{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T15:59:01Z","timestamp":1764691141497,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748908800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum W\u00fcrzburg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HNO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates the inverse use of the Vibrant Soundbridge\u00ae Floating Mass Transducer (FMT; MED-EL, Innsbruck, Austria) as a\u00a0microphone in a\u00a0pilot test. Should this be applicable, it would open up interesting application possibilities, e.g., as a\u00a0microphone for a\u00a0fully implantable cochlear implant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Experimental measurements on an ear canal\u2013eardrum model were used to analyze the acoustic properties of the FMT when used as a\u00a0microphone, including frequency response and sensitivity. The FMT from the Direct Drive Simulation Set was coupled to the artificial eardrum for this purpose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results show that the FMT has a\u00a0usable signal-to-noise performance over the entire frequency range investigated, albeit with a\u00a0non-linear frequency characteristic. The highest sensitivity was found between 1500 and 2000\u202fHz.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study suggests that an FMT optimized for microphone properties could be used as a\u00a0microphone in the middle ear, which would open up new possibilities for the development of fully implantable hearing systems. Further investigations, in particular measurements on the petrous bone, are required to determine the suitability of the FMT as a\u00a0middle ear microphone more precisely.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-025-01597-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T05:31:12Z","timestamp":1748928672000},"page":"384-388","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The floating mass transducer as a\u00a0microphone\u2014a\u00a0pilot study","Floating Mass Transducer als Mikrofon\u00a0\u2013 ein Pilotversuch. Englische Version"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kaulitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"K\u00f6stler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Rak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Hackenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Cebulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"1597_CR1","first-page":"38","volume":"69","author":"WD Baumgartner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baumgartner\u00a0WD et\u00a0al (2010) The vibrant soundbridge for conductive and mixed hearing losses: European multicenter study results. 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All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The supplement containing this article is not sponsored by industry.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}