{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:38:40Z","timestamp":1791988720579,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Projekt DEAL"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Treatment strategies for femoral fracture stabilisation are well known to have a significant impact on the patient\u2019s outcome. Therefore, the optimal choices for both the type of initial fracture stabilisation (external fixation\/EF, early total care\/ETC, conservative treatment\/TC) and the best time point for conversion from temporary to definitive fixation are challenging factors.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients aged\u2009\u2265\u200916\u00a0years with moderate and severe trauma documented in the TraumaRegister DGU<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> between 2002 and 2018 were retrospectively analysed. Demographics, ISS, surgical treatment strategy (ETC vs. EF vs. TC), time for conversion to definitive care, complication (MOF, sepsis) and survival rates were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In total, 13,091 trauma patients were included. EF patients more often sustained high-energy trauma (car: 43.1 vs. 29.5%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), were younger (40.6 vs. 48.1\u00a0years, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), were more severely injured (ISS 25.4 vs. 19.1 pts., <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and had higher sepsis (11.8 vs. 5.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and MOF rates (33.1 vs. 16.0%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared to ETC patients. A shift from ETC to EF was observed. The time until conversion decreased for femoral fractures from 9 to 8\u00a0days within the observation period. Sepsis incidences decreased in EF (20.3 to 12.3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and ETC (9.1\u20134.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our results show the changes in the surgical treatment of severely injured patients with femur fractures over a period of almost two decades caused by the introduction of modern surgical strategies (e.g., Safe Definitive Surgery). It remains unclear which subgroups of trauma patients benefit most from these strategies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-020-01599-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T21:53:52Z","timestamp":1613685232000},"page":"1769-1778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Strategies for the treatment of femoral fractures in severely injured patients: trends in over two decades from the TraumaRegister DGU\u00ae"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7419-8687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix M.","family":"Bl\u00e4sius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Laubach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagen","family":"Andruszkow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Lichte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Christoph","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Lefering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klemens","family":"Horst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Hildebrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Trauma Register DGU\u00ae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1599_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200004000-00006","volume":"48","author":"TM Scalea","year":"2000","unstructured":"Scalea TM, Boswell SA, Scott JD, Mitchell KA, Kramer ME, Pollak AN. External fixation as a bridge to intramedullary nailing for patients with multiple injuries and with femur fractures: damage control orthopedics. J Trauma. 2000;48(4):613\u201321 (discussion 21-3).","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"issue":"1","key":"1599_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0228082","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228082","volume":"15","author":"S Halvachizadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Halvachizadeh S, Baradaran L, Cinelli P, Pfeifer R, Sprengel K, Pape HC. How to detect a polytrauma patient at risk of complications: a validation and database analysis of four published scales. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(1):e0228082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0228082.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"1599_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000810","volume":"79","author":"ZDW Dezman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dezman ZDW, Comer AC, Smith GS, Narayan M, Scalea TM, Hirshon JM. Failure to clear elevated lactate predicts 24-hour mortality in trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015;79(4):580\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0000000000000810.","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"1599_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200206000-00020","volume":"52","author":"RP Dutton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dutton RP, Mackenzie CF, Scalea TM. Hypotensive resuscitation during active hemorrhage: impact on in-hospital mortality. J Trauma. 2002;52(6):1141\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005373-200206000-00020.","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"1599_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1598062","volume":"43","author":"P Stein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stein P, Kaserer A, Spahn GH, Spahn DR. Point-of-care coagulation monitoring in trauma patients. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2017;43(4):367\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0037-1598062.","journal-title":"Semin Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"1599_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.08.011","volume":"45","author":"DGU TraumaRegister","year":"2014","unstructured":"TraumaRegister DGU. 20 years TraumaRegister DGU((R)): development, aims and structure. Injury. 2014;45(Suppl 3):S6\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2014.08.011.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"12","key":"1599_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.06.035","volume":"47","author":"F Debus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Debus F, Lefering R, Lang N, Oberkircher L, Bockmann B, Ruchholtz S, et al. Which factors influence the need for inpatient rehabilitation after severe trauma? Injury. 2016;47(12):2683\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2016.06.035.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"11","key":"1599_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199811000-00016","volume":"26","author":"JL Vincent","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vincent JL, de Mendonca A, Cantraine F, Moreno R, Takala J, Suter PM, et al. Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction\/failure in intensive care units: results of a multicenter, prospective study. Working group on \u201csepsis-related problems\u201d of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Crit Care Med. 1998;26(11):1793\u2013800.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"1599_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2769-8","volume":"39","author":"RP Dellinger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, Annane D, Gerlach H, Opal SM, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med. 2013;39(2):165\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-012-2769-8.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1599_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1097\/01.Ccm.0000050454.01978.3b","volume":"31","author":"MM Levy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, Abraham E, Angus D, Cook D, et al. 2001 SCCM\/ESICM\/ACCP\/ATS\/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(4):1250\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.Ccm.0000050454.01978.3b.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1599_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0476-2","volume":"18","author":"R Lefering","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lefering R, Huber-Wagner S, Nienaber U, Maegele M, Bouillon B. Update of the trauma risk adjustment model of the TraumaRegister DGU: the Revised Injury Severity Classification, version II. Crit Care. 2014;18(5):476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-014-0476-2.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"1599_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0b013e328359fd57","volume":"18","author":"P Lichte","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lichte P, Kobbe P, Dombroski D, Pape HC. Damage control orthopedics: current evidence. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2012;18(6):647\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCC.0b013e328359fd57.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1599_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.H.00338","volume":"91","author":"S Morshed","year":"2009","unstructured":"Morshed S, Miclau T 3rd, Bembom O, Cohen M, Knudson MM, Colford JM Jr. Delayed internal fixation of femoral shaft fracture reduces mortality among patients with multisystem trauma. J Bone Jt Surg Am. 2009;91(1):3\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.H.00338.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"1599_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000198364.50334.39","volume":"59","author":"D Rixen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rixen D, Grass G, Sauerland S, Lefering R, Raum MR, Y\u00fccel N, et al. Evaluation of criteria for temporary external fixation in risk-adapted damage control orthopedic surgery of femur shaft fractures in multiple trauma patients: \u201cevidence-based medicine\u201d versus \u201creality\u201d in the trauma registry of the German Trauma Society. J Trauma. 2005;59(6):1375\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ta.0000198364.50334.39(discussion 94-5).","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"issue":"5","key":"1599_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.3.170072","volume":"3","author":"AR Elniel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elniel AR, Giannoudis PV. Open fractures of the lower extremity: Current management and clinical outcomes. EFORT Open Rev. 2018;3(5):316\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2058-5241.3.170072.","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"1599_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.7.766","volume":"166","author":"AL Siu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Siu AL, Penrod JD, Boockvar KS, Koval K, Strauss E, Morrison RS. Early ambulation after hip fracture: effects on function and mortality. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(7):766\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.166.7.766.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"1599_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-016-0695-0","volume":"42","author":"M Knobe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Knobe M, Pape HC. Focus on co-management in geriatric fracture care. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2016;42(5):533\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-016-0695-0.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"1599_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.5492\/wjccm.v6.i2.99","volume":"6","author":"JA Llompart-Pou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Llompart-Pou JA, Perez-Barcena J, Chico-Fernandez M, Sanchez-Casado M, Raurich JM. Severe trauma in the geriatric population. World J Crit Care Med. 2017;6(2):99\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5492\/wjccm.v6.i2.99.","journal-title":"World J Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1599_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-015-0557-1","volume":"42","author":"F Hildebrand","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hildebrand F, Pape HC, Horst K, Andruszkow H, Kobbe P, Simon TP, et al. Impact of age on the clinical outcomes of major trauma. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2016;42(3):317\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-015-0557-1.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"1599_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/2151458511427702","volume":"2","author":"J Hahnhaussen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hahnhaussen J, Hak DJ, Weckbach S, Ertel W, Stahel PF. High-energy proximal femur fractures in geriatric patients: a retrospective analysis of short-term complications and in-hospital mortality in 32 consecutive patients. Geriatric Orthop Surg Rehabil. 2011;2(5\u20136):195\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2151458511427702.","journal-title":"Geriatric Orthop Surg Rehabil"},{"issue":"10","key":"1599_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3441","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200010000-00012","volume":"28","author":"HC Pape","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pape HC, Schmidt RE, Rice J, van Griensven M, das Gupta R, Krettek C, et al. Biochemical changes after trauma and skeletal surgery of the lower extremity: quantification of the operative burden. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(10):3441\u20138.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"1599_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B2.0810356","volume":"81","author":"PV Giannoudis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Giannoudis PV, Smith RM, Bellamy MC, Morrison JF, Dickson RA, Guillou PJ. Stimulation of the inflammatory system by reamed and unreamed nailing of femoral fractures. An analysis of the second hit. J Bone Jt Surg Br Vol. 1999;81(2):356\u201361.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Br Vol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1599_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000025660.37314.0f","volume":"53","author":"HC Pape","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pape HC, Hildebrand F, Pertschy S, Zelle B, Garapati R, Grimme K, et al. Changes in the management of femoral shaft fractures in polytrauma patients: from early total care to damage control orthopedic surgery. J Trauma. 2002;53(3):452\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ta.0000025660.37314.0f(discussion 61-2).","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"issue":"4","key":"1599_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s001130100340","volume":"105","author":"G Taeger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Taeger G, Ruchholtz S, Zettl R, Waydhas C, Nast-Kolb D. Primary external fixation with consecutive procedural modification in polytrauma. Unfallchirurg. 2002;105(4):315\u201321.","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1599_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.12.001","volume":"46","author":"HC Pape","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pape HC, Pfeifer R. Safe definitive orthopaedic surgery (SDS): repeated assessment for tapered application of Early Definitive Care and Damage Control?: an inclusive view of recent advances in polytrauma management. Injury. 2015;46(1):1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2014.12.001.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"29\u201330","key":"1599_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2017.0497","volume":"114","author":"M Frink","year":"2017","unstructured":"Frink M, Lechler P, Debus F, Ruchholtz S. Multiple trauma and emergency room management. Deutsches Arzteblatt Int. 2017;114(29\u201330):497\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3238\/arztebl.2017.0497.","journal-title":"Deutsches Arzteblatt Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"1599_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200001000-00005","volume":"48","author":"AB Nathens","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nathens AB, Jurkovich GJ, Rivara FP, Maier RV. Effectiveness of state trauma systems in reducing injury-related mortality: a national evaluation. J Trauma. 2000;48(1):25\u201330 (discussion -1).","journal-title":"J Trauma."},{"issue":"4","key":"1599_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318206d3df","volume":"39","author":"A Wafaisade","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wafaisade A, Lefering R, Bouillon B, Sakka SG, Thamm OC, Paffrath T, et al. Epidemiology and risk factors of sepsis after multiple trauma: an analysis of 29,829 patients from the Trauma Registry of the German Society for Trauma Surgery. Crit Care Med. 2011;39(4):621\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318206d3df.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1599_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.09.024","volume":"44","author":"V Ciriello","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ciriello V, Gudipati S, Stavrou PZ, Kanakaris NK, Bellamy MC, Giannoudis PV. Biomarkers predicting sepsis in polytrauma patients: Current evidence. Injury. 2013;44(12):1680\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2013.09.024.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"16","key":"1599_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022139","volume":"348","author":"GS Martin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(16):1546\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa022139.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1599_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.4266\/acc.2018.00122","volume":"33","author":"S Chung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chung S, Choi D, Cho J, Huh Y, Moon J, Kwon J, et al. Timing and associated factors for sepsis-3 in severe trauma patients: a 3-year single trauma center experience. Acute Crit Care. 2018;33(3):130\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4266\/acc.2018.00122.","journal-title":"Acute Crit Care"},{"key":"1599_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1162-2","volume":"17","author":"D Rixen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rixen D, Steinhausen E, Sauerland S, Lefering R, Maegele MG, Bouillon B, et al. Randomized, controlled, two-arm, interventional, multicenter study on risk-adapted damage control orthopedic surgery of femur shaft fractures in multiple-trauma patients. Trials. 2016;17:47. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-016-1162-2.","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"6","key":"1599_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200106000-00004","volume":"50","author":"HC Pape","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pape HC, van Griensven M, Rice J, Gansslen A, Hildebrand F, Zech S, et al. Major secondary surgery in blunt trauma patients and perioperative cytokine liberation: determination of the clinical relevance of biochemical markers. J Trauma. 2001;50(6):989\u20131000.","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"1599_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R124","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12796","volume":"17","author":"H Andruszkow","year":"2013","unstructured":"Andruszkow H, Lefering R, Frink M, Mommsen P, Zeckey C, Rahe K, et al. Survival benefit of helicopter emergency medical services compared to ground emergency medical services in traumatized patients. Crit Care. 2013;17(3):R124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc12796.","journal-title":"Crit Care"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01599-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01599-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01599-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]],"date-time":"2022-06-13T18:05:32Z","timestamp":1655143532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01599-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1599"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01599-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-9933","1863-9941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-9933","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-9941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 July 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"RL declares that his institution receives an ongoing support from AUC, the data holder of TR-DGU, which includes statistical support of data analysis from registry data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The TR-DGU gave permission for publication. All authors read and approved the final manuscript and gave permission for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}