{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T19:25:42Z","timestamp":1770751542100,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000774","name":"The University of Newcastle","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the epidemiology of myocardial injury in trauma patients, in doing so informing design for future multicentre prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A one-year retrospective study ending on 31\/08\/2023 was conducted at a Level-1 Trauma Centre. All adult trauma resuscitation patients with elevated Troponin serum concentration were included. Patient demographics, medical history, mechanism, injury severity, laboratory data, cardiac investigations, LOS, ICU admission and mortality were collected. Patients were categorised into three pragmatic groups based on the timing of their Troponin peak (Group1:&lt;12\u00a0h; Group2:12\u201324\u00a0h; Group3:&gt;24\u00a0h).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 1408 admissions, 97(7%) patients [Age:57(35,80); Male:71%; ISS:18(9\u201333); LOS:9(4,16.5); ICU:66%; Mortality:16.5%] had elevated Troponin. Group 1 [\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200937; Age:47(24,70); Male:76%; ISS:9(4,22); LOS:7(3,14); ICU:51%; Mortaliy:5.4%]; Group 2 [\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200932; Age:53.5(26,74); Male:78%; ISS:27(12.5,53.5); LOS:10(5,17); ICU:84%; Mortaliy:25%] and Group 3 [\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200928; Age:78(62,84); Male:57%; ISS:19(9.5,47.5); LOS:12.5(6,19.5); ICU:64%; Mortaliy:21%]. 64% of patients had thoracic injuries, which was consistent among the three groups. Group 3 had most frequent ECG (61%) and echocardiography (25%) findings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Troponin elevation occurs in 7% of all trauma admissions and it identifies the seriously injured high-risk cohort. The timing of the maximum Troponin concentration seems to describe three distinct phenotypes. \u201cHyperacute\u201d with most favourable outcomes, \u201cSubacute\u201d with severe trauma and tissue injury requiring major resource utilisation and associated with the highest mortality rate, and \u201cLate\u201d characterised by ECG and ECHO changes suggesting primary ischaemic cardiac pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-025-02798-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T12:16:06Z","timestamp":1740744966000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Epidemiology of myocardial injury in trauma patients: proposed phenotypes for future research"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2032-5329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jett","family":"Karolewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8871-9675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodie-Kate","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9640-1647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2940-5947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Meakes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3489-6841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Gane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0277-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsolt J.","family":"Balogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2798_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-023-00504-9","author":"IP Kyriazidis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kyriazidis IP, Jakob DA, Vargas JAH, Franco OH, Degiannis E, Dorn P, Pouwels S, Patel B, Johnson I, Houdlen CJ, Whiteley GS, Head M, Lala A, Mumtaz H, Soler JA, Mellor K, Rawaf D, Ahmed AR, Ahmad SJS, Exadaktylos A. Accuracy of diagnostic tests in cardiac injury after Blunt chest trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Emerg Surg. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13017-023-00504-9.","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"2798_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000190249.19668.37","author":"M Martin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martin M, Mullenix P, Rhee P, Belzberg H, Demetriades D, Salim A. Troponin increases in the critically injured patient: mechanical trauma or physiologic stress? J Trauma. 2005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ta.0000190249.19668.37.","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2798_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.1038","author":"K Thygesen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thygesen K, Alpert J, Jaffe A, Chaitman B, Bax J, Morrow D, White H. Fourth Universal Definition of myocardial infarction. 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Incidence and significance of Cardiac Troponin I release in severe trauma patients. Anaesthesiology. 2004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000542-200412000-00004.","journal-title":"Anaesthesiology"},{"key":"2798_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-021-01846-2","author":"A Stroda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stroda A, Thelen S, M\u2019Pembele R, Adelowo A, Jaekel C, Schiffner E, Bieler D, Bernhard M, Huhn R, Buse G, Roth S. Incidence and prognosis of myocardial injury in patients with severe trauma. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-021-01846-2.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"2798_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.12.037","author":"T Keskpaik","year":"2020","unstructured":"Keskpaik T, Starkopf J, Kirsimagi U, Mihnovits V, Lomp A, Raamat EM, Saar S, Talving P. The role of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin on outcomes following severe blunt chest trauma. 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