{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T22:24:49Z","timestamp":1790375089330,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]],"date-time":"2010-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hautarzt"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-009-1830-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,27]],"date-time":"2010-01-27T05:28:23Z","timestamp":1264570103000},"page":"107-114","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Acne vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"C.C.","family":"Zouboulis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1830_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.08.049","volume":"58","author":"Adebamowo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Adebamowo CA, Spiegelman D, Berkey CS et al (2008) Milk consumption and acne in teenaged boys. J Am Acad Dermatol 58:787\u2013793","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12616181","volume":"99","author":"Akamatsu","year":"1992","unstructured":"Akamatsu H, Zouboulis CC, Orfanos CE (1992) Control of human sebocyte proliferation in vitro by testosterone and 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone is dependent on the localization of the sebaceous glands. J Invest Dermatol 99:509\u2013511","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR3","first-page":"281","volume":"54","author":"Alesci","year":"2000","unstructured":"Alesci S, Bornstein SR (2000) Neuroimmunoregulation of androgens in the adrenal gland and the skin. Horm Res 54:281\u2013286","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"1830_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-005-0715-8","volume":"84","author":"Alestas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Alestas T, Ganceviciene R, Fimmel S et al (2006) Enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 are active in sebaceous glands. J Mol Med 84:75\u201387","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"1830_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.19621.x","volume":"119","author":"Bataille","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bataille V, Snieder H, MacGregor AJ et al (2002) The influence of genetics and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of acne: a twin study of acne in women. J Invest Dermatol 119:1317\u20131322","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1159\/000017947","volume":"196","author":"Bekaert","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bekaert C, Song M, Delvigne A (1998) Acne neonatorum and familial hyperandrogenism. Dermatology 196:453\u2013454","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01704.x","volume":"118","author":"B\u00f6hm","year":"2002","unstructured":"B\u00f6hm M, Schiller M, Stander S et al (2002) Evidence for expression of melanocortin-1 receptor in human sebocytes in vitro and in situ. J Invest Dermatol 118:533\u2013539","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.00613.x","volume":"119","author":"Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chen W, Thiboutot D, Zouboulis CC (2002) Cutaneous androgen metabolism \u2013 basic research and clinical perspectives. J Invest Dermatol 119:992\u20131007","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen W, Tsai S-J, Tsai J-C, Zouboulis CC (2010) Testosterone synthesized in cultured human SZ95 sebocytes mainly derives from dehydroepiandrosterone. Br J Dermatol 162 (in press)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00996.x"},{"key":"1830_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01714.x","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen W, Yang CC, Liao CY et al (2006) Expression of sex-determining genes in human sebaceous glands and their possible roles in pathogenesis of acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 20:846\u2013852","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"1830_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12411.x","volume":"121","author":"Chen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chen W, Yang C-C, Sheu H-M et al (2003) Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and CCAAT\/enhancer binding protein transcription factors in cultured human sebocytes. J Invest Dermatol 121:441\u2013447","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.4161\/derm.1.2.8354","volume":"1","author":"Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen W, Zouboulis CC (2009) Hormones and the pilosebaceous unit. Dermatoendocrinol 1:81\u201386","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinol"},{"key":"1830_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.7.897","volume":"139","author":"Chiu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chiu A, Chon SY, Kimball AB (2003) The response of skin disease to stress: changes in the severity of acne vulgaris as affected by examination stress. Arch Dermatol 139:897\u2013900","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.12.1584","volume":"138","author":"Cordain","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cordain L, Lindeberg S, Hurtado M et al (2002) Acne vulgaris: a disease of Western civilization. Arch Dermatol 138:1584\u20131590","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR15","first-page":"449","volume":"116","author":"Cunliffe","year":"1987","unstructured":"Cunliffe W, Forster R (1987) Androgen control of the pilosebaceous duct? Br J Dermatol 116:449","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03531.x","volume":"142","author":"Cunliffe","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cunliffe WJ, Holland DB, Clark SM, Stables GI (2000) Comedogenesis: some new aetiological, clinical and therapeutic strategies. Br J Dermatol 142:1084\u20131091","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-961815","volume":"39","author":"Fimmel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fimmel S, Saborowski A, T\u00e9rouanne B et al (2007) Inhibition of the androgen receptor by antisense oligonucleotides regulates the biological activity of androgens in SZ95 sebocytes. Horm Metab Res 39:149\u2013156","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"1830_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-7824(94)90106-6","volume":"49","author":"Fotherby","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fotherby K, Caldwell AD (1994) New progestogens in oral contraception. Contraception 49:1\u201332","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"1830_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2001.01312.x","volume":"116","author":"Fritsch","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fritsch M, Orfanos CE, Zouboulis CC (2001) Sebocytes are the key regulators of androgen homeostasis in human skin. J Invest Dermatol 116:793\u2013800","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08959.x","volume":"160","author":"Ganceviciene","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ganceviciene R, Graziene V, Fimmel S, Zouboulis CC (2009) Involvement of the corticotropin-releasing hormone system in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 160:345\u2013352","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2136","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.47","volume":"129","author":"Ghodsi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ghodsi SZ, Orawa H, Zouboulis CC (2009) Prevalence, severity and severity risk factors of acne in high school pupils: a community-based study. J Invest Dermatol 129:2136\u20132141","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02979.x","volume":"141","author":"Goulden","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goulden V, McGeown CH, Cunliffe WJ (1999) The familial risk of adult acne: a comparison between first-degree relatives of affected and unaffected individuals. Br J Dermatol 141:297\u2013300","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-0960.2001.00489.x","volume":"42","author":"Green","year":"2001","unstructured":"Green J, Sinclair RD (2001) Perceptions of acne vulgaris in final year medical student written examination answers. Australas J Dermatol 42:98\u2013101","journal-title":"Australas J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1159\/000067819","volume":"206","author":"Herane","year":"2003","unstructured":"Herane MI, Ando I (2003) Acne in infancy and acne genetics. Dermatology 206:24\u201328","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR25","first-page":"524","volume":"76","author":"Imperato-McGinley","year":"1993","unstructured":"Imperato-McGinley J, Gautier T, Cai LQ et al (1993) The androgen control of sebum production. Studies of subjects with dihydrotestosterone deficiency and complete androgen insensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 76:524\u2013528","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1830_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.4.3.168","volume":"4","author":"Kirk","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kirk KM, Evans DM, Farthing B, Martin NG (2001) Genetic and environmental influences on acne in adolescent twins. Twin Res 4:190","journal-title":"Twin Res"},{"key":"1830_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-961811","volume":"39","author":"Krause","year":"2007","unstructured":"Krause K, Schnitger A, Fimmel S et al (2007) Corticotropin-releasing hormone skin signalling is receptor-mediated and is predominant in the sebaceous glands. Horm Metab Res 39:166\u2013170","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"1830_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00890.x","volume":"18","author":"Kurokawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kurokawa I, Danby FW, Ju Q et al (2009) New developments in our understanding of acne pathogenesis and treatment. Exp Dermatol 18:821\u2013832","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.1998.00315.x","volume":"23","author":"Letawe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Letawe C, Boone M, Pierard GE (1998) Digital image analysis of the effect of topically applied linoleic acid on acne microcomedones. Clin Exp Dermatol 23:56\u201358","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1994.01690030040006","volume":"130","author":"Lucky","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lucky AW, Biro FM, Huster GA et al (1994) Acne vulgaris in premenarchal girls. Arch Dermatol 130:308\u2013314","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07671.x","volume":"156","author":"Makrantonaki","year":"2007","unstructured":"Makrantonaki E, Zouboulis CC (2007) Testosterone metabolism to 5\u03b1-dihydrotestosterone and synthesis of sebaceous lipids is regulated by the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor ligand linoleic acid in human sebocytes. Br J Dermatol 156:428\u2013432","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198304283081701","volume":"308","author":"Marynick","year":"1983","unstructured":"Marynick SP, Chakmajian ZH, McCaffree DL, Herdon JH (1983) Androgen excess in cystic acne. N Engl J Med 308:981\u2013986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1830_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2009.01.008","volume":"72","author":"Melnik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Melnik BC (2009) Milk \u2013 The promoter of chronic Western diseases. Med Hypotheses 72:631\u2013639","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"1830_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.8","volume":"129","author":"Melnik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Melnik BC, Schmitz G, Zouboulis CC (2009) Anti-acne agents attenuate FGFR2 signal transduction in acne. J Invest Dermatol 129:1868\u20131877","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02566.x","volume":"118","author":"Norris","year":"1988","unstructured":"Norris JF, Cunliffe WJ (1988) A histological and immunocytochemical study of early acne lesions. Br J Dermatol 118:651\u2013659","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR36","first-page":"251","volume":"54","author":"Orfanos","year":"2000","unstructured":"Orfanos CE, Adler YD, Zouboulis CC (2000) The SAHA syndrome. Horm Res 54:251\u2013258","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"1830_CR37","first-page":"209","volume":"Endocrinol","author":"Ostlere","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ostlere LS, Rumsby G, Holownia P et al (1998) Carrier status for steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is only one factor in the variable phenotype of acne. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 48:209\u2013215","journal-title":"Clin"},{"key":"1830_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1969.4","volume":"52","author":"Pochi","year":"1969","unstructured":"Pochi PE, Strauss JS (1969) Sebaceous gland response in man to the administration of testosterone, \u03944-androstenedione, and dehydroisoandrosterone. J Invest Dermatol 52:32\u201336","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1159\/000017864","volume":"196","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rosenfield RL, Deplewski D, Kentsis A, Ciletti N (1998) Mechanisms of androgen induction of sebocyte differentiation. Dermatology 196:43\u201346","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samson M, Zouboulis CC, Labrie F, Luu-The V (2010) Biosynthesis of dihydrotestosterone by a pathway that does not require testosterone as intermediate in the SZ95 sebaceous gland cell line and expression of the novel 5\u03b1-reductase type 3. J Invest Dermatol 130 (E-pub ahead of print)","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.225"},{"key":"1830_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00017285-197111000-00003","volume":"6","author":"Schaefer","year":"1971","unstructured":"Schaefer O (1971) When the Eskimo comes to town. Nutr Today 6:8\u201316","journal-title":"Nutr Today"},{"key":"1830_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1159\/000298915","volume":"22","author":"Schmidt","year":"1986","unstructured":"Schmidt JB, Spona J, Huber J (1986) Androgen receptor in hirsutism and acne. Gynecol Obstet Invest 22:206\u2013211","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"1830_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.3.7.865","volume":"3","author":"Shaw","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shaw JC (2002) Hormonal therapies in acne. Expert Opin Pharmacother 3:865\u2013874","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"1830_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000059742","volume":"88","author":"Simopoulos","year":"2001","unstructured":"Simopoulos AP (2001) Evolutionary aspects of diet and essential fatty acids. World Rev Nutr Diet 88:18\u201327","journal-title":"World Rev Nutr Diet"},{"key":"1830_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slominski AT, Botchkarev V, Choudhry M et al (1999) Cutaneous expression of CRH and CRH-R. Is there a \u201eskin stress response system?\u201c Ann N Y Acad Sci 885:287\u2013311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08686.x"},{"key":"1830_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/86.1.107","volume":"86","author":"Smith","year":"2007","unstructured":"Smith RN, Mann NJ, Braue A et al (2007) A low-glycemic-load diet improves symptoms in acne vulgaris patients: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 86:107\u2013115","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1830_CR47","first-page":"359","volume":"42","author":"Steiner","year":"1946","unstructured":"Steiner PE (1946) Necropsies on Okinawans: anatomic and pathologic observations. Arch Pathol Lab Med 42:359\u2013380","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"1830_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1992.01680200055006","volume":"128","author":"Stewart","year":"1992","unstructured":"Stewart ME, Downing DT, Cook JS et al (1992) Sebaceous gland activity and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels in boys and girls. Arch Dermatol 128:1345\u20131348","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12456856","volume":"87","author":"Stewart","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stewart ME, Grahek MO, Cambier LS et al (1986) Dilutional effect of increased sebaceous gland activity on the proportion of linoleic acid in sebaceous wax esters and in epidermal acylceramides. J Invest Dermatol 87:733\u2013736","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1159\/000067823","volume":"206","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thiboutot D, Chen W (2003) Update and future of hormonal therapy in acne. Dermatology 206:57\u201367","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12317162","volume":"105","author":"Thiboutot","year":"1995","unstructured":"Thiboutot D, Harris G, Iles V et al (1995) Activity of the type 1 5 alpha-reductase exhibits regional differences in isolated sebaceous glands and whole skin. J Invest Dermatol 105:209\u2013214","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12244.x","volume":"120","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thiboutot D, Jabara S, McAllister J et al (2003) Human skin is a steroidogenic tissue: steroidogenic enzymes and cofactors are expressed in epidermis, normal sebocytes and an immortalized sebocyte cell line (SEB-1). J Invest Dermatol 120:905\u2013914","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1159\/000017863","volume":"196","author":"Thiboutot","year":"1998","unstructured":"Thiboutot D, Knaggs H, Gilliland K, Lin G (1998) Activity of 5-alpha-reductase and 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the infrainfundibulum of subjects with and without acne vulgaris. Dermatology 196:38\u201342","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.12.1591","volume":"138","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thiboutot DM, Strauss JS (2002) Diet and acne revisited. Arch Dermatol 138:1591\u20131592","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700439","volume":"127","author":"Thielitz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thielitz A, Reinhold D, Vetter R et al (2007) Inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV, CD26) and aminopeptidase N (APN, CD13) target major pathogenetic steps in acne initiation. J Invest Dermatol 127:1042\u20131051","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR56","first-page":"123","volume":"74","author":"Thorneycroft","year":"2004","unstructured":"Thorneycroft H, Gollnick H, Schellschmidt I (2004) Superiority of a combined contraceptive containing drospirenone to a triphasic preparation containing norgestimate in acne treatment. Cutis 74:123\u2013130","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"1830_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0625.2002.110307.x","volume":"11","author":"Toyoda","year":"2002","unstructured":"Toyoda M, Nakamura M, Makino T et al (2002) Sebaceous glands in acne patients express high levels of neutral endopeptidase. Exp Dermatol 11:241\u2013247","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700336","volume":"126","author":"Trivedi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Trivedi NR, Cong Z, Nelson AM et al (2006) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors increase human sebum production. J Invest Dermatol 126:2002\u20132009","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200405060-00008","volume":"5","author":"Van","year":"2004","unstructured":"Van Vloten WA, Sigurdsson V (2004) Selecting an oral contraceptive agent for the treatment of acne in women. Am J Clin Dermatol 5:435\u2013441","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02433.x","volume":"118","author":"Walton","year":"1988","unstructured":"Walton S, Wyatt EH, Cunliffe WJ (1988) Genetic control of sebum excretion and acne \u2013 a twin study. Br J Dermatol 118:393\u2013396","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1159\/000095251","volume":"19","author":"Winiarska","year":"2006","unstructured":"Winiarska A, Mandt N, Kamp H et al (2006) Effect of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and testosterone on apoptosis in human dermal papilla cells. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 19:311\u2013321","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"1830_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12029.x","volume":"120","author":"Wr\u00f3bel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wr\u00f3bel A, Seltmann H, Fimmel S et al (2003) Differentiation and apoptosis in human immortalized sebocytes. J Invest Dermatol 120:175\u2013181","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700028","volume":"126","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Seltmann H, Zouboulis CC, Konger RL (2006) Involvement of PPAR-gamma in oxidative stress-mediated prostaglandin E2 production in SZ95 human sebaceous gland cells. J Invest Dermatol 126:42\u201348","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2004.03.004","volume":"22","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC (2004) Acne: sebaceous gland action. Clin Dermatol 22:360\u2013366","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-944576","volume":"32","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC (2006) Moderne Aspekte der Aknepathogenese. Akt Dermatol 32:296\u2013302","journal-title":"Akt Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2004.00254.x","volume":"13","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, B\u00f6hm M (2004) Neuroendocrine regulation of sebocytes \u2013 a pathogenetic link between stress and acne. Exp Dermatol 13(Suppl 4):31\u201335","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-961807","volume":"39","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Chen W, Thornton MJ et al (2007) Sexual hormones in human skin. Horm Metab Res 39:85\u201395","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"1830_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2004.00255.x","volume":"13","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Degitz K (2004) Androgen action on human skin \u2013 from basic research to clinical significance. Exp Dermatol 13(Suppl 4):5\u201310","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2005.0285a.x","volume":"14","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Eady A, Philpott M et al (2005) What is the pathogenesis of acne? Exp Dermatol 14:143\u2013152","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.139.5.668","volume":"139","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Nestoris S, Adler YD et al (2003) A new concept for acne therapy: a pilot study with zileuton, an oral 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. Arch Dermatol 139:668\u2013670","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1159\/000067821","volume":"206","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Piquero-Martin J (2003) Update and future of systemic acne treatment. Dermatology 206:37\u201353","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Rabe T (2010) Hormonelle Antiandrogene in der Aknetherapie. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 8(Suppl 1) (im Druck)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1610-0387.2009.07171.x"},{"key":"1830_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1159\/000081481","volume":"210","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Saborowski A, Boschnakow A (2005) Zileuton, an oral 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, directly reduces sebum production. Dermatology 210:36\u201338","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7148","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.102180999","volume":"99","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Seltmann H, Hiroi N et al (2002) Corticotropin releasing hormone: an autocrine hormone that promotes lipogenesis in human sebocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:7148\u20137153","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1830_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1159\/000017861","volume":"196","author":"Zouboulis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC, Xia L, Akamatsu H et al (1998) The human sebocyte culture model provides new insights into development and management of seborrhoea and acne. Dermatology 196:21\u201331","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1830_CR76","first-page":"6","volume":"1","author":"Zouboulis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC (1999) Acne: Current aspects on pathology and treatment. Dermatol Experiences 1:6\u201337","journal-title":"Dermatol Experiences"},{"key":"1830_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-38236","volume":"29","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC (2003) Moderne Aknetherapie. Akt Dermatol 29:49\u201357","journal-title":"Akt Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.11109","volume":"3","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC (2004) The human skin as a hormone target and an endocrine gland. Hormones 3:9\u201326","journal-title":"Hormones"},{"key":"1830_CR79","first-page":"150","volume":"18","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC (2008) The sebaceous gland in adolescent age. Eur J Ped Dermatol 18:150\u2013154","journal-title":"Eur J Ped Dermatol"},{"key":"1830_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1610-0387.2003.03011.x","volume":"1","author":"Zouboulis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zouboulis CC (2003) Therapie der Akne mit Antiandrogenen \u2013 Eine evidenzbasierte \u00dcbersicht. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 1:535\u2013546","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"}],"container-title":["Der Hautarzt"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00105-009-1830-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00105-009-1830-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00105-009-1830-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,25]],"date-time":"2019-05-25T07:09:40Z","timestamp":1558768180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00105-009-1830-1"}},"subtitle":["Rolle der Hormone","The role of hormones"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00105-009-1830-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8470","1432-1173"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8470","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1173","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,29]]}}}