{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:07:51Z","timestamp":1791986871728,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bayerisches Landesamt f\u00fcr Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit (LGL)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bundesgesundheitsbl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Hintergrund<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Das Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreening (NHS) wurde 2009 durch den Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss (G-BA) mit Aufnahme in die Kinder-Richtlinie bundesweit eingef\u00fchrt. Dabei wurden in der Kinder-Richtlinie auch Qualit\u00e4tsziele festgelegt. Um die Qualit\u00e4t des NHS in Deutschland zu \u00fcberpr\u00fcfen, hat der G\u2011BA eine Bietergemeinschaft mit einer ersten Evaluation f\u00fcr die Jahre 2011\/2012 und einer Folge-Evaluation f\u00fcr 2017\/2018 beauftragt.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methoden<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Grundlage der Evaluationen waren Sammelstatistiken, die von allen geburtshilflichen und neonatologischen Abteilungen, als Leistungserbringer des NHS, gef\u00fchrt werden m\u00fcssen und ggf. in Kooperation mit H\u00f6rscreening-Zentralen (HSZ) erstellt werden. Zus\u00e4tzliche Daten wurden durch Frageb\u00f6gen und Interviews erhoben und durch Routinedaten erg\u00e4nzt, um den vollst\u00e4ndigen Screeningprozess zu evaluieren.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Ergebnisse<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In 13\u00a0Bundesl\u00e4ndern sind insgesamt 15\u00a0HSZ in den Screeningprozess eingebunden. Deutschlandweit wurde 2018 eine Screeningrate von 86,1\u202f% (2012: 82,4\u202f%) dokumentiert, die sich deutlich zwischen den Bundesl\u00e4ndern unterschied. Die vorgegebenen Qualit\u00e4tsziele konnten noch nicht \u00fcberall umgesetzt werden. So erreichten nur knapp die H\u00e4lfte der Geburtsabteilungen die angestrebte Screeningrate von \u00fcber 95\u202f%. Beim Vergleich der Folge-Evaluation mit den Daten der ersten Evaluation konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die Strukturqualit\u00e4t des NHS verbessert hatte, w\u00e4hrend die Prozessqualit\u00e4t eher gleich blieb oder schlechter geworden war, verdeutlicht insbesondere durch einen Anstieg der Refer-Rate (Kinder, die mit einem auff\u00e4lligen Befund entlassen wurden) von 5,3\u202f% auf 6,0\u202f%.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Diskussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Zur Verbesserung der Qualit\u00e4t des NHS sollten fl\u00e4chendeckend HSZ etabliert und \u2013\u00a0wie in der Richtlinie vorgesehen\u00a0\u2013 bei auff\u00e4lligem Erstscreening ein zweites Screening noch vor Entlassung konsequenter durchgef\u00fchrt werden.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-023-03779-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T15:02:32Z","timestamp":1697468552000},"page":"1259-1267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreening in Deutschland\u00a0\u2013 Ergebnisse der Evaluationen 2011\/2012 und 2017\/2018","Newborn hearing screening in Germany\u2014results of the 2011\/2012 and 2017\/2018 evaluations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Inken","family":"Brockow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"S\u00f6hl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Hanauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Hei\u00dfenhuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Marzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette","family":"am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Matulat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Mansmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uta","family":"Nennstiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"3779_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1159\/000095004","volume":"58","author":"K Neumann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Neumann\u00a0K, Gross\u00a0M, Bottcher\u00a0P, Euler\u00a0HA, Spormann-Lagodzinski\u00a0M, Polzer\u00a0M (2006) Effectiveness and efficiency of a\u00a0universal newborn hearing screening in Germany. Folia Phoniatr Logop 58:440\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000095004","journal-title":"Folia Phoniatr Logop"},{"key":"3779_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.151217","volume":"94","author":"DC McCann","year":"2009","unstructured":"McCann\u00a0DC, Worsfold\u00a0S, Law\u00a0CM et\u00a0al (2009) Reading and communication skills after universal newborn screening for permanent childhood hearing impairment. Arch Dis Child 94:293\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2008.151217","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"3779_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-301501","volume":"97","author":"H Pimperton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pimperton\u00a0H, Kennedy\u00a0CR (2012) The impact of early identification of permanent childhood hearing impairment on speech and language outcomes. Arch Dis Child 97:648\u2013653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2011-301501","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"3779_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.151092","volume":"95","author":"R Wolff","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wolff\u00a0R, Hommerich\u00a0J, Riemsma\u00a0R, Antes\u00a0G, Lange\u00a0S, Kleijnen\u00a0J (2010) Hearing screening in newborns: systematic review of accuracy, effectiveness, and effects of interventions after screening. Arch Dis Child 95:130\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2008.151092","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"3779_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10132784","author":"C Yoshinaga-Itano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yoshinaga-Itano\u00a0C, Manchaiah\u00a0V, Hunnicutt\u00a0C (2021) Outcomes of universal newborn screening programs: systematic review. J\u00a0Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10132784","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"3779_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1501","author":"AMH Korver","year":"2010","unstructured":"Korver\u00a0AMH et\u00a0al (2010) Newborn hearing screening vs later hearing screening and developmental outcomes in children with permanent childhood hearing impairment. JAMA. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2010.1501","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3779_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1017\/s002221510014294x","volume":"112","author":"F Grandori","year":"1998","unstructured":"Grandori\u00a0F (1998) European consensus statement on neonatal hearing screening. J\u00a0Laryngol Otol 112:1219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s002221510014294x","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"3779_CR8","unstructured":"Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss Richtlinie des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses \u00fcber die Fr\u00fcherkennung von Krankheiten bei Kindern (Kinder-Richtlinie). https:\/\/www.g-ba.de\/downloads\/62-492-3190\/Kinder-RL_2023-05-12_iK-2023-07-13.pdf. Zugegriffen: 18. Apr 2023"},{"key":"3779_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1306-0158","author":"K S\u00f6hl","year":"2021","unstructured":"S\u00f6hl\u00a0K, Brockow\u00a0I, Matulat\u00a0P, Zehnhoff-Dinnesen\u00a0A, Mansmann\u00a0U, Nennstiel\u00a0U (2021) Evaluation eines Screening-Programms: Herausforderungen der Datenerhebung am Beispiel des Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreenings (Evaluation of a\u00a0Screening Program: Challenges of Data Collection Using the Example of the Newborn Hearing Screening). Gesundheitswesen. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/a-1306-0158","journal-title":"Gesundheitswesen"},{"key":"3779_CR10","unstructured":"Milupa Milupa Geburtenhitliste 2018. Aktuelle Liste abrufbar unter: https:\/\/www.presseportal.de\/pm\/53080\/5417425. Zugegriffen: 5. Nov. 2021"},{"key":"3779_CR11","unstructured":"Nennstiel-Ratzel U, Brockow I, S\u00f6hl K et al Endbericht zur Evaluation des Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreenings 2011\/2012. https:\/\/www.g-ba.de\/downloads\/17-98-4329\/d6bf33f5b947fe0d46fc167b84c2d3f7\/2017-05-18_Kinder-RL_Annahme_Endbericht_NHS-Bericht.pdf. Zugegriffen: 25. Okt. 2021"},{"key":"3779_CR12","unstructured":"Nennstiel U, Brockow I, Hanauer M et al (2022) Endbericht zur Folge-Evaluation des Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreenings 2017\/2018. https:\/\/www.g-ba.de\/downloads\/40-268-9045\/2022-11-17_Kinder-RL_Abnahme-Endbericht-Folge-Evaluation-NHS_Bericht.pdf. Zugegriffen: 18. Apr. 2023"},{"key":"3779_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-010-1229-0","volume":"169","author":"A-K Rohlfs","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rohlfs\u00a0A\u2011K, Wiesner\u00a0T, Drews\u00a0H et al (2010) Interdisciplinary approach to design, performance, and quality management in a\u00a0multicenter newborn hearing screening project. Discussion of the results of newborn hearing screening in Hamburg (part II). Eur J Pediatr 169:1453\u20131463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-010-1229-0","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"3779_CR14","unstructured":"WHO (2020) Vorsorgeuntersuchung und Screening: ein kurzer Leitfaden. Wirksamkeit erh\u00f6hen, Nutzen maximieren und Schaden minimieren. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/330853\/9789289054805-ger.pdf. Zugegriffen: 12. Nov. 2021"},{"key":"3779_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-003-0973-0","volume":"51","author":"M Ptok","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ptok\u00a0M (2003) Grundlagen f\u00fcr das Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreening (Standard of Care). Stellungnahme der Interdisziplin\u00e4ren Konsensuskonferenz Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreening (IKKNHS) (Basic principles of neonatal hearing screening (standard of care). Position of the Interdisciplinary Neonatal Hearing Screening Consensus Conference). HNO 51:876\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00106-003-0973-0","journal-title":"HNO"},{"key":"3779_CR16","unstructured":"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Epidemiologie (DGEpi) (2018) Leitlinien und Empfehlungen zur Sicherung von Guter Epidemiologischer Praxis (GEP). https:\/\/www.dgepi.de\/de\/berichte-und-publikationen\/leitlinien-und-empfehlungen\/. Zugegriffen: 2. M\u00e4rz 2022"},{"key":"3779_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-014-2834-4","volume":"62","author":"I Brockow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brockow\u00a0I, Praetorius\u00a0M, Neumann\u00a0K et al (2014) Universelles Neugeborenen-H\u00f6rscreening: Definition einheitlicher Parameter durch den Verband Deutscher H\u00f6rscreening-Zentralen (VDHZ) als Voraussetzung f\u00fcr eine fl\u00e4chendeckende Evaluation mit validen Ergebnissen. HNO 62:165\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00106-014-2834-4","journal-title":"HNO"},{"key":"3779_CR18","unstructured":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Heidelberg Neugeborenen H\u00f6rscreening Trackingzentrale Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg. https:\/\/www.klinikum.uni-heidelberg.de\/fachliche-zentren\/dietmar-hopp-stoffwechselzentrum\/leistungsspektrum\/diagnostik\/neugeborenen-hoerscreening-trackingzentrale-baden-wuerttemberg. Zugegriffen: 18. Apr. 2023"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3779_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0354K","volume":"126","author":"SA Russ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Russ\u00a0SA, Hanna\u00a0D, DesGeorges\u00a0J, Forsman\u00a0I (2010) Improving follow-up to newborn hearing screening: a\u00a0learning-collaborative experience. Pediatrics 126(Suppl 1):S59\u2013S69. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2010-0354K","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"3779_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1080\/14992027.2021.1886351","volume":"60","author":"AR Mackey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mackey\u00a0AR, Buss\u00e9\u00a0AML, Hoeve\u00a0HLJ, Goedegebure\u00a0A, Goedegebure (2021) Assessment of hearing screening programmes across 47\u00a0countries or regions II: coverage, referral, follow-up and detection rates from newborn hearing screening. Int J Audiol 60(11):831\u2013840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14992027.2021.1886351","journal-title":"Int J Audiol"},{"key":"3779_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.08.016","volume":"90","author":"R Ravi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ravi\u00a0R, Gunjawate\u00a0DR, Yerraguntla\u00a0K, Lewis\u00a0LE, Driscoll\u00a0C, Rajashekhar\u00a0B (2016) Follow-up in newborn hearing screening\u2014A systematic review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 90:29\u201336","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"3779_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0b013e31829d7b57","volume":"20","author":"S Alam","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alam\u00a0S, Gaffney\u00a0M, Eichwald\u00a0J (2014) Improved newborn hearing screening follow-up results in more infants identified. J\u00a0Public Health Manag Pract 20:220\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHH.0b013e31829d7b57","journal-title":"J Public Health Manag Pract"},{"key":"3779_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4301","author":"LL Hunter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hunter\u00a0LL, Meinzen-Derr\u00a0J, Wiley\u00a0S, Horvath\u00a0CL, Kothari\u00a0R, Wexelblatt\u00a0S (2016) Influence of the WIC program on loss to follow-up for newborn hearing screening. Pediatrics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2015-4301","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3779_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-006-0381-1","volume":"29","author":"J Hewlett","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hewlett\u00a0J, Waisbren\u00a0SE (2006) A review of the psychosocial effects of false-positive results on parents and current communication practices in newborn screening. J\u00a0Inherit Metab Dis 29:677\u2013682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10545-006-0381-1","journal-title":"J Inherit Metab Dis"},{"key":"3779_CR25","unstructured":"Duphorn Handbuch_Hessen_NHS V1.2. https:\/\/cloud.kindervorsorgezentrum.com\/s\/RJqeAnZq4zWack4?dir=undefined&openfile=211656. Zugegriffen: 18. Apr. 2023"},{"key":"3779_CR26","volume-title":"Position statement: principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs 2019","author":"Joint committee on infant hearing Year","year":"2019","unstructured":"Joint committee on infant hearing Year (2019) Position statement: principles and guidelines for early hearing detection and intervention programs 2019"},{"key":"3779_CR27","unstructured":"GOV.UK (2022) Patient journey from screen to referral. Newborn hearing screening programme (NHSP) operational guidance. https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/newborn-hearing-screening-programme-nhsp-operational-guidance\/6-patient-journey-from-screen-to-referral. Zugegriffen: 18. Apr. 2023"},{"key":"3779_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3390\/ijns4030029","volume":"4","author":"P Matulat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matulat\u00a0P, Parfitt\u00a0R (2018) The newborn hearing screening programme in Germany. Int J Neonatal Screen 4:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijns4030029","journal-title":"Int J Neonatal Screen"},{"key":"3779_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7312.536","author":"H Fortnum","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fortnum\u00a0H (2001) Prevalence of permanent childhood hearing impairment in the United Kingdom and implications for universal neonatal hearing screening: questionnaire based ascertainment study. BMJ. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.323.7312.536","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3779_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(00)00401-8","volume":"56","author":"U Finckh-Kr\u00e4mer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Finckh-Kr\u00e4mer\u00a0U, Spormann-Lagodzinski\u00a0M, Gross\u00a0M (2000) German registry for hearing loss in children: results after 4\u00a0years. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 56:113\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0165-5876(00)00401-8","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"3779_CR31","unstructured":"GBE-Bund (2021) Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes: Lebendgeborene in Krankenh\u00e4usern. https:\/\/www.gbe-bund.de\/gbe\/!pkg_olap_tables.prc_set_page?p_uid=gast&p_aid=3561736&p_sprache=D&p_help=2&p_indnr=582&p_ansnr=96896054&p_version=16&D.422=28222. Zugegriffen: 8. Sept. 2021"},{"key":"3779_CR32","unstructured":"Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Qualit\u00e4t in der au\u00dferklinischen Geburtshilfe e.\u202fV. (2018) Microsoft Word \u2013 Bericht 2018_DRUCK_01.docx. https:\/\/www.quag.de\/downloads\/QUAG_bericht2018.pdf. Zugegriffen: 5. Nov. 2021"}],"container-title":["Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00103-023-03779-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00103-023-03779-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00103-023-03779-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T16:03:23Z","timestamp":1698941003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00103-023-03779-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["3779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00103-023-03779-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-9990","1437-1588"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-9990","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-1588","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 May 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 October 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien"}},{"value":"I.\u00a0Brockow, K.\u00a0S\u00f6hl, M.\u00a0Hanauer, A.\u00a0Hei\u00dfenhuber, C.\u00a0Marzi, A.\u00a0am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen, P.\u00a0Matulat, U.\u00a0Mansmann und U.\u00a0Nennstiel geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Interessenkonflikt"}},{"value":"F\u00fcr diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor\/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgef\u00fchrt. F\u00fcr die aufgef\u00fchrten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Interessenkonflikt"}}]}}