{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:58:12Z","timestamp":1784260692816,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Traumatic anterior hip dislocation is a severe but poorly studied injury. This study aimed to analyze characteristics, risk factors and prognostic factors regarding long-term morbidity and outcomes in patients who had sustained traumatic anterior hip dislocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Demographics, injury mechanism, and treatment-related characteristics of patients with anterior hip dislocations at three level-one trauma centers from 2009\u20132023 were analyzed. Acetabular and femoral morphology were assessed using CT scans to identify anatomical risk factors. Incidence of avascular necrosis (AVN), post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), further complications, return to work and sports, and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs), including Tegner Activity Scale (TAS) and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) were recorded at the follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 196 patients with traumatic hip dislocations, 19 anterior dislocations (12 iliac anterosuperior and 7 obturator) were identified. Ipsilateral knee injuries occurred in 36.8%, and 73.7% had concomitant femoral head or acetabular rim fractures. Obturator dislocations were commonly simple dislocations, while iliac dislocations involved more complex associated fractures often requiring surgery. Acetabular anteversion and cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) were identified as risk factors. Twelve patients (63%) were available for follow-up (mean 8.33\u2009\u00b1\u20095.05\u00a0years). The majority demonstrated good to excellent mHHS (mean 86.9), and minimal TAS decrease (5.33 to 4.67). AVN was not observed, and only one patient required hip arthroplasty following PTOA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anterior hip dislocations commonly result from high-energy \u201cdashboard\" injuries, with acetabular anteversion and cam-type FAI morphology being contributing risk factors. Long-term functional outcomes were favorable, with low rates of avascular necrosis or osteoarthritis, independent of type and complexity of the dislocation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-025-02885-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]],"date-time":"2025-05-17T03:10:24Z","timestamp":1747451424000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk factors and long-term outcomes in anterior iliac and obturator hip dislocation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8224-2414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Jaecker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Regenbogen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"M\u00e4rdian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanno","family":"Brinkema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"St\u00f6ckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Shafizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2885_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-020-01495-x","volume":"48","author":"S Milenkovic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Milenkovic S, Mitkovic M, Mitkovic M. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head after traumatic posterior hip dislocation with and without acetabular fracture. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022;48(1):613\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2885_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.23.00660","volume":"106","author":"V Jaecker","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jaecker V, et al. Intermediate to Long-Term Results Following Traumatic Hip Dislocation: Characteristics, CT-Based Analysis, and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2024;106(4):346\u201352.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"9","key":"2885_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-011-1299-0","volume":"131","author":"JD Bastian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bastian JD, et al. Long-term outcome after traumatic anterior dislocation of the hip. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2011;131(9):1273\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"2885_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.03.007","volume":"52","author":"RD Wojahn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wojahn RD, et al. Anterior Hip Dislocation: Characterization of a Rare Injury and Predictors of Functional Outcome. Injury. 2021;52(8):2327\u201332.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"2885_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.165.5.7572506","volume":"165","author":"RE Erb","year":"1995","unstructured":"Erb RE, et al. Traumatic anterior dislocation of the hip: spectrum of plain film and CT findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995;165(5):1215\u20139.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2885_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2023.111252","volume":"55","author":"J Tarchichi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tarchichi J, et al. Anterior hip dislocation: A current concepts review and proposal of management algorithm. Injury. 2024;55(2): 111252.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"2885_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1177\/1120700020918868","volume":"31","author":"LS Yaari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yaari LS, et al. Medium-term outcome and classification of traumatic anterior hip dislocations. Hip Int. 2021;31(6):812\u20139.","journal-title":"Hip Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"2885_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-01951-w","volume":"48","author":"A Enocson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Enocson A, Wolf O. Pipkin fractures: epidemiology and outcome. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022;48(5):4113\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"2885_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.23.00905","volume":"106","author":"S Regenbogen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Regenbogen S, et al. Femoroacetabular Variations Are Predisposing Factors for Traumatic Posterior Hip Dislocation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2024;106:1000.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"2885_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000000514","volume":"477","author":"EN Novais","year":"2019","unstructured":"Novais EN, et al. Acetabular Retroversion and Decreased Posterior Coverage Are Associated With Sports-related Posterior Hip Dislocation in Adolescents. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2019;477(5):1101\u20138.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2885_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-2863-4","volume":"471","author":"SD Steppacher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Steppacher SD, et al. Femoroacetabular impingement predisposes to traumatic posterior hip dislocation. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013;471(6):1937\u201343.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2885_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-02072-0","volume":"49","author":"T Graulich","year":"2023","unstructured":"Graulich T, et al. Posterior acetabular wall morphology is an independent risk factor that affects the occurrence of acetabular wall fracture in patients with traumatic, posterior hip dislocation. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2023;49(1):343\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2885_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027-42 passim","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195739050-00004","volume":"39","author":"G Pipkin","year":"1957","unstructured":"Pipkin G. Treatment of grade IV fracture-dislocation of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1957;39(5):1027-42 passim.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"2885_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508330149","volume":"37","author":"KK Briggs","year":"2009","unstructured":"Briggs KK, et al. Lysholm score and Tegner activity level in individuals with normal knees. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(5):898\u2013901.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2885_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1054\/arth.2001.23716","volume":"16","author":"NN Mahomed","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mahomed NN, et al. The Harris hip score: comparison of patient self-report with surgeon assessment. J Arthroplasty. 2001;16(5):575\u201380.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"Suppl 11","key":"2885_CR16","first-page":"S200","volume":"63","author":"A Nilsdotter","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nilsdotter A, Bremander A. Measures of hip function and symptoms: Harris Hip Score (HHS), Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), Oxford Hip Score (OHS), Lequesne Index of Severity for Osteoarthritis of the Hip (LISOH), and American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) Hip and Knee Questionnaire. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011;63(Suppl 11):S200\u20137.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"12","key":"2885_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3774","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-2895-9","volume":"471","author":"KA Siebenrock","year":"2013","unstructured":"Siebenrock KA, et al. Valgus hip with high antetorsion causes pain through posterior extraarticular FAI. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013;471(12):3774\u201380.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2885_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33(1):159\u201374.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"2885_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2299","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516651119","volume":"44","author":"SW Mayer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mayer SW, et al. Femoroacetabular Impingement Is Associated With Sports-Related Posterior Hip Instability in Adolescents: A Matched-Cohort Study. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44(9):2299\u2013303.","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2885_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-024-05595-w","volume":"144","author":"V Jaecker","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jaecker V, et al. Acetabular retroversion and cam morphology are contributing risk factors for posterior hip dislocation independent of the trauma mechanism. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2024;144(11):5013\u201320.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"2885_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3390","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2468-3","volume":"470","author":"AJ Krych","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krych AJ, et al. Is posterior hip instability associated with cam and pincer deformity? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012;470(12):3390\u20137.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-025-02885-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00068-025-02885-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-025-02885-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T08:55:55Z","timestamp":1773824155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00068-025-02885-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2885"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-025-02885-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-9933","1863-9941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-9933","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-9941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2026","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This article was originally published under the subscription model but it is now published under an Open Access license.","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"205"}}