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Diese narrative \u00dcbersichtsarbeit fasst aktuelle Studien zu Nutzungskontexten, Motiven, Substanzgruppen, Pr\u00e4valenzen sowie Nutzen und Risiken zusammen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Die Studien zeigen, dass der Konsum leistungssteigernder Substanzen vor allem kurzfristige Leistungsanforderungen unterst\u00fctzen soll. Er erfolgt insbesondere bei M\u00fcdigkeit, hohen kognitiven Anforderungen, Stress, emotionaler Belastung sowie k\u00f6rperlichen Beschwerden beim Arbeiten u.\u202fa. im Zusammenhang mit Pr\u00e4sentismus. Verwendet werden Stimulanzien, Mittel zur Stimmungs- oder Schlafregulation, Schmerzmittel und Nahrungserg\u00e4nzungsmittel. Bis auf Letztere sind die Substanzen h\u00e4ufig verschreibungspflichtig; einige Stimulanzien sind illegal. Die Pr\u00e4valenzwerte unterscheiden sich stark aufgrund unterschiedlicher Studienmethoden, Settings und Definitionen f\u00fcr leistungssteigernde Mittel. Allgemein akzeptierte Substanzen werden h\u00e4ufiger genutzt.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Der Nutzen der Substanzen wird meist als begrenzt und kontextabh\u00e4ngig beschrieben. Zentrale Risiken umfassen Toleranzentwicklung, Abh\u00e4ngigkeit, Residualeffekte und sicherheitsrelevante Beeintr\u00e4chtigungen. Kurzfristige Vorteile stehen oft langfristigen gesundheitlichen und funktionalen Kosten gegen\u00fcber. Im Kontext von Public Health und Arbeitsmedizin kann leistungsbezogener Substanzgebrauch auf strukturelle Belastungen hinweisen. Pr\u00e4vention, Versorgung und Arbeitsgestaltung sollten darauf abzielen, die Funktionsf\u00e4higkeit nachhaltig zu sichern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-026-04254-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T14:23:38Z","timestamp":1780669418000},"page":"784-793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leistungssteigernde Mittel im Alltag und im Arbeitsleben","Performance-related substance use in everyday life and work"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Sascha","family":"Milin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix A.","family":"Ebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingo","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"4254_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-010-1105-0","volume":"53","author":"AG Franke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Franke\u00a0AG, Lieb\u00a0K (2010) Pharmakologisches Neuroenhancement und \u201eHirndoping\u201c. 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