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Besonders das orale Mikrobiom spielt eine zentrale Rolle in der Mundgesundheit, indem es die Kolonisation pathogener Bakterien verhindert und das Gleichgewicht des pH-Werts aufrechterh\u00e4lt. Eine Dysbiose im oralen Mikrobiom wird mit der Entstehung von Karies, Parodontalerkrankungen und oralen Plattenepithelkarzinomen in Verbindung gebracht. Dar\u00fcber hinaus besteht eine bidirektionale Wechselwirkung zwischen dem oralen und dem intestinalen Mikrobiom, die \u00fcber die sog. Mund-Darm-Achse vermittelt wird. Zur Modulation des Mikrobioms wurden in den letzten Jahren Pr\u00e4biotika, Probiotika und insbesondere Postbiotika intensiv untersucht. Postbiotika stellen eine vielversprechende Alternative dar, da sie keine lebensf\u00e4higen Mikroorganismen, sondern bioaktive Metaboliten, Zellwandfragmente oder Enzyme enthalten, die immunmodulatorische, entz\u00fcndungshemmende und antimikrobielle Effekte entfalten. Insbesondere im Bereich der oralen Gesundheit zeigen Postbiotika potenzielle Vorteile, indem sie das Wachstum pathogener Keime hemmen, die Immunantwort regulieren und entz\u00fcndliche Prozesse reduzieren. Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse legen nahe, dass Postbiotika die Mundgesundheit nachhaltig verbessern. Zudem konnte in ersten Studien eine m\u00f6gliche Anwendung in der unterst\u00fctzenden Therapie oraler Krebserkrankungen durch ihre antitumoralen Eigenschaften gezeigt werden.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-025-01657-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T11:56:40Z","timestamp":1754395000000},"page":"622-627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pr\u00e4\u2011, Pro- und Postbiotika\u00a0\u2013 eine Einf\u00fchrung","Prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics\u2014An introduction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"do Carmo Greier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt Gabriel","family":"Hofauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1657_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-012420-105020","volume":"42","author":"J Ahn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahn\u00a0J, Hayes\u00a0RB (2021) Environmental Influences on the Human Microbiome and Implications for Noncommunicable Disease. 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