{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:19:42Z","timestamp":1772119182118,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758153600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Freiburg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nervenarzt"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The current article reviews adjustments that were made to the classification of sleep disorders in the 11th\u00a0revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) in comparison to the 10th\u00a0revision of the coding system (ICD-10). A\u00a0new chapter on sleep-wake disorders was introduced as chapter\u00a07 in ICD-11, removing the distinction in nonorganic and organic sleep disorders that was used in ICD-10. The rationale for this was the commonsense notion that clinicians and researchers have difficulties to identify the etiology of insomnia and to establish causality between insomnia and coexisting conditions. With respect to sleep disorders that were previously included in chapter\u00a0V \u201cMental and behavioural disorders\u201d of the ICD-10, the following important changes were made: the diagnosis of insomnia disorder can now be made as comorbid with other mental disorders or physical illnesses if the insomnia symptoms are a\u00a0focus of independent clinical attention, non-restorative sleep alone without difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep is not sufficient anymore to diagnose insomnia disorder and new diagnostic categories have been created, including insufficient sleep syndrome and sleep-related eating disorder. Future research will show whether the adjustments in ICD-11 will help clinicians to make reliable and clinically useful diagnoses and whether this improves routine clinical care for sleep disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-025-01859-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T08:14:46Z","timestamp":1758183286000},"page":"22-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sleep disorders: comparison of ICD-11 and ICD-10","Schlafst\u00f6rungen: Vergleich von ICD-11 und ICD-10. Englische Version"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Kai","family":"Spiegelhalder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Riemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1859_CR1","volume-title":"The International Classification of Sleep Disorders","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2014","unstructured":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2014) The International Classification of Sleep Disorders. American Academy of Sleep Medicine"},{"key":"1859_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2018.10.006","volume":"43","author":"E Hertenstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hertenstein\u00a0E, Feige\u00a0B, Gmeiner\u00a0T et\u00a0al (2019) Insomnia as a\u00a0predictor of mental disorders: a\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 43:96\u2013105","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"1859_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0361-7","volume":"51","author":"JM Lane","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lane\u00a0JM, Jones\u00a0SE, Dashti\u00a0HS et\u00a0al (2019) Biological and clinical insights from genetics of insomnia symptoms. Nat Genet 51:387\u2013393","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"1859_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3406","volume":"37","author":"CM Morin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morin\u00a0CM, Leblanc\u00a0M, Ivers\u00a0H et\u00a0al (2014) Monthly fluctuations of insomnia symptoms in a\u00a0population-based sample. Sleep 37:319\u2013326","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1859_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14035","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14035","volume":"32","author":"D Riemann","year":"2023","unstructured":"Riemann\u00a0D, Espie\u00a0CA, Altena\u00a0E et\u00a0al (2023) The European Insomnia Guideline: an update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia 2023. J\u00a0Sleep Res 32:e14035","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"1859_CR6","unstructured":"Spiegelhalder K, Baum E, Becker M et\u00a0al (2025) Leitlinie \u201eInsomnie bei Erwachsenen\u201c \u2013 Update 2025. https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/063-003l_S3_Insomnie-bei-Erwachsenen_2025-04.pdf"},{"key":"1859_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zsaf007","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaf007","volume":"48","author":"U Tsovoosed","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tsovoosed\u00a0U, Sumi\u00a0Y, Ozeki\u00a0Y et\u00a0al (2025) Prevalence and impact of exploding head syndrome in a\u00a0Japanese working population. Sleep 48:zsaf7","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1859_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2624","volume":"36","author":"J Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang\u00a0J, Lamers\u00a0F, Hickie\u00a0IB et\u00a0al (2013) Differentiating nonrestorative sleep from nocturnal insomnia symptoms: demographic, clinical, inflammatory, and functional correlates. Sleep 36:671\u2013679","journal-title":"Sleep"}],"container-title":["Der Nervenarzt"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01859-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01859-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01859-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T16:22:40Z","timestamp":1763742160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01859-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00115-025-01859-x","relation":{"is-translation-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00115-025-01858-y","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00115-025-01858-y","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-2804","1433-0407"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-2804","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0407","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 June 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"K.\u00a0Spiegelhalder and D.\u00a0Riemann declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The supplement containing this article is not sponsored by industry.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}