{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T04:40:42Z","timestamp":1788928842888,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]],"date-time":"2018-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nervenarzt"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-018-0499-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]],"date-time":"2018-03-09T07:58:03Z","timestamp":1520582283000},"page":"530-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Autoimmunenzephalitis mit psychotischer Symptomatik","Autoimmune encephalitis with psychotic symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Steiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Pr\u00fc\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"K\u00f6hler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Falkai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"499_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00013","volume":"8","author":"A Al-Diwani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Diwani A, Pollak TA, Langford AE et al (2017) Synaptic and neuronal autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes: controversies and hypotheses. Front Psychiatry 8:13","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-0948-9","volume":"16","author":"Y Ando","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ando Y, Shimazaki H, Shiota K et al (2016) Prevalence of elevated serum anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody titers in patients presenting exclusively with psychiatric symptoms: a\u00a0comparative follow-up study. BMC Psychiatry 16:226","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"499_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.125","volume":"22","author":"E Castillo-Gomez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Castillo-Gomez E, Oliveira B, Tapken D et al (2017) All naturally occurring autoantibodies against the NMDA receptor subunit NR1 have pathogenic potential irrespective of epitope and immunoglobulin class. Mol Psychiatry 22(12):1776\u20131784. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mp.2016.125","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24189","volume":"76","author":"L Dahm","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dahm L, Ott C, Steiner J et\u00a0al (2014) Seroprevalence of autoantibodies against brain antigens in health and disease. Ann Neurol 76:82\u201394","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"499_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00010.2016","volume":"97","author":"J Dalmau","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dalmau J, Geis C, Graus F (2017) Autoantibodies to synaptic receptors and neuronal cell surface proteins in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. Physiol Rev 97:839\u2013887","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"499_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70253-2","volume":"10","author":"J Dalmau","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dalmau J, Lancaster E, Martinez-Hernandez E et al (2011) Clinical experience and laboratory investigations in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Lancet Neurol 10:63\u201374","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"499_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0526","volume":"72","author":"LD Witte De","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Witte LD, Hoffmann C, Van Mierlo HC et al (2015) Absence of N\u2011methyl-D-aspartate receptor IgG autoantibodies in schizophrenia: the importance of cross-validation studies. JAMA Psychiatry 72:731\u2013733","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR8","volume-title":"Internationale Klassifikation psychischer St\u00f6rungen: ICD-10 Kapitel V (F)","author":"H Dilling","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dilling H, Mombour W, Schmitt MH et al (2016) Internationale Klassifikation psychischer St\u00f6rungen: ICD-10 Kapitel V (F). Huber, Bern"},{"key":"499_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25131","author":"D Dubey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dubey D, Pittock SJ, Kelly CR et\u00a0al (2018) Autoimmune encephalitis epidemiology and a\u00a0comparison to infectious encephalitis. Ann Neurol. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.25131","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"499_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00181","volume":"8","author":"H Ehrenreich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ehrenreich H (2017) Autoantibodies against the N\u2011methyl-d-Aspartate receptor subunit NR1: untangling apparent inconsistencies for clinical practice. Front Immunol 8:181","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"499_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00476","volume":"9","author":"D Endres","year":"2015","unstructured":"Endres D, Perlov E, Baumgartner A et\u00a0al (2015) Immunological findings in psychotic syndromes: a\u00a0tertiary care hospital\u2019s CSF sample of 180 patients. Front Hum Neurosci 9:476","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"499_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1177\/0091217415612735","volume":"50","author":"M Gable","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gable M, Depry D (2015) Sustained corticosteroid- induced mania and psychosis despite cessation: a case study and brief literature review. Int J Psychiatry Med 50:398\u2013404","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"key":"499_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.3","volume":"21","author":"DR Goldsmith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goldsmith DR, Rapaport MH, Miller BJ (2016) A meta-analysis of blood cytokine network alterations in psychiatric patients: comparisons between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Mol Psychiatry 21:1696\u20131709","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70222-X","volume":"10","author":"J Granerod","year":"2010","unstructured":"Granerod J, Ambrose HE, Davies NW et al (2010) Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a\u00a0multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis 10:835\u2013844","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"499_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00401-9","volume":"15","author":"F Graus","year":"2016","unstructured":"Graus F, Titulaer MJ, Balu R et\u00a0al (2016) A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. Lancet Neurol 15:391\u2013404","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"499_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00025","volume":"8","author":"J Herken","year":"2017","unstructured":"Herken J, Pr\u00fcss H (2017) Red flags: clinical signs for identifying Autoimmune encephalitis in psychiatric patients. Front Psychiatry 8:25","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.06.015","volume":"82","author":"J Jezequel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jezequel J, Rogemond V, Pollak T et al (2017) Cell- and single molecule-based methods to detect anti-N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptor autoantibodies in patients with first-episode psychosis from the OPtiMiSE project. Biol Psychiatry 82:766\u2013772","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"499_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-017-0405-0","volume":"89","author":"S Kovac","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kovac S, Alferink J, Ahmetspahic D et al (2018) Update anti-N-methyl-DAspartat-rezeptor-enzephalitis. Nervenarzt 89(1):99\u2013112. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-017-0405-0","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"499_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2016.12.1.1","volume":"12","author":"E Lancaster","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lancaster E (2016) The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis. J\u00a0Clin Neurol 12:1\u201313","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"499_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e280","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000280","volume":"3","author":"F Lejuste","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lejuste F, Thomas L, Picard G et al (2016) Neuroleptic intolerance in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 3:e280","journal-title":"Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"499_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30375-3","volume":"4","author":"BR Lennox","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lennox BR, Palmer-Cooper EC, Pollak T et al (2017) Prevalence and clinical characteristics of serum neuronal cell surface antibodies in first-episode psychosis: a\u00a0case-control study. Lancet Psychiatry 4:42\u201348","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-016-0235-5","volume":"87","author":"J Lewerenz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lewerenz J, Jarius S, Wildemann B et\u00a0al (2016) Autoantik\u00f6rperassoziierte autoimmune Enzephalitiden und Zerebellitiden: Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie. Nervenarzt 87:1293\u20131299","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"499_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12050646","volume":"169","author":"JC Masdeu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Masdeu JC, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Matute C et al (2012) Serum IgG antibodies against the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor not detected in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 169:1120\u20131121","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1067-y","volume":"15","author":"S Najjar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Najjar S, Steiner J, Najjar A et al (2018) A clinical approach to new-onset psychosis associated with immune dysregulation: the concept of autoimmune psychosis. J Neuroinflammation 15:40. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-018-1067-y","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"499_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-017-0011-3","author":"H Pan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pan H, Oliveira B, Saher G et al (2018) Uncoupling the widespread occurrence of anti-NMDAR1 autoantibodies from neuropsychiatric disease in a novel autoimmune model. Mol Psychiatry. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-017-0011-3","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s15016-017-6073-2","volume":"28","author":"H Pr\u00fcss","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pr\u00fcss H (2017) Autoantik\u00f6rper als Ursache neuropsychiatrischer St\u00f6rungsbilder. Neurotransmitter (Houst) 28:34\u201341","journal-title":"Neurotransmitter (Houst)"},{"key":"499_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000445","volume":"30","author":"H Pr\u00fcss","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pr\u00fcss H (2017) Postviral autoimmune encephalitis: manifestations in children and adults. Curr Opin Neurol 30:327\u2013333","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"499_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318258300d","volume":"78","author":"H Pr\u00fcss","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pr\u00fcss H, Holtje M, Maier N et\u00a0al (2012) IgA NMDA receptor antibodies are markers of synaptic immunity in slow cognitive impairment. Neurology 78:1743\u20131753","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"499_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-111913","volume":"84","author":"A R\u00f6h","year":"2016","unstructured":"R\u00f6h A, Falkai P, Hasan A (2016) Differenzialdiagnose psychotischer Symptome. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 84:499\u2013510","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"key":"499_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.469","volume":"71","author":"J Steiner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steiner J, Teegen B, Schiltz K et al (2014) Prevalence of N\u2011methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoantibodies in the peripheral blood: healthy control samples revisited. JAMA Psychiatry 71:838\u2013839","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamapsychiatry.86","volume":"70","author":"J Steiner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Steiner J, Walter M, Glanz W et al (2013) Increased prevalence of diverse N\u2011methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antibodies in patients with an initial diagnosis of schizophrenia: specific relevance of IgG NR1a antibodies for distinction from N\u2011methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor encephalitis. JAMA Psychiatry 70:271\u2013278","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"499_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.04.046","author":"J Varley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Varley J, Taylor J, Irani SR (2017) Autoantibody-mediated diseases of the CNS: structure, dysfunction and therapy. Neuropharmacology. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.04.046","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"499_CR33","volume-title":"Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual psychischer St\u00f6rungen DSM-5","author":"HU Wittchen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wittchen HU, Falkai P (2015) Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual psychischer St\u00f6rungen DSM-5. Hogrefe, G\u00f6ttingen"},{"key":"499_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5788-9","volume":"258","author":"MS Zandi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zandi MS, Irani SR, Lang B et al (2011) Disease-relevant autoantibodies in first episode schizophrenia. J\u00a0Neurol 258:686\u2013688","journal-title":"J Neurol"}],"container-title":["Der Nervenarzt"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00115-018-0499-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00115-018-0499-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00115-018-0499-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,8]],"date-time":"2019-03-08T19:29:37Z","timestamp":1552073377000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00115-018-0499-z"}},"subtitle":["Diagnostik, Warnhinweise und praktisches Vorgehen","Diagnostics, warning signs and practical approach"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["499"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-018-0499-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-2804","1433-0407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-2804","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 March 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien"}},{"value":"J.\u00a0Steiner, H.\u00a0Pr\u00fc\u00df, S.\u00a0K\u00f6hler, A.\u00a0Hasan und P.\u00a0Falkai geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Interessenkonflikt"}},{"value":"Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgef\u00fchrten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}