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Erlenwein: Speakers fees paid by Gr\u00fcnenthal, Aachen\/Germany, and Braun Melsungen, Melsungen\/Germany; German Society for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI, Nuremberg\/Germany), member of the working party on pain medicine; German Pain Society, Berlin\/Germany, spokesperson for the working party on acute pain, member of the ad hoc commission on certification, working party on back pain. W. Mei\u00dfner: Speakers fees paid by Bionorica, BioQ-Pharma, TAD, Mundipharma int., Menarini, Gr\u00fcnenthal; DGAI\u00a02. spokesperson for the working party on pain medicine; German Pain Society\u2014member of the executive committee. F. Petzke: German Pain Society\u2014member of the permanent advisory council, working party on pain medicine; German Society for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI, Nuremberg\/Germany), member of the working party on pain medicine. E. Pogatzki-Zahn (past 5\u00a0years): Speakers fees paid by Gr\u00fcnenthal, Mundipharma, MSD and MERCK Sharp and Dome, Braun; TAD-Pharma, consulting fees (advisory board\/consulting) paid by Gr\u00fcnenthal, Mundipharma, JanssenCilag, AcelRx, MSD and MERCK Sharp and Dome, Fresenius Kabi, Trials (third-party funds WWU): Mundipharma and Gr\u00fcnenthal; International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP, Washington DC, USA): Council member; Chair IASP Acute Pain Special Interest Group, PRF (Pain Research Forum) editorial board; German Society for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI, Nuremberg\/Germany), recording clerk for and member of the working party on pain medicine, lead appointee to the acute pain guideline; German Pain Society, Berlin\/Germany: member of the executive committee (recording clerk), spokesperson for the research commission, member of the ad hoc commission on certification, member ad hoc specialization, advisory board member for Pain2020, member of the working party on acute pain; European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA): Chair subcommittee\u00a08 (acute and chronic pain and palliative care); Member of the working group \u201cProspect\u201d (ExternalRef removed). U. Stamer: Speakers fees paid by Gr\u00fcnenthal, Syntetica; German Pain Society, Berlin\/Germany, spokesperson for the working party on acute pain. W. Koppert: German Society for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI)\u2014executive committee\u2014spokesperson for the working party on pain medicine; German Pain Society\u2014executive committee (spokesperson for the expert advisory committee); Advisory board Gr\u00fcnenthal, Aachen\/Germany Product: Zalviso; Lecturing for Gr\u00fcnenthal, CSL Behring; Departmental partnerships, without personal emolument: Dr\u00e4ger, L\u00fcbeck\/Germany (respiratory technologies); Storz, Tuttlingen\/Germany (airway management); Abbott, Wiesbaden\/Germany (simulation).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. 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