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Schnell entstand die Notwendigkeit, die Schutzleistung zu quantifizieren. Urspr\u00fcnglich unter Zuhilfenahme des nat\u00fcrlichen \u2013\u00a0heute eines k\u00fcnstlichen\u00a0\u2013 Sonnenlichts wurde eine Methode zur Bestimmung eines Sonnenschutzfaktor (SPF) entwickelt. Dieser ist heute formal als das Verh\u00e4ltnis zwischen minimaler erythemwirksamer UV-Dosis auf mit Sonnenschutzmittel gesch\u00fctzter und minimaler erythemwirksamer UV-Dosis auf ungesch\u00fctzter Haut definiert (ISO\u00a024444:2019). Drei Beobachtungen stellen die Eignung der Methode infrage: 1)\u00a0Zwischen-Labor-Variabilit\u00e4t: Trotz strenger Normierung sind Resultate von SPF-Bestimmungen aus verschiedenen Labors und Regionen sehr gro\u00dfen Schwankungen unterworfen. 2)\u00a0Nat\u00fcrliches vs. k\u00fcnstliches Sonnenlicht: Das Strahlungsspektrum des k\u00fcnstlichen Sonnenlichts unterscheidet sich von dem des nat\u00fcrlichen Sonnenlichts. Die mit k\u00fcnstlichem Sonnenlicht bestimmten SPFs (wie auf allen derzeit im Handel befindlichen Sonnenschutzmitteln abgebildet) sind im Vergleich zur SPF-Bestimmung mit nat\u00fcrlichem Sonnenlicht deutlich zu hoch. 3)\u00a0Erythembelastung: Bei der Bestimmung des SPF werden die Probanden potenziell sch\u00e4dlicher Strahlung ausgesetzt. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden alternative Methoden \u2013\u00a0In-vitro-SPF, hybride diffuse Reflexionsspektroskopie (HDRS) und In-silico-Berechnungen\u00a0\u2013 vorgestellt. Diese haben das Potenzial, die heutige mit erheblichen Einschr\u00e4nkungen verbundene Methode abzul\u00f6sen. 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