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Through trait\u2013segregation and marker\u2013trait association analyses, we identified a major locus on Chromosome 14 tightly associated with the dwarf trait. Subsequently, we conducted a bulked RNA-seq analysis, fine mapped the dwarf trait and identified\n                    <jats:italic>VviBR6OX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in brassinosteroid synthesis, as a candidate gene for the observed dwarfism. RNA-seq sequence analyses revealed two in-frame deletions in the gene: a 12-bp deletion in exon 1 and a 9-bp deletion in exon 4. A survey of the two indels in\n                    <jats:italic>Vitis<\/jats:italic>\n                    germplasm suggested that the 9-bp deletion is most likely the cause of dwarfism in the mutant. We recreated similar dwarf grapevines by knocking out\n                    <jats:italic>VviBR6OX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    using CRISPR\/Cas9 gene editing and confirmed\n                    <jats:italic>VviBR6OX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2019s role in controlling vine architecture. Additionally, we observed several vines with an extreme compact dwarf phenotype and determined that the compact dwarfing phenotype was a result of simultaneous editing of a second\n                    <jats:italic>BR6OX<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene,\n                    <jats:italic>VviBR6OX2<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The discovery of BR-related dwarfism in grapevine provides an important genetic avenue for developing desirable vine architecture for various breeding purposes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-026-05225-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:55:33Z","timestamp":1777877733000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["First brassinosteroid-based dwarf mutant discovered and characterized in grapevine"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Yingzhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Arro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeline","family":"Oravec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Reisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gan-Yuan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"5225_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhae050","volume":"11","author":"S Alonso","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alonso S, Cebri\u00e1n G, Gautam K, Iglesias-Moya J, Mart\u00ednez C, Jamilena M (2024) A mutation in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis gene CpDWF5 disrupts vegetative and reproductive development and the salt stress response in squash (Cucurbita pepo). 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