{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:32:57Z","timestamp":1786120377085,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2021R1A6A1A03038899"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6A1A03038899"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RS-2024-00351695"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00351695"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RS-2025-23523847"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-23523847"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RS-2025-25441283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-25441283"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Korea Healthy Industry Development Institute","award":["RS-2023-KH135855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-KH135855"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Mol Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-026-02705-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T23:28:06Z","timestamp":1786058886000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transforming growth factor-\u03b21 promotes initiation of entheseal pathological bone formation via osteonectin induction in ankylosing spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Sungsin","family":"Jo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongju","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Eun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanhyeok","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dabin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye-Ryeong","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Mok","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Hoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3542-2276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae-Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9570","key":"2705_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7","volume":"369","author":"J Braun","year":"2007","unstructured":"Braun J, Sieper J (2007) Ankylosing spondylitis. Lancet 369(9570):1379\u20131390","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"26","key":"2705_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1406182","volume":"374","author":"JD Taurog","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taurog JD, Chhabra A, Colbert RA (2016) Ankylosing Spondylitis and Axial Spondyloarthritis. N Engl J Med 374(26):2563\u20132574","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2705_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.127175","volume":"69","author":"SZ Aydin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aydin SZ, Bas E, Basci O, Filippucci E, Wakefield RJ, Celikel C, Karahan M, Atagunduz P, Benjamin M, Direskeneli H, McGonagle D (2010) Validation of ultrasound imaging for Achilles entheseal fibrocartilage in bovines and description of changes in humans with spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 69(12):2165\u20132168","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2705_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R104","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2496","volume":"10","author":"X Baraliakos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baraliakos X, Listing J, Rudwaleit M, Sieper J, Braun J (2008) The relationship between inflammation and new bone formation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 10(5):R104","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"2705_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217309","volume":"79","author":"A Watad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Watad A, Rowe H, Russell T, Zhou Q, Anderson LK, Khan A, Dunsmuir R, Loughenbury P, Borse V, Rao A, Millner PA, Bragazzi NL, Amital H, Cuhtbert R, Wittmann M, Sharif K, Kenna T, Brown MA, Newton D, Bridgewood C, McGonagle DG (2020) Normal human enthesis harbours conventional CD4\u2009+\u2009and CD8\u2009+\u2009T cells with regulatory features and inducible IL-17A and TNF expression. Ann Rheum Dis 79(8):1044\u20131054","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2705_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0805-0","volume":"18","author":"HW Tseng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tseng HW, Pitt ME, Glant TT, McRae AF, Kenna TJ, Brown MA, Pettit AR, Thomas GP (2016) Inflammation-driven bone formation in a mouse model of ankylosing spondylitis: sequential not parallel processes. Arthritis Res Ther 18:35","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2705_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.4078\/jrd.2023.0041","volume":"30","author":"SH Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim SH, Lee SH (2023) Updates on ankylosing spondylitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic agents. J Rheum Dis 30(4):220\u2013233","journal-title":"J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2705_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-019-0057-8","volume":"7","author":"W Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu W, He X, Cheng K, Zhang L, Chen D, Wang X, Qiu G, Cao X, Weng X (2019) Ankylosing spondylitis: etiology, pathogenesis, and treatments. Bone Res 7:22","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"2705_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16009","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2016.9","volume":"4","author":"M Wu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wu M, Chen G, Li YP (2016) TGF-beta and BMP signaling in osteoblast, skeletal development, and bone formation, homeostasis and disease. Bone Res 4:16009","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2705_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03761-w","volume":"15","author":"E Wei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wei E, Hu M, Wu L, Pan X, Zhu Q, Liu H, Liu Y (2024) TGF-beta signaling regulates differentiation of MSCs in bone metabolism: disputes among viewpoints. Stem Cell Res Ther 15(1):156","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"2705_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01520-0","volume":"4","author":"K Futrega","year":"2021","unstructured":"Futrega K, Robey PG, Klein TJ, Crawford RW, Doran MR (2021) A single day of TGF-beta1 exposure activates chondrogenic and hypertrophic differentiation pathways in bone marrow-derived stromal cells. Commun Biol 4(1):29","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"2705_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2026.124365","volume":"394","author":"CM Kang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Kang CM, Kim JM (2026) The posttranslational modification landscape of transcription factors in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Life Sci 394:124365","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2705_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12305","volume":"19","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Xu H, Hu X, Zhang C, Chu T, Zhou Y (2016) Histopathological changes in supraspinous ligaments, ligamentum flava and paraspinal muscle tissues of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Int J Rheum Dis 19(4):420\u2013429","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"2705_CR14","first-page":"1750","volume":"42","author":"S Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li S, Hou Z, Gong Y, Peng J, Liang H, Wang D, Lin L (2024) Endothelial mesenchymal transition promotes pannus formation in ankylosing spondylitis by activation of TGF-beta\/SMAD signalling pathway. Clin Exp Rheumatol 42(9):1750\u20131755","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2705_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16262","volume":"25","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Chen WG, Yang SZ, Qiu H, Hu X, Qiu YY, Wen X, Zhou Y, Chu TW (2021) Up-regulation of TbetaRIII facilitates the osteogenesis of supraspinous ligament-derived fibroblasts from patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Cell Mol Med 25(3):1613\u20131623","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"2705_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2740513","volume":"274","author":"T Nagata","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nagata T, Bellows CG, Kasugai S, Butler WT, Sodek J (1991) Biosynthesis of bone proteins [SPP-1 (secreted phosphoprotein-1, osteopontin), BSP (bone sialoprotein) and SPARC (osteonectin)] in association with mineralized-tissue formation by fetal-rat calvarial cells in culture. Biochem J 274(Pt 2):513\u2013520","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2705_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01045047","volume":"23","author":"J Chen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Chen J, Zhang Q, McCulloch CA, Sodek J (1991) Immunohistochemical localization of bone sialoprotein in foetal porcine bone tissues: comparisons with secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP-1, osteopontin) and SPARC (osteonectin). Histochem J 23(6):281\u2013289","journal-title":"Histochem J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2705_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1139\/o91-037","volume":"69","author":"M Ringuette","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ringuette M, Damjanovski S, Wheeler D (1991) Expression of SPARC\/osteonectin in tissues of bony and cartilaginous vertebrates. Biochem Cell Biol 69(4):245\u2013250","journal-title":"Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"2705_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.02.001","volume":"52\u201354","author":"EM Rosset","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosset EM, Bradshaw AD (2016) SPARC\/osteonectin in mineralized tissue. Matrix Biol 52\u201354:78\u201387","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"2705_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(81)90037-4","volume":"26","author":"JD Termine","year":"1981","unstructured":"Termine JD, Kleinman HK, Whitson SW, Conn KM, McGarvey ML, Martin GR (1981) Osteonectin, a bone-specific protein linking mineral to collagen. Cell 26(1 Pt 1):99\u2013105","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"2705_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20008","volume":"91","author":"A Francki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Francki A, McClure TD, Brekken RA, Motamed K, Murri C, Wang T, Sage EH (2004) SPARC regulates TGF-beta1-dependent signaling in primary glomerular mesangial cells. J Cell Biochem 91(5):915\u2013925","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"9","key":"2705_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez583","volume":"59","author":"T Carvalheiro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carvalheiro T, Malvar Fernandez B, Ottria A, Giovannone B, Marut W, Reedquist KA, Garcia S, Radstake TR (2020) Extracellular SPARC cooperates with TGF-beta signalling to induce pro-fibrotic activation of systemic sclerosis patient dermal fibroblasts. Rheumatology (Oxford) 59(9):2258\u20132263","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2705_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendoza FA, Piera-Velazquez S, Jimenez SA (2026) High mobility group motif proteins\u2019 role in fibrosis, inflammation, and vascular injury in systemic sclerosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 104(1):83","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-026-02679-5"},{"issue":"7","key":"2705_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI7039","volume":"105","author":"AM Delany","year":"2000","unstructured":"Delany AM, Amling M, Priemel M, Howe C, Baron R, Canalis E (2000) Osteopenia and decreased bone formation in osteonectin-deficient mice. J Clin Invest 105(7):915\u2013923","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"2705_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00151.2007","volume":"32","author":"FC Mansergh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mansergh FC, Wells T, Elford C, Evans SL, Perry MJ, Evans MJ, Evans BA (2007) Osteopenia in Sparc (osteonectin)-deficient mice: characterization of phenotypic determinants of femoral strength and changes in gene expression. Physiol Genomics 32(1):64\u201373","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"issue":"6","key":"2705_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-221044","volume":"144","author":"AM Delany","year":"2003","unstructured":"Delany AM, Kalajzic I, Bradshaw AD, Sage EH, Canalis E (2003) Osteonectin-null mutation compromises osteoblast formation, maturation, and survival. Endocrinology 144(6):2588\u20132596","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2705_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00616-6","volume":"24","author":"H Zhang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zhang H, Ahmad M, Gronowicz G (2003) Effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) on in vitro mineralization of human osteoblasts on implant materials. Biomaterials 24(12):2013\u20132020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"4","key":"2705_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02634001","volume":"31","author":"DJ Talley-Ronsholdt","year":"1995","unstructured":"Talley-Ronsholdt DJ, Lajiness E, Nagodawithana K (1995) Transforming growth factor-beta inhibition of mineralization by neonatal rat osteoblasts in monolayer and collagen gel culture. Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 31(4):274\u2013282","journal-title":"Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim"},{"key":"2705_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nam B, Park H, Lee YL, Oh Y, Park J, Kim SY, Weon S, Choi SH, Yang JH, Jo S, Kim TH (2020) TGFbeta1 suppressed matrix mineralization of osteoblasts differentiation by regulating SMURF1-C\/EBPbeta-DKK1 axis. Int J Mol Sci 21(24):9771","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249771"},{"issue":"4","key":"2705_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270401","volume":"27","author":"S van der Linden","year":"1984","unstructured":"van der Linden S, Valkenburg HA, Cats A (1984) Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis Rheum 27(4):361\u2013368","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"2705_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.11.013","volume":"30","author":"S Jo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jo S, Lee JS, Nam B, Lee YL, Kim H, Lee EY, Park YS, Kim TH (2022) SOX9(+) enthesis cells are associated with spinal ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 30(2):280\u2013290","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"2","key":"2705_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4751","volume":"38","author":"S Jo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jo S, Lee SH, Park J, Nam B, Kim H, Youn J, Lee S, Kim TJ, Sung IH, Choi SH, Park YS, Inman RD, Kim TH (2023) Platelet-Derived Growth Factor B Is a Key Element in the Pathological Bone Formation of Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Bone Min Res 38(2):300\u2013312","journal-title":"J Bone Min Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2705_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.4078\/jrd.2023.0024","volume":"30","author":"S Jo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jo S, Lee SH, Jeon C, Jo HR, Ko E, Whangbo M, Kim TJ, Park YS, Kim TH (2023) Elevated BMPR2 expression amplifies osteoblast differentiation in ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheum Dis 30(4):243\u2013250","journal-title":"J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2705_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-024-02428-6","volume":"102","author":"JH Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee JH, Lee SH, Jeon C, Han J, Kim SH, Youn J, Park YS, Kim TJ, Kim JS, Jo S, Kim TH, Son CN (2024) The complement factor H-related protein-5 (CFHR5) exacerbates pathological bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis. J Mol Med (Berl) 102(4):571\u2013583","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2705_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2025.03.010","volume":"158","author":"H Toba","year":"2025","unstructured":"Toba H, Jin D, Takai S (2025) Suppressing SPARC gene with siRNA exerts therapeutic effects and inhibits MMP-2\/9 and ADAMTS1 overexpression in a murine model of ischemia\/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. J Pharmacol Sci 158(2):103\u2013112","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2705_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ham SM, Song MJ, Yoon HS, Lee DH, Chung JH, Lee ST (2023) SPARC is highly expressed in young skin and promotes extracellular matrix integrity in fibroblasts via the TGF-beta signaling pathway. Int J Mol Sci 24(15):12179","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512179"},{"issue":"2","key":"2705_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041510202","volume":"151","author":"NS Fedarko","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fedarko NS, Vetter UK, Weinstein S, Robey PG (1992) Age-related changes in hyaluronan, proteoglycan, collagen, and osteonectin synthesis by human bone cells. J Cell Physiol 151(2):215\u2013227","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2705_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B54","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/54.2.B54","volume":"54","author":"MW Long","year":"1999","unstructured":"Long MW, Ashcraft EK, Normalle D, Mann KG (1999) Age-related phenotypic alterations in populations of purified human bone precursor cells. J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci 54(2):B54\u201362","journal-title":"J Gerontol Biol Sci Med Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00109-026-02705-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00109-026-02705-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00109-026-02705-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T23:28:17Z","timestamp":1786058897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00109-026-02705-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00109-026-02705-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0946-2716","1432-1440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0946-2716","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1440","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the institutional review boards (IRBs) of Hanyang University Seoul Hospital and Guri Hospital (IRB-2014-05-001 and IRB 2014-05-002).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing financial interests to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"100"}}