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Diese umfassen neuroimmunologisch vermittelte Erkrankungen wie Enzephalopathien, Enzephalitiden, Myelitiden, ADEM (akute disseminierte Enzephalomyelitis), ANHLE (akute nekrotisierende h\u00e4morrhagische Leukoenzephalitis) und NMOSD (Neuromyelitis-optica-Spektrum-Erkrankungen), aber auch andere wie PRES (posteriores reversibles Enzephalopathiesyndrom), OMAS (Opsoklonus-Myoklonus-Ataxie-Syndrom) sowie zerebrovaskul\u00e4re Erkrankungen. Ein para- oder postinfekti\u00f6ser Zusammenhang wird diskutiert, jedoch sind pathophysiologische Mechanismen bislang unbekannt. Urs\u00e4chlich k\u00f6nnte eine virusgetriggerte \u00dcberaktivierung des Immunsystems mit Hyperinflammation und Zytokinsturm, aber m\u00f6glicherweise auch die Bildung spezifischer Autoantik\u00f6rper gegen Gewebe des Zentralnervensystems sein. Eine direkte Sch\u00e4digung durch die Invasion von SARS-CoV\u20112 in das Gehirn oder das R\u00fcckenmark scheint keine relevante Rolle zu spielen. Eine exakte klinische Ph\u00e4notypisierung und Einleitung von Zusatzdiagnostik, auch zum Ausschluss anderer Ursachen, ist empfohlen. Bislang existieren noch keine medikament\u00f6sen Therapieoptionen zur Behandlung von ZNS-Manifestationen beim Long-COVID(\u201ecoronavirus disease\u201c)-Syndrom. Erste Befunde zu Inflammation und Autoimmunit\u00e4t sind jedoch vielversprechend und k\u00f6nnten zu neuen Therapieans\u00e4tzen f\u00fchren.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-022-01294-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T11:07:01Z","timestamp":1652353621000},"page":"769-778","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Manifestationen im Zentralnervensystem nach COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Ameli","family":"Gerhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Pr\u00fc\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiana","family":"Franke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1294_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.103031","volume":"72","author":"SA Ahmad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ahmad\u00a0SA, Kakamad\u00a0FH, Mohamad\u00a0HS et al (2021) Post COVID-19 cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; a\u00a0case report. 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