{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:42:00Z","timestamp":1780080120700,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002957","name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HNO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A\u00a0large number of patients with olfactory impairment are affected by parosmia or phantosmia. This study aimed to examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of parosmia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We performed a\u00a0retrospective data analysis of patients consulting at our Smell and Taste Outpatient Clinic. A\u00a0total of 297 patients were included (203 women, mean age\u00a044.4\u202f\u00b1\u200913.7\u00a0years). Olfactory function was quantified using the \u201cSniffin\u2019 Sticks\u201d composite TDI (odor <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>hreshold, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>etermination, and <jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic>dentification) score. The presence of qualitative olfactory impairment was assessed trough medical history and a\u00a0parosmia questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Most of the patients showed olfactory impairment after an infection with SARS-CoV\u20112 (84%) and were diagnosed with parosmia (49%). Patients with parosmia (PAR) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u2009201) were significantly younger compared to the group without parosmia (noPAR; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u200992) (PAR 43.2\u202f\u00b1\u200913\u00a0years vs. noPAR 47\u202f\u00b1\u200915.1 years, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.03) and had a\u00a0slightly shorter duration of disease, without reaching statistical significance (PAR 10.3\u202f\u00b1\u20094.9\u00a0months, noPAR 13.6\u202f\u00b1\u200937.6 months, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.23). They also had higher TDI scores (PAR 24.3\u202f\u00b1\u20097\u00a0points, noPAR 21.4\u202f\u00b1\u20098.2\u00a0points, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.003).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients affected by parosmia were younger and had a\u00a0better olfactory function compared to patients without parosmia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-024-01470-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T15:05:47Z","timestamp":1719500747000},"page":"649-656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Parosmia in patients with post-infectious olfactory dysfunction in the era of\nCOVID-19-associated olfactory impairment","Parosmie bei Patient:innen mit postinfekti\u00f6ser Riechst\u00f6rung in der \u00c4ra der COVID-19-assoziierten Riechst\u00f6rungen"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Nadine","family":"Gunder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hummel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1470_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.30101","volume":"132","author":"A Altundag","year":"2022","unstructured":"Altundag\u00a0A, Yilmaz\u00a0E, Kesimli\u00a0MC (2022) Modified Olfactory Training Is an Effective Treatment Method for COVID-19 Induced Parosmia. 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