{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:13:44Z","timestamp":1786979624212,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"name":"Klinikum der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nervenarzt"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a\u00a0severe psychiatric disorder with the highest mortality rate among eating disorders. It predominantly affects adolescents and young adults, with a\u00a0significant increase in prevalence among adolescents observed since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is frequently associated with other psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders as well as numerous physical complications. An early diagnosis and treatment are associated with better outcomes. The treatment of choice for AN includes cognitive behavioral therapy and family-based therapy for children and adolescents. Innovative treatment approaches, such as home treatment and technology-based interventions, have shown promising preliminary results. With the exception of moderate evidence supporting the use of olanzapine regarding weight gain, there is currently no evidence for the efficacy of psychopharmacotherapy in AN. Future research should focus on prevention, early detection and intervention, relapse prevention, personalized treatment approaches, management of comorbid disorders, long-term studies and the influence of psychosocial factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-025-01820-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T09:15:33Z","timestamp":1748423733000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anorexia nervosa\u2014an update","Anorexia nervosa \u2013\u00a0ein Update. Englische Version"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Voderholzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Naab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Cuntz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Schlegl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1820_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22759","volume":"50","author":"KE Anderson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anderson\u00a0KE, Byrne\u00a0CE, Crosby\u00a0RD et\u00a0al (2017) Utilizing telehealth to deliver family-based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 50:1235\u20131238","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR2","volume-title":"Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with eating disorders","author":"APA","year":"2023","unstructured":"APA (2023) Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with eating disorders. American Psychiatric Association, Washington (DC)"},{"key":"1820_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24252","author":"A Austin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Austin\u00a0A, Anderson\u00a0AG, Lee\u00a0J et\u00a0al (2024) Efficacy of eating disorder focused family therapy for adolescents with anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.24252","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-024-01504-5","volume":"26","author":"J Baudinet","year":"2024","unstructured":"Baudinet\u00a0J, Eisler\u00a0I (2024) Multi-family therapy for eating disorders across the lifespan. Curr Psychiatry Rep 26:323\u2013329","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"1820_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-025-01804-y","author":"T Bauman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bauman\u00a0T, Voderholzer\u00a0U (2025) Pharmakotherapie der Essst\u00f6rungen \u2013 ein Update. Nervenarzt. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01804-y","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"key":"1820_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1159\/000530932","volume":"92","author":"SC Behrens","year":"2023","unstructured":"Behrens\u00a0SC, Tesch\u00a0J, Sun\u00a0PJB et\u00a0al (2023) Virtual reality exposure to a\u00a0healthy weight body is a\u00a0promising adjunct treatment for anorexia nervosa. Psychother Psychosom 92:170\u2013179","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"1820_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2017.12.008","volume":"150","author":"MA Castro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Castro\u00a0MA, Mart\u00ednez\u00a0CV (2018) The refeeding syndrome. Importance of phosphorus. Med Cl\u00ednica 150:472\u2013478","journal-title":"Med Cl\u00ednica"},{"key":"1820_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122378","author":"U Cuntz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cuntz\u00a0U, Voderholzer\u00a0U (2022) Liver damage is related to the degree of being underweight in anorexia nervosa and improves rapidly with weight gain. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14122378","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1820_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2877","volume":"30","author":"U Cuntz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cuntz\u00a0U, K\u00f6rner\u00a0T, Voderholzer\u00a0U (2022) Rapid renutrition improves health status in severely malnourished inpatients with AN\u2014score-based evaluation of a\u00a0high caloric refeeding protocol in severely malnourished inpatients with anorexia nervosa in an intermediate care unit. Eur Eat Disord Rev 30:178\u2013189","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1820_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1381\/096089202320995475","volume":"12","author":"M Deitel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Deitel\u00a0M (2002) Anorexia nervosa following bariatric surgery. Obes Surg 12:729\u2013730","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"1820_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1159\/000504583","volume":"89","author":"N Dittmer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dittmer\u00a0N, Voderholzer\u00a0U, M\u00f6nch\u00a0C et\u00a0al (2020) Efficacy of a\u00a0specialized group intervention for compulsive exercise in inpatients with anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0randomized controlled trial. Psychother Psychosom 89:161\u2013173","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"1820_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000739","volume":"34","author":"AE van Eeden","year":"2021","unstructured":"van Eeden\u00a0AE, van Hoeken\u00a0D, Hoek\u00a0HW (2021) Incidence, prevalence and mortality of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Curr Opin Psychiatry 34:515\u2013524","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR13","volume-title":"Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie und Essst\u00f6rungen","author":"CG Fairburn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fairburn\u00a0CG (2018) Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie und Essst\u00f6rungen. Klett-Cotta"},{"key":"1820_CR14","volume-title":"Anorexia nervosa: Fokale psychodynamische Psychotherapie","author":"H-C Friederich","year":"2014","unstructured":"Friederich\u00a0H\u2011C, Herzog\u00a0W, Wild\u00a0B et\u00a0al (2014) Anorexia nervosa: Fokale psychodynamische Psychotherapie. Hogrefe"},{"key":"1820_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-021-00416-6","volume":"9","author":"KE Giel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Giel\u00a0KE, Martus\u00a0P, Schag\u00a0K et\u00a0al (2021) Specialized post-inpatient psychotherapy for sustained recovery in anorexia nervosa via videoconference\u2014study protocol of the randomized controlled SUSTAIN trial. J\u00a0Eat Disord 9:61","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2019.01.004","volume":"42","author":"S Gorrell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gorrell\u00a0S, Loeb\u00a0KL, Le Grange\u00a0D (2019) Family-based treatment of eating disorders: a\u00a0narrative review. Psychiatr Clin North Am 42:193\u2013204","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"1820_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-080822-043256","volume":"20","author":"CM Grilo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Grilo\u00a0CM (2024) Treatment of eating disorders: current status, challenges, and future directions. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 20:97\u2013123","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol"},{"key":"1820_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24098","volume":"57","author":"V Haas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haas\u00a0V, Wechsung\u00a0K, Kaiser\u00a0V et\u00a0al (2024) Comparing family-based treatment with inpatient treatment in youth with anorexia nervosa eligible for hospitalization: a\u00a012-month feasibility study. Int J Eat Disord 57:388\u2013399","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR19","first-page":"86","volume":"121","author":"G Halbeisen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Halbeisen\u00a0G, Laskowski\u00a0N, Brandt\u00a0G et\u00a0al (2024) Eating disorders in men. Dtsch \u00c4rztebl Int 121:86\u201391","journal-title":"Dtsch \u00c4rztebl Int"},{"key":"1820_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00654-2","volume":"10","author":"A Hambleton","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hambleton\u00a0A, Pepin\u00a0G, Le\u00a0A et\u00a0al (2022) Psychiatric and medical comorbidities of eating disorders: findings from a\u00a0rapid review of the literature. J\u00a0Eat Disord 10:132","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24286","volume":"57","author":"J Hebebrand","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hebebrand\u00a0J, Antel\u00a0J, Concei\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0E et\u00a0al (2024) What amount of weight loss can entail anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa after bariatric surgery? Int J Eat Disord 57:2461\u20132468","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-59606-7","volume-title":"S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Behandlung der Essst\u00f6rungen","author":"S Herpertz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Herpertz\u00a0S, Fichter\u00a0M, Herpertz-Dahlmann\u00a0B et\u00a0al (2019) S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Behandlung der Essst\u00f6rungen. Springer"},{"key":"1820_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2755","volume":"29","author":"B Herpertz-Dahlmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Herpertz-Dahlmann\u00a0B, Borzikowsky\u00a0C, Altdorf\u00a0S et\u00a0al (2021) \u201cTherapists in action\u201d-home treatment in adolescent anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0stepped care approach to shorten inpatient treatment. Eur Eat Disord Rev 29:427\u2013442","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1820_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.602720","author":"H Himmerich","year":"2023","unstructured":"Himmerich\u00a0H, Lewis\u00a0YD, Conti\u00a0C et\u00a0al (2023on) World federation of societies of biological psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines update 2023 on the pharmacological treatment of eating disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15622975.2011.602720","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-021-00826-3","volume":"110","author":"C Hung","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hung\u00a0C, Mu\u00f1oz\u00a0M, Shibli-Rahhal\u00a0A (2022) Anorexia nervosa and osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int 110:562\u2013575","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"1820_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24307","author":"I Inal-Kaleli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Inal-Kaleli\u00a0I, Dogan\u00a0N, Kose\u00a0S et\u00a0al (2024) Investigating the presence of autistic traits and prevalence of autism spectrum disorder symptoms in anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eat.24307","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23989","volume":"57","author":"S Johnson-Munguia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Johnson-Munguia\u00a0S, Negi\u00a0S, Chen\u00a0Y et\u00a0al (2024) Eating disorder psychopathology, psychiatric impairment, and symptom frequency of atypical anorexia nervosa versus anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 57:761\u2013779","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-023-05305-5","volume":"183","author":"S Jomah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jomah\u00a0S, Hillel\u00a0YD, Lowenthal\u00a0A et\u00a0al (2024) Cardiac involvement and its clinical significance in patients with anorexia nervosa. Eur J Pediatr 183:95\u2013102","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"1820_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-02102-w","volume":"12","author":"D Karaszewska","year":"2022","unstructured":"Karaszewska\u00a0D, Cleintuar\u00a0P, Oudijn\u00a0M et\u00a0al (2022) Efficacy and safety of deep brain stimulation for treatment-refractory anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Psychiatry 12:333","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000965","volume":"37","author":"A Keski-Rahkonen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Keski-Rahkonen\u00a0A (2024) Eating disorders: etiology, risk factors, and suggestions for prevention. Curr Opin Psychiatry 37:381\u2013387","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2025.102547","volume":"116","author":"I Krug","year":"2025","unstructured":"Krug\u00a0I, Liu\u00a0S, Portingale\u00a0J et\u00a0al (2025) A meta-analysis of mortality rates in eating disorders: an update of the literature from 2010 to 2024. Clin Psychol Rev 116:102547","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1820_CR32","volume-title":"Manual der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie bei Anorexie und Bulimie","author":"T Legenbauer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Legenbauer\u00a0T, Vocks\u00a0S (2013) Manual der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie bei Anorexie und Bulimie. Springer"},{"key":"1820_CR33","volume-title":"Treatment manual for anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0family-based approach","author":"J Lock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lock\u00a0J, Le Grange\u00a0D (2015) Treatment manual for anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0family-based approach. Guilford"},{"key":"1820_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.22503","volume":"49","author":"PS Mehler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mehler\u00a0PS, Walsh\u00a0K (2016) Electrolyte and acid-base abnormalities associated with purging behaviors. Int J Eat Disord 49:311\u2013318","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23664","volume":"55","author":"PS Mehler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mehler\u00a0PS, Watters\u00a0A, Joiner\u00a0T et\u00a0al (2022) What accounts for the high mortality of anorexia nervosa? Int J Eat Disord 55:633\u2013636","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.1122","volume":"19","author":"C Meyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meyer\u00a0C, Taranis\u00a0L, Goodwin\u00a0H et\u00a0al (2011) Compulsive exercise and eating disorders. Eur Eat Disord Rev 19:174\u2013189","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1820_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1768452","volume":"27","author":"A Miquel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miquel\u00a0A, Bousson\u00a0V (2023) Bone in anorexia. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 27:457\u2013462","journal-title":"Semin Musculoskelet Radiol"},{"key":"1820_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23687","volume":"55","author":"NC Momen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Momen\u00a0NC, Plana-Ripoll\u00a0O, Yilmaz\u00a0Z et\u00a0al (2022) Comorbidity between eating disorders and psychiatric disorders. Int J Eat Disord 55:505\u2013517","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000961","volume":"37","author":"AM Monteleone","year":"2024","unstructured":"Monteleone\u00a0AM, Abbate-Daga\u00a0G (2024) Effectiveness and predictors of psychotherapy in eating disorders: state-of-the-art and future directions. Curr Opin Psychiatry 37:417\u2013423","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104857","volume":"142","author":"AM Monteleone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Monteleone\u00a0AM, Pellegrino\u00a0F, Croatto\u00a0G et\u00a0al (2022) Treatment of eating disorders: a\u00a0systematic meta-review of meta-analyses and network meta-analyses. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 142:104857","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"1820_CR41","volume-title":"Eating disorders: recognition and treatment","author":"NICE","year":"2020","unstructured":"NICE (2020) Eating disorders: recognition and treatment. Free Books & Documents"},{"key":"1820_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.24104","volume":"57","author":"LG \u00d6st","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u00d6st\u00a0LG, Brattmyr\u00a0M, Finnes\u00a0A et\u00a0al (2024) Cognitive behavior therapy for adult eating disorders in routine clinical care: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord 57:249\u2013264","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2882","volume":"30","author":"D Pauli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pauli\u00a0D, Fl\u00fctsch\u00a0N, Hilti\u00a0N, Schr\u00e4er\u00a0C et\u00a0al (2022) Home treatment as an add-on to family-based treatment in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0pilot study. Eur Eat Disord Rev 30:168\u2013177","journal-title":"Eur Eat Disord Rev"},{"key":"1820_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-023-00833-9","volume":"11","author":"SC Rodan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rodan\u00a0SC, Bryant\u00a0E, Le\u00a0A et\u00a0al (2023) Pharmacotherapy, alternative and adjunctive therapies for eating disorders: findings from a\u00a0rapid review. J\u00a0Eat Disord 11:112","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-023-00886-w","volume":"11","author":"H Russell","year":"2023","unstructured":"Russell\u00a0H, Aouad\u00a0P, Le\u00a0A et\u00a0al (2023) Psychotherapies for eating disorders: findings from a\u00a0rapid review. J\u00a0Eat Disord 11:175","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23357","volume":"53","author":"S Schlegl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schlegl\u00a0S, Neumayr\u00a0C, Voderholzer\u00a0U (2020) Therapist-guided smartphone-based aftercare for inpatients with severe anorexia nervosa (SMART-AN): study protocol of a\u00a0randomized controlled trial. Int J Eat Disord 53:1739\u20131745","journal-title":"Int J Eat Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0977-3413","volume":"70","author":"S Schlegl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schlegl\u00a0S, Voderholzer\u00a0U, Maier\u00a0J et\u00a0al (2020) Efficacy, moderators and mediators of manualized family-based treatments in adolescents with eating disorders: a\u00a0systematic review. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 70:112\u2013121","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol"},{"key":"1820_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1891\/0889-8391.28.1.48","volume":"28","author":"U Schmidt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schmidt\u00a0U, Wade\u00a0TD, Treasure\u00a0J (2014) The Maudsley model of anorexia nervosa treatment for adults (MANTRA): development, key features, and preliminary evidence. J\u00a0Cogn Psychother 28:48\u201371","journal-title":"J Cogn Psychother"},{"key":"1820_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000818","volume":"35","author":"Y Sil\u00e9n","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sil\u00e9n\u00a0Y, Keski-Rahkonen\u00a0A (2022) Worldwide prevalence of DSM\u20115 eating disorders among young people. Curr Opin Psychiatry 35:362\u2013371","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30566-6","volume":"8","author":"M Solmi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Solmi\u00a0M, Wade\u00a0T, Byrne\u00a0S et\u00a0al (2021) Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychological interventions for the treatment of adult outpatients with anorexia nervosa: a\u00a0systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 8:215\u2013224","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21182","volume":"23","author":"M Solmi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Solmi\u00a0M, Monaco\u00a0F, H\u00f8jlund\u00a0M et\u00a0al (2024) Outcomes in people with eating disorders: a\u00a0transdiagnostic and disorder-specific systematic review, meta-analysis and multivariable meta-regression analysis. World Psychiatry 23:124\u2013138","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.11005\/jbm.2019.26.3.133","volume":"26","author":"J Steinman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Steinman\u00a0J, Shibli-Rahhal\u00a0A (2019) Anorexia nervosa and osteoporosis: pathophysiology and treatment. J\u00a0Bone Metab 26:133\u2013143","journal-title":"J Bone Metab"},{"key":"1820_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-014-0138-z","volume":"19","author":"C Stheneur","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stheneur\u00a0C, Bergeron\u00a0S, Lapeyraque\u00a0AL (2014) Renal complications in anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 19:455\u2013460","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"key":"1820_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15173783","author":"M Vogel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vogel\u00a0M, Gil\u00a0A, Galaz\u00a0C et\u00a0al (2023) Virtually accompanied eating in the outpatient therapy of anorexia nervosa. Nutrients. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15173783","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1820_CR55","volume-title":"Eating disorders prevention, treatment & management: an evidence review","author":"H Watson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Watson\u00a0H, Dreher\u00a0C, Steele\u00a0A (2010) Eating disorders prevention, treatment & management: an evidence review. The National Eating Disorders Collaboration"},{"key":"1820_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-024-02544-1","author":"GJ Wergeland","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wergeland\u00a0GJ, Ghaderi\u00a0A, Fjermestad\u00a0K et\u00a0al (2024) Family therapy and cognitive behavior therapy for eating disorders in children and adolescents in routine clinical care: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00787-024-02544-1","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1820_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-024-01079-9","volume":"12","author":"JA Wonderlich","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wonderlich\u00a0JA, Dodd\u00a0DR, Sondag\u00a0C et\u00a0al (2024) Clinical and scientific review of severe and enduring anorexia nervosa in intensive care settings: introducing an innovative treatment paradigm. J\u00a0Eat Disord 12:131","journal-title":"J Eat Disord"}],"container-title":["Der Nervenarzt"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01820-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01820-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01820-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T10:02:35Z","timestamp":1748426555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01820-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["1820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01820-y","relation":{"is-translation-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00115-025-01819-5","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00115-025-01819-5","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-2804","1433-0407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-2804","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 February 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"U.\u00a0Voderholzer, S.\u00a0Naab, U.\u00a0Cuntz, and S.\u00a0Schlegl declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The supplement containing this article is not sponsored by industry.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}