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Vor dem Zeitalter der Antibiotika wurden bereits Bakteriophagen (Phagen) zun\u00e4chst in Frankreich und Georgien, sp\u00e4ter auch in den USA und Russland eingesetzt. Heute finden sie zunehmend Anwendung bei der Behandlung von Infektionen durch antibiotikaresistente Bakterien\u00a0\u2013 einzeln oder auch in Kombination mit Antibiotika.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Eine Kombination von Phagen mit Antibiotika reduziert die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer gleichzeitigen Resistenzentwicklung gegen beide Wirkstoffe. Im Gegensatz zu chemisch definierten Antibiotika besitzen Phagen die F\u00e4higkeit, sich durch genetische Mechanismen an resistente Wirtszellen anzupassen. Jedoch k\u00f6nnten bakterielle Mutationen, die Antibiotikaresistenz vermitteln, gleichzeitig die Wirksamkeit von Phagen einschr\u00e4nken. Zur Vermeidung solcher Effekte sind detaillierte Kenntnisse der Wirk- und Resistenzmechanismen des Antibiotikums sowie der Vermehrungsstrategie des Phagen erforderlich. F\u00fcr die einzelnen Schritte im Vermehrungszyklus lytischer Phagen werden die f\u00fcr die jeweils mit Antibiotikaresistenz assoziierten Wirtzellfaktoren m\u00f6glichen Auswirkungen auf Resistenz gegen entsprechende Phagen analysiert. Anhand ausgew\u00e4hlter Kombinationen zeigt sich, dass Resistenz gegen eine Komponente h\u00e4ufig mit erh\u00f6hter Empfindlichkeit gegen\u00fcber der anderen einhergeht, was die Wahrscheinlichkeit f\u00fcr eine gleichzeitige Resistenz gegen beide deutlich reduziert. Besonders effizient erscheinen synergistische Kombinationen, etwa aus Antibiotikum und Endolysin, einem bakterizid wirkenden Phagenenzym.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-026-04232-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T06:59:41Z","timestamp":1776063581000},"page":"582-589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antibiotika und Phagen: Auswirkungen einer kombinierten Therapie auf Empfindlichkeit und Resistenz bakterieller Infektionserreger","Antibiotics and phages: effects of combined therapy on susceptibility and resistance of bacterial pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Heisig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Heisig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"4232_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2020.1756191","volume":"12","author":"S Wall","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wall\u00a0S (2019) Prevention of antibiotic resistance\u2014An epidemiological scoping review to identify research categories and knowledge gaps. 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