{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:37:59Z","timestamp":1792067879557,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006254","name":"Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006254","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tibial plateau fractures (TPF) involving the articular surface are among the most severe joint injuries of the lower extremities. The effect of precise reduction of TPF on postoperative outcomes remains uncertain. While several studies have emphasized the importance of restoring articular congruity, others have reported limited correlation between radiographic parameters and long-term function, leaving it unclear which aspects of reduction truly drive functional recovery. This study aims to evaluate and correlate postoperative CT scan parameters of patients who underwent ORIF for TPF with patient reported outcomes at 6 years post-surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study with cross-sectional outcome assessment was conducted on patients who underwent ORIF for tibial plateau fractures between 2016 and 2019. Patients without postoperative CT or lost to follow-up were excluded. Pre- and postoperative CT scans were analyzed for articular depression, plateau tilt, condylar widening, and posterior tibial slope. Patient-reported outcomes, including the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), were obtained and correlated with CT findings to identify predictors of poor outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 71 patients, 49 were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 51.6 years; 26 (53%) were men and 23 (47%) women. The mean follow-up was 6 years. The mean WOMAC and KOOS scores were 36.7\u2009\u00b1\u200919.1 and 58.9\u2009\u00b1\u200918.9, respectively. A post-operative articular step-off of \u2265\u20092.5\u00a0mm was significantly associated with worse WOMAC scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). Other radiologic parameters, including condylar widening, tibial plateau tilt, and articular depression, showed no significant correlation with WOMAC or KOOS scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A postoperative step-off deformity exceeding 2.5\u00a0mm on postoperative CT scans significantly impacts the mid-term functional outcome of patients undergoing ORIF after TPF, as evidenced by poorer WOMAC scores. This study emphasizes the importance of accurate TPF reduction to optimize patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-025-03027-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T12:26:29Z","timestamp":1765455989000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association between articular surface depression and functional outcomes after ORIF of tibial plateau fractures: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Saad","family":"Madi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Said","family":"Chotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Abou","family":"Fadel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamad Y","family":"Fares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Zeichen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"3027_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1147-4","author":"Z Song","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song Z, et al. Failure analysis of primary surgery and therapeutic strategy of revision surgery for complex tibial plateau fractures. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-019-1147-4.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"3027_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.04.029","volume":"47","author":"CW Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim CW, et al. Predictors of reduction loss in tibial plateau fracture surgery: focusing on posterior coronal fractures. Injury. 2016;47(7):1483\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2016.04.029.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"6","key":"3027_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.22038\/abjs.2021.52884.2629","volume":"9","author":"SM Aghamiri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aghamiri SM, Sarzaeem MM, Shahrezaee M, Omidian M, Omrani FA. Outcomes of tibial plateau fracture surgical fixation: a comparative study between younger and older age groups. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2021;9(6):647\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22038\/abjs.2021.52884.2629.","journal-title":"Arch Bone Jt Surg"},{"key":"3027_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-023-07585-8","author":"DJ Haslhofer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Haslhofer DJ, Kraml N, Winkler PW, Gotterbarm T, Klasan A. Risk for total knee arthroplasty after tibial plateau fractures: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-023-07585-8.","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"1","key":"3027_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-015-3206-9","volume":"45","author":"TM Kraus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kraus TM, Freude T, St\u00f6ckle U, Stuby FM. Outcome und Komplikationen nach proximalen Tibiafrakturen. Orthopade. 2016;45(1):24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00132-015-3206-9.","journal-title":"Orthopade"},{"key":"3027_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2343-9","author":"H Chang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chang H, Zheng Z, Yu Y, Shao J, Zhang Y. The use of bidirectional rapid reductor in minimally invasive treatment of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures: preliminary radiographic and clinical results. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-018-2343-9.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"3027_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"RC05","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/18732.7855","volume":"10","author":"N Rohra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rohra N, Suri HS, Gangrade K. Functional and radiological outcome of Schatzker type V and VI tibial plateau fracture treatment with dual plates with minimum 3 years follow-up: a prospective study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(5):RC05-RC10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/18732.7855.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"3027_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.10.040","author":"JB Arnold","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arnold JB, et al. Characteristics of postoperative weight bearing and management protocols for tibial plateau fractures: findings from a scoping review. Injury. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2017.10.040.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"10","key":"3027_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.07.016","volume":"48","author":"D Kugelman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kugelman D, Qatu A, Haglin J, Leucht P, Konda S, Egol K. Complications and unplanned outcomes following operative treatment of tibial plateau fractures. Injury. 2017;48(10):2221\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2017.07.016.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"10","key":"3027_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.06.039","volume":"49","author":"M Williamson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Williamson M, Iliopoulos E, Jain A, Ebied W, Trompeter A. Immediate weight bearing after plate fixation of fractures of the tibial plateau. Injury. 2018;49(10):1886\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2018.06.039.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"3027_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kitchen DS, Richards J, Smitham PJ, Atkins GJ, Solomon LB. Does time to theatre affect the ability to achieve fracture reduction in tibial plateau fractures? J Clin Med. Jan. 2022;11(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11010138.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11010138"},{"issue":"3","key":"3027_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s43465-021-00512-4","volume":"56","author":"L Milani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Milani L, Ferrari S. Importance of CT scan in predicting the outcomes of tibial plateau fractures: a retrospective study of 216 patients over 10 years\u2019 time. Indian J Orthop. 2022;56(3):377\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43465-021-00512-4.","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"key":"3027_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beisemann N, et al. Intraoperative 3D imaging leads to substantial revision rate in management of tibial plateau fractures in 559 cases. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019;14(1):236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-019-1286-7.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1286-7"},{"key":"3027_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bormann M, et al. Mismatch between Clinical\u2013Functional and radiological outcome in tibial plateau fractures: A retrospective study. J Clin Med. 2023;12(17). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12175583.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12175583"},{"issue":"10","key":"3027_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00113-016-0234-9","volume":"119","author":"KH Frosch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Frosch KH, et al. Posttraumatische Deformit\u00e4ten am Kniegelenk: Intraartikul\u00e4re Korrekturosteotomien nach fehlverheilter Tibiakopffraktur. Unfallchirurg. 2016;119(10):859\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00113-016-0234-9.","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"3027_CR16","unstructured":"Honkonen SE. Indications for Surgical Treatment of Tibia1 Condyle Fractures."},{"issue":"6","key":"3027_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2019.08.018","volume":"53","author":"J Liangjun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liangjun J, Qiang Z, Zhijun P, Li H. Revision strategy for malunited tibial plateau fracture caused by failure of initial treatment. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2019;53(6):432\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aott.2019.08.018.","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"key":"3027_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-007-0520-7","author":"D Mahadeva","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mahadeva D, Costa ML, Gaffey A. Open reduction and internal fixation versus hybrid fixation for bicondylar\/severe tibial plateau fractures: a systematic review of the literature. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-007-0520-7.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"3027_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1177\/1457496914520854","volume":"103","author":"M Parkkinen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Parkkinen M, Madanat R, Mustonen A, Koskinen SK, Paavola M, Lindahl J. Factors predicting the development of early osteoarthritis following lateral tibial plateau fractures: mid-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of 73 operatively treated patients. Scand J Surg. 2014;103(4):256\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1457496914520854.","journal-title":"Scand J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3027_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-013-1308-9","volume":"24","author":"SP Patange Subba Rao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Patange Subba Rao SP, Lewis J, Haddad Z, Paringe V, Mohanty K. Three-column classification and Schatzker classification: a three- and two-dimensional computed tomography characterisation and analysis of tibial plateau fractures. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2014;24(7):1263\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00590-013-1308-9.","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"3027_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Scott CEH, Davidson E, Macdonald DJ, White TO, Keating JF. Total knee arthroplasty following tibial plateau fracture a matched cohort study.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.97B4","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B4"},{"key":"3027_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-16-00565","author":"I Stevenson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stevenson I, McMillan TE, Baliga S, Schemitsch EH. Primary and secondary total knee arthroplasty for tibial plateau fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/JAAOS-D-16-00565.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"3027_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Unno F, et al. Is early definitive fixation of bicondylar tibial plateau fractures safe? An observational cohort study. in Journal of orthopaedic trauma. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2017;151\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000779.","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000779"},{"issue":"3","key":"3027_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1324807","volume":"26","author":"AM Urruela","year":"2013","unstructured":"Urruela AM, Davidovitch R, Karia R, Khurana S, Egol KA. Results following operative treatment of tibial plateau fractures. J Knee Surg. 2013;26(3):161\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0032-1324807.","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"3027_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2016.04.026","volume":"47","author":"Y Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang Y. et al. Injury. 2016;47(7):1488\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2016.04.026.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"3027_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000762","volume":"31","author":"N Singleton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singleton N, Sahakian V, Muir D. Outcome after tibial plateau fracture: how important is restoration of articular congruity? J Orthop Trauma. 2017;31(3):158\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000762.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"3","key":"3027_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.12.053","volume":"53","author":"S Oeckenp\u00f6hler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oeckenp\u00f6hler S, Domnick C, Raschke MJ, M\u00fcller M, W\u00e4hnert D, K\u00f6sters C. A lateral fracture step-off of 2mm increases intra-articular pressure following tibial plateau fracture. Injury. 2022;53(3):1254\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2021.12.053.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"3027_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2022.12.008","volume":"29","author":"K Shimizu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shimizu K. et al. J Orthop Sci. 2024;29(1):286\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jos.2022.12.008.","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3027_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2018.12.016","volume":"16","author":"S Thiagarajah","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thiagarajah S, Hancock GE, Mills EJ, McGregor-Riley JC, Royston SL, Dennison MG. Malreduction of tibial articular width in bicondylar tibial plateau fractures treated with circular external fixation is associated with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. J Orthop. 2019;16(1):91\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jor.2018.12.016.","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"key":"3027_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2019.04.007","volume":"11","author":"DXF Hap","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hap DXF, Kwek EBK. Functional outcomes after surgical treatment of tibial plateau fractures. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2020;11:S11\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcot.2019.04.007.","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"3027_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200205000-00006","volume":"16","author":"AM Ali","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ali AM, El-Shafie M, Willett KM. Failure of fixation of tibial plateau fractures. J Orthop Trauma. 2002;16(5):323\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00005131-200205000-00006.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"12","key":"3027_CR32","first-page":"1833","volume":"15","author":"N Bellamy","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bellamy N, Buchanan WW, Goldsmith CH, Campbell J, Stitt LW. Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J Rheumatol. 1988;15(12):1833\u201340.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3027_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.2.88","volume":"28","author":"EM Roos","year":"1998","unstructured":"Roos EM, Roos HP, Lohmander LS, Ekdahl C, Beynnon BD. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS)\u2014development of a self-administered outcome measure. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;28(2):88\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.2.88.","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"3027_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31802c5b51","volume":"21","author":"MV Rademakers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rademakers MV, Kerkhoffs GMMJ, Sierevelt IN, Raaymakers ELFB, Marti RK. Operative treatment of 109 tibial plateau fractures: five- to 27-year follow-up results. J Orthop Trauma. 2007;21(1):5\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31802c5b51.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"8","key":"3027_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2015.05.035","volume":"46","author":"RLM Van Dreumel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Dreumel RLM, Van Wunnik BPW, Janssen L, Simons PCG, Janzing HMJ. Mid- to long-term functional outcome after open reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fractures. Injury. 2015;46(8):1608\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2015.05.035.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"3027_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.27183","author":"GAS Sidhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sidhu GAS, Hind J, Ashwood N, Kaur H, Bridgwater H, Rajagopalan S. Systematic review of current approaches to tibia plateau: best clinical evidence. Cureus Jul. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.27183.","journal-title":"Cureus Jul"},{"issue":"7","key":"3027_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197355070-00001","volume":"55","author":"PS Rasmussen","year":"1973","unstructured":"Rasmussen PS. Tibial condylar fractures. Impairment of knee joint stability as an indication for surgical treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1973;55(7):1331\u201350.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"3027_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2010.08.003","volume":"41","author":"PV Giannoudis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Giannoudis PV, Tzioupis C, Papathanassopoulos A, Obakponovwe O, Roberts C. Articular step-off and risk of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Evidence today. Injury. 2010;41(10):986\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.injury.2010.08.003.","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"3027_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1138274","author":"P Gahr","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gahr P, Kopf S, Pauly S. Current concepts review. Management of proximal tibial fractures. Front Media S A. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1138274.","journal-title":"Front Media S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"3027_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2014.01.008","volume":"21","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang Y, et al. Measurement and comparison of tibial posterior slope angle in different methods based on three-dimensional reconstruction. Knee. 2014;21(3):694\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knee.2014.01.008.","journal-title":"Knee"},{"issue":"9","key":"3027_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s43465-023-00960-0","volume":"57","author":"M Fakoor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fakoor M, Hanafi MG, Mohammadhoseini P, Variani M, Moradi M. Determination of posterior tibial slope changes after tibial plateau fracture fixation: a retrospective case series. Indian J Orthop. 2023;57(9):1485\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43465-023-00960-0.","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"3027_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s00142-020-00416-9","volume":"34","author":"C Gwinner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gwinner C, Weiler A, Plachel F. Normalwerte \u2013 Wie bestimme ich den tibialen Slope richtig? Arthroskopie. 2021;34(1):10\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00142-020-00416-9.","journal-title":"Arthroskopie"},{"issue":"10","key":"3027_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-019-03200-z","volume":"139","author":"M Krause","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krause M, Kr\u00fcger S, M\u00fcller G, P\u00fcschel K, Frosch KH. How can the articular surface of the tibial plateau be best exposed? A comparison of specific surgical approaches. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2019;139(10):1369\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-019-03200-z.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"3027_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000569","volume":"30","author":"M Krause","year":"2016","unstructured":"Krause M, Preiss A, Meenen NM, Madert J, Frosch KH. \u2018Fracturoscopy\u2019 is superior to fluoroscopy in the articular reconstruction of complex tibial plateau fractures - an arthroscopy assisted fracture reduction technique. J Orthop Trauma. 2016;30(8):437\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000569.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"3027_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-020-01422-0","volume":"46","author":"K-H Frosch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Frosch K-H, Korthaus A, Thiesen D, Frings J, Krause M. The concept of direct approach to lateral tibial plateau fractures and stepwise extension as needed. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2020;46(6):1211\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-020-01422-0.","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"3027_CR46","unstructured":"Hackl W, Riedl J, Reichkendler \u00b7M, Benedetto K-P, Freund M, Bale \u00b7R. Originalien The value of preoperative CT-Diagnosis in tibia plateau fractures."},{"issue":"8","key":"3027_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes043","volume":"51","author":"NF Woolacott","year":"2012","unstructured":"Woolacott NF, Corbett MS, Rice SJC. The use and reporting of WOMAC in the assessment of the benefit of physical therapies for the pain of osteoarthritis of the knee: findings from a systematic review of clinical trials. Rheumatology. 2012;51(8):1440\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes043.","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"3027_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.03.010","volume":"24","author":"NJ Collins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Collins NJ, Prinsen CAC, Christensen R, Bartels EM, Terwee CB, Roos EM. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS): systematic review and meta-analysis of measurement properties. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2016;24(8):1317\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joca.2016.03.010.","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-025-03027-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00068-025-03027-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00068-025-03027-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T11:06:31Z","timestamp":1770721591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00068-025-03027-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-025-03027-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-9933","1863-9941"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-9933","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-9941","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"357"}}