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IUGR was induced by low protein (LP) diet throughout pregnancy, bilateral uterine vessel ligation (LIG), or intrauterine stress (IUS) by sham operation. Offspring of unimpaired dams served as controls. Significant acute kidney damage was ruled out by negative results for proteins indicative of ER-stress, autophagy, apoptosis, or infiltration with macrophages. Renal gene expression was examined by transcriptome microarrays, demonstrating 53 (LP, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200912; LIG, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200932; IUS, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20099) and 134 (LP, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200910; LIG, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200941; IUS, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u200983) differentially expressed transcripts on postnatal days (PND) 1 and 7, respectively. Reduced <jats:italic>Pilra<\/jats:italic> (all IUGR groups, PND 7), <jats:italic>Nupr1<\/jats:italic> (LP and LIG, PND 7), and <jats:italic>Kap<\/jats:italic> (LIG, PND 1) as well as increased <jats:italic>Ccl20<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>S100a8\/a9<\/jats:italic> (LIG, PND 1), <jats:italic>Ifna4<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Ltb4r2<\/jats:italic> (IUS, PND 7) indicated that inflammation-related molecular dysregulation could be a \u201ccommon\u201d feature after IUGR of different origins. Network analyses of transcripts and predicted upstream regulators hinted at proinflammatory adaptions mainly in LIG (arachidonic acid-binding, neutrophil aggregation, toll-like-receptor, NF-kappa B, and TNF signaling) and dysregulation of AMPK and PPAR signaling in LP pups. The latter may increase susceptibility towards obesity-associated kidney damage. Western blots of the most prominent predicted upstream regulators confirmed significant dysregulation of RICTOR in LP (PND 7) and LIG pups (PND 1), suggesting that mTOR-related processes could further modulate kidney programming in these groups of IUGR pups.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Key messages<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Inflammation-related transcripts are dysregulated in neonatal IUGR rat kidneys.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Upstream analyses indicate renal metabolic dysregulation after low protein diet.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>RICTOR is dysregulated after low protein diet and uterine vessel ligation.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                  <\/jats:list><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-020-01875-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T13:02:33Z","timestamp":1580562153000},"page":"395-407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Altered molecular signatures during kidney development after intrauterine growth restriction of different origins"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0674-804X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"N\u00fcsken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7042-1706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Lechner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9120-2203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny","family":"Voggel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Wohlfarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Sprenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nava","family":"Mehdiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lutz T.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Max Christoph","family":"Liebau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bent","family":"Brachvogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"D\u00f6tsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5749-7183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai-Dietrich","family":"N\u00fcsken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"1875_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197608122950701","volume":"295","author":"GP Ravelli","year":"1976","unstructured":"Ravelli GP, Stein ZA, Susser MW (1976) Obesity in young men after famine exposure in utero and early infancy. 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