{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T15:01:35Z","timestamp":1784559695388,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Mol Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a frequent complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) and critically shapes immune reconstitution. However, the clonal and functional dynamics of T cell responses to CMV remain insufficiently defined. In this study, we combined longitudinal single-cell RNA sequencing with paired T cell receptor sequencing to track \u03b3\u03b4 and \u03b1\u03b2 T cell clones at clonal resolution across five post-transplant time points in patients with and without CMV reactivation. This integrative approach revealed marked, patient-specific expansion of non-V\u03b39V\u03b42 \u03b3\u03b4 T cell clones, particularly within V\u03b41\u207a and V\u03b43\u207a subsets, which was associated with differentiation toward cytotoxic and antiviral effector states characterized by IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 expression. Conventional CD8\u207a \u03b1\u03b2 T cells showed comparatively modest clonal dynamics during CMV reactivation in this cohort. Longitudinal tracking of individual clonotypes demonstrated heterogeneous but recurrent trajectories, with expanding \u03b3\u03b4 T cell clones frequently acquiring antiviral and cytotoxic phenotypes following CMV reactivation. These findings highlight the adaptive-like behavior and functional plasticity of non-V\u03b39V\u03b42 \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and provide a high-resolution framework for studying antiviral immune responses during immune reconstitution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key messages<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Single-cell sequencing enables clonal tracking of T cells during CMV reactivation.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\u03b3\u03b4 T cells show patient-specific clonal expansion after CMV reactivation.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Expanding \u03b3\u03b4 T cell clones acquire antiviral and cytotoxic phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>V\u03b39V\u03b42 \u03b3\u03b4 T cells remain stable with limited clonal expansion.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\u03b1\u03b2 T cells display limited clonal responses during CMV reactivation.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-026-02703-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T02:03:59Z","timestamp":1784513039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u03b3\u03b4 T cells show distinct responses to CMV after stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Freya","family":"Sibbertsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cedric","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inga","family":"Sandrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Bonn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Koenecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Likai","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Schultze-Florey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8789-9578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Immo","family":"Prinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2703_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e451","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00069-6","volume":"25","author":"P Ljungman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ljungman P, Alain S, Chemaly RF et al (2025) Recommendations from the 10th European conference on infections in leukaemia for the management of cytomegalovirus in patients after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation and other T-cell-engaging therapies. 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