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In a new population-based study by Rolandsson et al (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-019-05016-3\">10.1007\/s00125-019-05016-3<\/jats:ext-link>), autoimmunity, defined by an immunogenotype, predicted adult-onset non-insulin requiring diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is no longer viewed as a disease confined to children, with a significant proportion, maybe the majority, presenting in adulthood. Such cases masquerade as type 2 diabetes and their identification has clinical utility. 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