{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T12:36:35Z","timestamp":1793104595478,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598832000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universit\u00e4t, Frankfurt am Main"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The primary aim of this study was to analyze frequency and characteristics of combined facial and peripheral trauma with consecutive hospitalization and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study included all patients with concomitant orthopedic-traumatolgical (OT) and craniomaxillofacial (CMF) injuries admitted to our level I trauma center in 2018. The data were collected by analysis of the institution\u2019s database and radiological reviews and included age, sex, injury type, weekday and time of presentation. All patients were examined and treated by a team of surgeons specialized in OT and CMF directly after presentation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total number of 1040 combined OT and CMF patients were identified. Mean age was 33.0\u2009\u00b1\u200926.2\u00a0years. 67.3% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009700) were male patients. Primary presentation happened most frequently on Sundays (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009199) and between 7 and 8\u00a0pm (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200974). 193 OT fractures were documented, where cervical spine injuries were most frequent (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930). 365 facial and skull fractures were recorded. 10.8% of the 204 patients with fractures of the viscerocranium presented with at least one fracture of the extremity, 7.8% (16\/204) with cervical spine fractures, 33.3% (68\/204) with signs of closed brain trauma and 9.8% (20\/204) with intracranial hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study shows a high frequency of combined facial with OT-injuries and brain damage in a predominantly young and male cohort. Attendance by interdisciplinary teams of both CMF and OT surgeons specialized in cervical spine trauma surgery is highly advisable for adequate treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Diagnostics and treatment should be performed by a highly specialized OT and CMF team, with a consulting neurosurgeon in a level-1 trauma center to avoid missed diagnoses and keep mortality low.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-020-01479-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T16:03:38Z","timestamp":1598889818000},"page":"2521-2528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Combined trauma in craniomaxillofacial and orthopedic-traumatological patients: the need for proper interdisciplinary care in trauma units"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Nils","family":"M\u00fchlenfeld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Thoenissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Verboket","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Sader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Marzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7897-0854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahram","family":"Ghanaati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"1479_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200301000-00019","volume":"113","author":"A Alvi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alvi A, Doherty T, Lewen G. Facial fractures and concomitant injuries in trauma patients. Laryngoscope. 2003;113:102\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005537-200301000-00019.","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"1479_CR2","first-page":"44","volume":"4","author":"CB Carlin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Carlin CB, Ruff G, Mansfeld CP, et al. Facial fractures and related injuries: a ten-year retrospective analysis. J Cranio-Maxillofac Trauma. 1998;4:44\u20138 (discussion 43).","journal-title":"J Cranio-Maxillofac Trauma"},{"key":"1479_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-018-0950-7","volume":"45","author":"Y Lu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu Y, Shen H, Wang J, et al. Characteristics on 621 cases of craniomaxillofacial fractures. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2019;45:893\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-018-0950-7.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-017-0885-4","volume":"45","author":"H Chelly","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chelly H, Bahloul M, Ammar R, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognosis of traumatic head injury following road traffic accidents admitted in ICU \u201canalysis of 694 cases\u201d. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2019;45:245\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-017-0885-4.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-004-1340-x","volume":"30","author":"E Copcu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Copcu E, Sisman N, Oztan Y. Trauma and Fracture of theMandible. Eur J Trauma. 2004;30:110\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-004-1340-x.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma"},{"key":"1479_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Down KE, Boot DA, Gorman DF. Maxillofacial andassociated injuries in severely traumatized patients: implications of a regional survey. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1995;24(6):409\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0901-5027(05)80469-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(05)80469-2"},{"key":"1479_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B\u00e9ogo R, Dakour\u00e9 P, Savadogo LB, et al.  Associated injuries in patients with facial fractures: a review of 604 patients. Pan Afr Med J. 2013;16:119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11604\/pamj.2013.16.119.3379.","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2013.16.119.3379"},{"key":"1479_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-017-1078-8","volume":"17","author":"UM Joshi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Joshi UM, Ramdurg S, Saikar S, et al. Brain injuries and facial fractures: a prospective study of incidence of head injury associated with maxillofacial trauma. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2018;17:531\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12663-017-1078-8.","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjtee.2017.12.005","volume":"21","author":"AH Elbaih","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elbaih AH, El-sayed DA, Abou-Zeid AE, et al. Patterns of brain injuries associated with maxillofacial fractures and its fate in emergency Egyptian polytrauma patients. Chin J Traumatol. 2018;21:287\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cjtee.2017.12.005.","journal-title":"Chin J Traumatol"},{"key":"1479_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.12.016","volume":"206","author":"RF Williams","year":"2008","unstructured":"Williams RF, Fabian TC, Fischer PE, et al. Impact of airbags on a Level I trauma center: injury patterns, infectious morbidity, and hospital costs. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;206:962\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.12.016(discussion 968-969).","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yasu.2009.03.003","volume":"43","author":"RF Williams","year":"2009","unstructured":"Williams RF, Croce MA. Are airbags effective in decreasing trauma in auto accidents? Adv Surg. 2009;43:139\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yasu.2009.03.003.","journal-title":"Adv Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-018-0566-8","volume":"122","author":"R Verboket","year":"2019","unstructured":"Verboket R, Verboket C, Sch\u00f6ffski O, et al. Costs and proceeds from patients admitted via the emergency room with mild craniocerebral trauma. Unfallchirurg. 2019;122:618\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00113-018-0566-8.","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"1479_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e783","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002055","volume":"26","author":"DR Goulart","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goulart DR, Durante L, de Moraes M, et al. Characteristics of maxillofacial trauma among alcohol and drug users. J Craniofac Surg. 2015;26:e783\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002055.","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2008.01.021","volume":"46","author":"S Laverick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laverick S, Patel N, Jones DC. Maxillofacial trauma and the role of alcohol. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;46:542\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjoms.2008.01.021.","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"1479_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.5272\/jimab.2012182.147","volume":"18","author":"L Gagov","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gagov L. The role of alcohol involvement in maxillofacial trauma. J IMAB: Annu Proceeding Sci Pap. 2012;18(2):147\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5272\/jimab.2012182.147.","journal-title":"J IMAB: Annu Proceeding Sci Pap"},{"key":"1479_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2012.04.140","volume":"50","author":"L Dunphy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dunphy L, Currie W, Hislop W. The role of alcohol in maxillofacial injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012;50:64. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjoms.2012.04.140.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-018-0945-4","volume":"45","author":"CD Weber","year":"2019","unstructured":"Weber CD, Schmitz JK, Garving C, et al. The alcohol-intoxicated trauma patient: impact on imaging and radiation exposure. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2019;45:871\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-018-0945-4.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-014-0429-0","volume":"41","author":"PJF Leute","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leute PJF, Moos RNM, Osterhoff G, et al. Young adults with mild traumatic brain injury\u2014the influence of alcohol consumption\u2014a retrospective analysis. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2015;41:299\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-014-0429-0.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1007\/s00104-018-0778-z","volume":"90","author":"R Verboket","year":"2019","unstructured":"Verboket R, S\u00f6hling N, Schmitz L, et al. Violence in the emergency department of a maximum care hospital. Chir Z Alle Geb Oper Medizen. 2019;90:570\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00104-018-0778-z.","journal-title":"Chir Z Alle Geb Oper Medizen"},{"key":"1479_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2019.06.024","author":"EM F\u00e4rkkil\u00e4","year":"2019","unstructured":"F\u00e4rkkil\u00e4 EM, Peacock ZS, Tannyhill RJ, et al. Frequency of cervical spine injuries in patients with midface fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2019.06.024(Published Online First: 10 July 2019).","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2018.07.032","volume":"77","author":"EM F\u00e4rkkil\u00e4","year":"2019","unstructured":"F\u00e4rkkil\u00e4 EM, Peacock ZS, Tannyhill RJ, et al. Risk factors for cervical spine injury in patients with mandibular fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg Off J Am Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2019;77:109\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joms.2018.07.032.","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg Off J Am Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2016.06.017","volume":"44","author":"W Reich","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reich W, Surov A, Eckert AW. Maxillofacial trauma - Underestimation of cervical spine injury. J Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg Off Publ Eur Assoc Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg. 2016;44:1469\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2016.06.017.","journal-title":"J Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg Off Publ Eur Assoc Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31819e26f2","volume":"123","author":"SK Mithani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mithani SK, St-Hilaire H, Brooke BS, et al. Predictable patterns of intracranial and cervical spine injury in craniomaxillofacial trauma: analysis of 4786 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;123:1293\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31819e26f2.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000293763.82790.aa","volume":"121","author":"MM Elahi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Elahi MM, Brar MS, Ahmed N, et al. Cervical spine injury in association with craniomaxillofacial fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;121:201\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.prs.0000293763.82790.aa.","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"1479_CR25","first-page":"18","volume":"3","author":"L Ardekian","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ardekian L, Gaspar R, Peled M, et al. Incidence and type of cervical spine injuries associated with mandibular fractures. J Cranio-Maxillofac Trauma. 1997;3:18\u2013211.","journal-title":"J Cranio-Maxillofac Trauma"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01479-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01479-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01479-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,8]],"date-time":"2022-08-08T14:03:22Z","timestamp":1659967402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01479-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01479-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-9933","1863-9941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-9933","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-9941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declared that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}