{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:39:41Z","timestamp":1790912381998,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH NIDDK","award":["1DP3DK104386-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1DP3DK104386-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4653-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]],"date-time":"2018-06-04T16:21:41Z","timestamp":1528129301000},"page":"1856-1861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":143,"title":["Corneal confocal microscopy for identification of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy: a pooled multinational consortium study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Perkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leif E.","family":"Lovblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Bril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Scarr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilia","family":"Ostrovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Orszag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Pritchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cirous","family":"Dehghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dani\u00e8le","family":"Pacaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Romanchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean K.","family":"Mah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Jeziorska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roni M.","family":"Shtein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodica","family":"Pop-Busui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen I.","family":"Lentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J. M.","family":"Boulton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Tavakoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Efron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rayaz A.","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4653_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2042","volume":"40","author":"R Pop-Busui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pop-Busui R, Boulton AJ, Feldman EL et al (2017) Diabetic neuropathy: a position statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care 40:136\u2013154","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"4653_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410380607","volume":"38","author":"DCCT Research Group","year":"1995","unstructured":"DCCT Research Group (1995) Effect of intensive diabetes treatment on nerve conduction in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Ann Neurol 38:869\u2013880","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"4653_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2005","volume":"37","author":"A Breiner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Breiner A, Lovblom LE, Perkins BA, Bril V (2014) Does the prevailing hypothesis that small-fiber dysfunction precedes large-fiber dysfunction apply to type 1 diabetic patients? Diabetes Care 37:1418\u20131424","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"4653_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2573642","volume":"64","author":"X Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen X, Graham J, Dabbah MA, Petropoulos IN, Tavakoli M, Malik RA (2017) An automatic tool for quantification of nerve fibers in corneal confocal microscopy images. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 64:786\u2013794","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"4653_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0253","volume":"33","author":"M Tavakoli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tavakoli M, Quattrini C, Abbott C et al (2010) Corneal confocal microscopy: a novel noninvasive test to diagnose and stratify the severity of human diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care 33:1792\u20131797","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"4653_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1396","volume":"35","author":"A Ahmed","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ahmed A, Bril V, Orszag A et al (2012) Detection of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy by corneal confocal microscopy in type 1 diabetes: a concurrent validity study. Diabetes Care 35:821\u2013828","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"4653_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306038","volume":"100","author":"MS Jiang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jiang MS, Yuan Y, Gu ZX, Zhuang SL (2016) Corneal confocal microscopy for assessment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a meta-analysis. Br J Ophthalmol 100:9\u201314","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"4653_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h5527","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h5527","volume":"351","author":"PM Bossuyt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bossuyt PM, Reitsma JB, Bruns DE et al (2015) STARD 2015: an updated list of essential items for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies. BMJ 351:h5527","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4653_CR9","first-page":"2194","volume":"47","author":"M Tavakoli","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tavakoli M, Malik RA (2011) Corneal confocal microscopy: a novel non-invasive technique to quantify small fibre pathology in peripheral neuropathies. J Vis Exp 47:2194\u20133001","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"4653_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2311","volume":"38","author":"M Tavakoli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tavakoli M, Ferdousi M, Petropoulos IN et al (2015) Normative values for corneal nerve morphology assessed using corneal confocal microscopy: a multinational normative data set. Diabetes Care 38:838\u2013843","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["Diabetologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00125-018-4653-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00125-018-4653-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00125-018-4653-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T23:03:50Z","timestamp":1559603030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00125-018-4653-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-018-4653-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-186X","1432-0428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-186X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0428","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 January 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 April 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"BAP reports grants from CIHR, NIH and JDRF, speaker honoraria from Medtronic, Johnson & Johnson, Insulet, Abbott, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi and research grant support from Medtronic and Boehringer Ingelheim and serves as a consultant for Boehringer Ingelheim, Insulet and Novo Nordisk. NE reports grants from JDRF and NHMRC during the conduct of the study. DP reports grants from NIH RFA DK-13-027 and grants from JDRF during the conduct of the study. JKM has received research grants from Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, PTC Therapeutics, Sanofi Genzyme, Novartis, ReveraGen Pharma and Biogen. SIL reports grants from NIH-DHHS-US through a consortium with Mount Sinai Hospital and grants from NIH-NIDDK Michigan Diabetes Research Center Diabetes Interdisciplinary Study Grant during the conduct of the study. All other authors declare that there is no duality of interest associated with their contribution to this manuscript.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Duality of interest"}}]}}