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Patient:innen mit NF1 sollten lebenslang in spezialisierten Zentren interdisziplin\u00e4r betreut werden, wichtige Therapieentscheidungen sollten hier in einem regelm\u00e4\u00dfig stattfindenden interdisziplin\u00e4ren Expertengremium getroffen werden. Die plastische Chirurgie spielt in der Behandlung aller klinischen Formen der NF1-assoziierten Nervenscheidentumoren eine wichtige Rolle\u00a0\u2013 von kutanen und subkutanen bis zu tiefen nodul\u00e4ren und diffusen plexiformen Neurofibromen. Jeder Patient erfordert eine individualisierte chirurgische Planung, wobei Zeitpunkt und Ausma\u00df der Operationen von Symptomatik, funktionellen und \u00e4sthetischen Einschr\u00e4nkungen, Fortschreiten der Krankheit und potenzieller maligner Entartung bestimmt werden. Da jede K\u00f6rperregion betroffen sein kann, reicht das erforderliche umfassende Spektrum \u00e4sthetischer und rekonstruktiver Chirurgie von der Lidplastik und Gesichtswiederherstellung \u00fcber die Brustformung bis hin zur Nervenrekonstruktion oder motorischen Ersatzoperationen. 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