{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:25:46Z","timestamp":1784546746928,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018936","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018936","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The incidence of non-unions of the forearm following conservative or surgical treatment of forearm fractures ranges from 2% to 5.3%. These non-unions can lead to significant limitations in the patient\u2019s physical capabilities, necessitating an appropriate treatment plan. The aim of this study was to evaluate osseous consolidation of forearm non-unions after six months and one year as well as to assess patient-reported outcomes. A total of 36 patients with non-unions of the forearm, operatively treated in our department between 01\/10 and 12\/21, completed the follow-up period for this study. Radiographic evaluation was performed using the modified Lane-Sandhu Score. Osseous consolidation was assessed at six and 12 months postoperatively. Additionally, patient-reported outcomes and variations of surgical treatment were analysed. The prevalence of non-unions in our study was 30.56% for the ulna, 50% for the radius, and 19.44% for both bones. 85% of patients received bone grafts, with 48% receiving cortico-cancellous bone grafts (CCBG) and 52% receiving cancellous bone from the iliac crest or femur. In total, 67% of patients demonstrated consolidation of the non-union within six months of surgical treatment, increasing to 89% after one year. Among patients who received CCBG, 86% showed consolidation at six months, rising to 100% at one year. Additionally, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including VAS and SF-12 scores, showed overall improvement. A sufficiently long follow-up period is crucial for patients with forearm non-unions. To ensure consolidation, a follow-up period of at least six months to one year is recommended. Furthermore, the use of cortico-cancellous bone grafting combined with locking compression plates (LCP) appears to be an effective technique, providing stability during the healing process and achieving satisfactory bone healing one year postoperatively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-025-03024-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T12:03:50Z","timestamp":1764072230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Surgical treatment of non-unions in the ulna and radius: a one-year outcome study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Findeisen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katinka","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Ferbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Grossner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim Niklas","family":"Bewersdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Schamberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Schmidmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica Carina","family":"B\u00f6pple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"3024_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199906000-00011","volume":"46","author":"SY Wei","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wei SY, et al. 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