Radiology 147:491\u20134","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"7073_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.158.5.1566674","volume":"158","author":"CJ Sivit","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sivit CJ, Eichelberger MR, Taylor GA, et al. (1992) Blunt pancreatic trauma in children: CT diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 158:1097\u2013100","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"7073_CR23","first-page":"647","volume":"62","author":"R Akhrass","year":"1996","unstructured":"Akhrass R, Kim K, Brandt C (1996) Computed tomography: an unreliable indicator of pancreatic trauma. Am Surg 62:647\u201351","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200106000-00005","volume":"50","author":"TG Canty","year":"2001","unstructured":"Canty TG, Weinman D (2001) Management of major pancreatic duct injuries in children. J Trauma 50:1001\u20137","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.12.024","volume":"193","author":"SH Teh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Teh SH, Sheppard BC, Mullins RJ, et al. (2007) Diagnosis and management of blunt pancreatic ductal injury in the era of high-resolution computed axial tomography. Am J Surg 193:641\u20133; discussion 643","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199708000-00004","volume":"43","author":"RB Ballard","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ballard RB, Badellino MM, Eynon CA, et al. (1997) Blunt duodenal rupture: a 6-year statewide experience. J Trauma 43:229\u201332; discussion 233","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(97)90642-4","volume":"32","author":"J Shilyansky","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shilyansky J, Pearl RH, Kreller M, et al. (1997) Diagnosis and management of duodenal injuries in children. J Pediatr Surg 32:880\u20136","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000221797.46249.ee","volume":"62","author":"P Weninger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Weninger P, Mauritz W, Fridrich P, et al. (2007) Emergency room management of patients with blunt major trauma: evaluation of the multislice computed tomography protocol exemplified by an urban trauma center. J Trauma 62:84\u201391","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"7073_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(88)71272-9","volume":"34","author":"JS Barkin","year":"1988","unstructured":"Barkin JS, Ferstenberg RM, Panullo W, et al. (1988) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in pancreatic trauma. Gastrointest Endosc 34:102\u20135","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"7073_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90585-5","volume":"30","author":"FJ Rescorla","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rescorla FJ, Plumley DA, Sherman S, et al. (1995) The efficacy of early ERCP in pediatric pancreatic trauma. J Pediatr Surg 30:336\u201340","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90586-9","volume":"34","author":"MS Firstenberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Firstenberg MS, Volsko TA, Sivit C, et al. (1999) Selective management of pediatric pancreatic injuries. J Pediatr Surg 34:1142\u20137","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.20712","volume":"36","author":"TG Canty","year":"2001","unstructured":"Canty TG, Weinman D (2001) Treatment of pancreatic duct disruption in children by an endoscopically placed stent. J Pediatr Surg 36:345\u20138","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR33","first-page":"715","volume":"56","author":"A Stone","year":"1990","unstructured":"Stone A, Sugawa C, Lucas C, et al. (1990) The role of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) in blunt abdominal trauma. Am Surg 56:715\u201320","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800730533","volume":"73","author":"RI Hall","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hall RI, Lavelle MI, Venables CW (1986) Use of ERCP to identify the site of traumatic injuries of the main pancreatic duct in children. Br J Surg 73:411\u20132","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1007\/s004649900690","volume":"12","author":"DJ Harrell","year":"1998","unstructured":"Harrell DJ, Vitale GC, Larson GM (1998) Selective role for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in abdominal trauma. Surg Endosc 12:400\u20134","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"7073_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-003-9276-5","volume":"19","author":"A Wolf","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wolf A, Bernhardt J, Patrzyk M, et al. (2005) The value of endoscopic diagnosis and the treatment of pancreas injuries following blunt abdominal trauma. Surg Endosc 19:665\u20139","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"7073_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.12.025","volume":"42","author":"CH Houben","year":"2007","unstructured":"Houben CH, Ade-Ajayi N, Patel S, et al. (2007) Traumatic pancreatic duct injury in children: minimally invasive approach to management. J Pediatr Surg 42:629\u201335","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.10.006","volume":"42","author":"KD Mattix","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mattix KD, Tataria M, Holmes J, et al. (2007) Pediatric pancreatic trauma: predictors of nonoperative management failure and associated outcomes. J Pediatr Surg 42:340\u20134","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.02.032","volume":"39","author":"JN Clendenon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Clendenon JN, Meyers RL, Nance ML, et al. (2004) Management of duodenal injuries in children. J Pediatr Surg 39:964\u20138","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480507100315","volume":"71","author":"OP Sharma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sharma OP, Oswanski MF, Singer D (2005) Role of repeat computerized tomography in nonoperative management of solid organ trauma. Am Surg 71:244\u20139","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR41","first-page":"543","volume":"38","author":"C Procacci","year":"1997","unstructured":"Procacci C, Graziani R, Bicego E, et al. (1997) Blunt pancreatic trauma: role of CT. Acta Radiol 38:543\u20139","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"7073_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(98)00205-1","volume":"187","author":"GS Allen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Allen GS, Moore FA, Cox CS, et al. (1998) Delayed diagnosis of blunt duodenal injury: an avoidable complication. J Am Coll Surg 187:393\u20139","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1067\/mge.2001.115733","volume":"54","author":"HS Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim HS, Lee DK, Kim IW, et al. (2001) The role of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography in the treatment of traumatic pancreatic duct injury. Gastrointest Endosc 54:49\u201355","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"7073_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800810628","volume":"81","author":"IC Funnell","year":"1994","unstructured":"Funnell IC, Bornman PC, Krige JE, et al. (1994) Endoscopic drainage of traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst. Br J Surg 81:879\u201381","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-005-0807-0","volume":"20","author":"BC Lin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lin BC, Liu NJ, Fang JF, et al. (2006) Long-term results of endoscopic stent in the management of blunt major pancreatic duct injury. Surg Endosc 20:1551\u20135","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"7073_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)45126-1","volume":"70","author":"OJ McAnena","year":"1990","unstructured":"McAnena OJ, Moore EE, Marx JA (1990) Initial evaluation of the patient with blunt abdominal trauma. Surg Clin North Am 70:495\u2013515","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"7073_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1995.01430020106020","volume":"130","author":"D Demetriades","year":"1995","unstructured":"Demetriades D, Berne TV, Belzberg H, et al. (1995) The impact of a dedicated trauma program on outcome in severely injured patients. Arch Surg 130:216\u201320","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.8.838","volume":"138","author":"EE Cornwell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cornwell EE, Chang DC, Phillips J, et al. (2003) Enhanced trauma program commitment at a level I trauma center: effect on the process and outcome of care. Arch Surg 138:838\u201343","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(99)90657-7","volume":"34","author":"K Kouchi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kouchi K, Tanabe M, Yoshida H, et al. (1999) Nonoperative management of blunt pancreatic injury in childhood. J Pediatr Surg 34:1736\u20139","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.22970","volume":"36","author":"PW Wales","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wales PW, Shuckett B, Kim PC (2001) Long-term outcome after nonoperative management of complete traumatic pancreatic transection in children. J Pediatr Surg 36:823\u20137","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-198006000-00006","volume":"191","author":"LM Flint","year":"1980","unstructured":"Flint LM, McCoy M, Richardson JD, et al. (1980) Duodenal injury: analysis of common misconceptions in diagnosis and treatment. Ann Surg 191:697\u2013702","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"7073_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480507101011","volume":"71","author":"PP Lopez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lopez PP, Benjamin R, Cockburn M, et al. (2005) Recent trends in the management of combined pancreatoduodenal injuries. Am Surg 71:847\u201352","journal-title":"Am Surg"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-007-7073-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00068-007-7073-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-007-7073-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T16:36:33Z","timestamp":1628958993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00068-007-7073-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}},"alternative-id":["7073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-007-7073-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-9933","1615-3146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-9933","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-3146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]}}}