{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:27:46Z","timestamp":1772252866063,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008967","name":"Philipps-Universit\u00e4t Marburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008967","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anaesthesist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Sympathomimetic drugs are a\u00a0therapeutic cornerstone for the management of hypotensive states like intraoperative hypotension (IOH). While cafedrine\/theodrenaline (C\/T) is widely used in Germany to restore blood pressure in patients with IOH, more research is required to compare its effectiveness with alternatives such as ephedrine\u00a0(E) that are more commonly available internationally.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>HYPOTENS (NCT02893241, DRKS00010740) was a\u00a0prospective, national, multicenter, open-label, two-armed, non-interventional study that compared C\/T with E for treatment of IOH. We describe a\u00a0prospectively defined cohort of patients \u226550\u00a0years old with comorbidities undergoing general anesthesia induced with propofol and fentanyl. Primary objectives were to examine treatment precision, rapidity of onset and the ability to restore blood pressure without relevant increases in heart rate. Secondary endpoints were treatment satisfaction and the number of required additional boluses or other accompanying measures.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A\u00a0total of 1496 patients were included in the per protocol analysis. Overall, effective stabilization of blood pressure was achieved with both C\/T and\u00a0E. Post-hoc  analysis showed that blood pressure increase from baseline was more pronounced with C\/T. Fewer additional boluses or other accompanying measures were required in the C\/T arm. The incidence of tachycardia was comparable between groups.  Post-hoc analysis showed that E produced dose-dependent elevated heart rate values. By contrast, heart rate remained stable in patients treated with C\/T. Physicians reported a\u00a0higher level of treatment satisfaction with C\/T, with a\u00a0higher proportion of anesthetists rating treatment precision and rapidity of onset as good or very good when compared with\u00a0E.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Neither drug was superior in restoring blood pressure levels; however, post-hoc analyses suggested that treatment is more goal-orientated and easier to control with C\/T. Heart rate was shown to be more stable with C\/T and fewer additional interventions were required to restore blood pressure, which could have contributed to the increased treatment satisfaction reported by anesthetists using C\/T.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00101-020-00877-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T11:06:24Z","timestamp":1605006384000},"page":"298-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Treatment of intraoperative hypotension with cafedrine\/theodrenaline versus ephedrine","Therapie der intraoperativen Hypotonie mit Cafedrin\/Theodrenalin vs. 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G.\u00a0Geldner and T.\u00a0Koch have received consulting fees from ratiopharm GmbH and support ongoing research by ratiopharm. S.\u00a0Huljic is an employee of ratiopharm GmbH. T.\u00a0Keller and S.\u00a0Weber were subcontractors of the contract research organization commissioned by the study sponsor (Mediveritas GmbH, Munich). P. Kranke has received lecturing fees from ratiopharm GmbH (part of the Teva Group) as well as from Sintetica and supports ongoing research from ratiopharm. All study centers received compensation for each recruited and documented patient (\u20ac\u202f150 per case). All remaining authors (A.\u00a0Kowark, T.-P.\u00a0Zucker, S.\u00a0Kreuer and M.\u00a0Przemeck) declare no other conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants or on human tissue were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1975 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The leading ethics committee at the Philipps University of Marburg granted approval for the study on 15 April 2016 (Az.\u00a014\/16).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}