{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T21:35:06Z","timestamp":1782336906542,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631923200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017268","name":"Berlin Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Twinning Research Grant (TRG) - Fetal programming"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Twinning Research Grant (TRG) - Fetal programming"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB1365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB1365"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aims\/hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The impact of diabetic pregnancy has been investigated extensively regarding offspring metabolism; however, little is known about the influence on the heart. We aimed to characterise the effects of a diabetic pregnancy on male adult offspring cardiac health after feeding a high-fat diet in an established transgenic rat model.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We applied our rat model for maternal type 2 diabetes characterised by maternal insulin resistance with hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia. Diabetes was induced preconceptionally via doxycycline-induced knock down of the insulin receptor in transgenic rats. Male wild-type offspring of diabetic and normoglycaemic pregnancies were raised by foster mothers, followed up into adulthood and subgroups were challenged by a high-fat diet. Cardiac phenotype was assessed by innovative speckle tracking echocardiography, circulating factors, immunohistochemistry and gene expression in the heart.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>When feeding normal chow, we did not observe differences in cardiac function, gene expression and plasma brain natriuretic peptide between adult diabetic or normoglycaemic offspring. Interestingly, when being fed a high-fat diet, adult offspring of diabetic pregnancy demonstrated decreased global longitudinal (\u221214.82\u2009\u00b1\u20090.59 vs \u221216.60\u2009\u00b1\u20090.48%) and circumferential strain (\u221223.40\u2009\u00b1\u20090.57 vs \u221226.74\u2009\u00b1\u20090.34%), increased relative wall thickness (0.53\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06 vs 0.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02), altered cardiac gene expression, enlarged cardiomyocytes (106.60\u2009\u00b1\u20094.14 vs 87.94\u2009\u00b1\u20091.67\u00a0\u03bcm), an accumulation of immune cells in the heart (10.27\u2009\u00b1\u20090.30 vs 6.48\u2009\u00b1\u20090.48 per fov) and higher plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels (0.50\u2009\u00b1\u20090.12 vs 0.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03\u00a0ng\/ml) compared with normoglycaemic offspring on a high-fat diet. Blood pressure, urinary albumin, blood glucose and body weight were unaltered between groups on a high-fat diet.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions\/interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Diabetic pregnancy in rats induces cardiac dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy and altered proinflammatory status in adult offspring only after a high-fat diet. A diabetic pregnancy itself was not sufficient to impair myocardial function and gene expression in male offspring later in life. This suggests that a postnatal high-fat diet is important for the development of cardiac dysfunction in rat offspring after diabetic pregnancy. Our data provide evidence that a diabetic pregnancy is a novel cardiac risk factor that becomes relevant when other challenges, such as a high-fat diet, are present.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-021-05566-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T22:02:20Z","timestamp":1632002540000},"page":"2829-2842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Diabetic pregnancy as a novel risk factor for cardiac dysfunction in the offspring\u2014the heart as a target for fetal programming in rats"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4869-2766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Till","family":"Sch\u00fctte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0124-2557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Kedziora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0727-1738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"Haase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9305-8134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Herse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6071-5433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Alenina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3650-5644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik N.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4780-4164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Bader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3720-1052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Schupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6636-3080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ralf","family":"Dechend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3030-2678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela","family":"Golic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4032-5382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin","family":"Kr\u00e4ker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"5566_CR1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation (2019) IDF Diabetes Atlas, Brussels, Belgium"},{"key":"5566_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mayer-Davis EJ, Lawrence JM, Dabelea D et al (2017) Incidence Trends of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among youths, 2002-2012. N Engl J Med 376(15):1419\u20131429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1610187","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1610187"},{"key":"5566_CR3","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) Gestational diabetes. Available from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/gestational.html. Accessed 21 April 2020"},{"issue":"5","key":"5566_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1375\/1369052012498","volume":"4","author":"SA Stanner","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stanner SA, Yudkin JS (2001) Fetal programming and the Leningrad Siege study. Twin Res 4(5):287\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1375\/1369052012498","journal-title":"Twin Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"5566_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2361","volume":"30","author":"TA Hillier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hillier TA, Pedula KL, Schmidt MM, Mullen JA, Charles MA, Pettitt DJ (2007) Childhood obesity and metabolic imprinting: the ongoing effects of maternal hyperglycemia. Diabetes Care 30(9):2287\u20132292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc06-2361","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"5566_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.16.1.310","volume":"16","author":"DJ Pettitt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Saad MF, Bennett PH, Knowler WC (1993) Diabetes and obesity in the offspring of Pima Indian women with diabetes during pregnancy. Diabetes Care 16(1):310\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diacare.16.1.310","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"5566_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198302033080502","volume":"308","author":"DJ Pettitt","year":"1983","unstructured":"Pettitt DJ, Baird HR, Aleck KA, Bennett PH, Knowler WC (1983) Excessive obesity in offspring of Pima Indian women with diabetes during pregnancy. N Engl J Med 308(5):242\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM198302033080502","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5566_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6661(200001\/02)9:1<83::AID-MFM17>3.0.CO;2-O","volume":"9","author":"D Dabelea","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dabelea D, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ (2000) Effect of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring: follow-up research in the Pima Indians. J Matern Fetal Med 9(1):83\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6661(200001\/02)9:1<83::AID-MFM17>3.0.CO;2-O","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"5566_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4809-6","volume":"62","author":"WL Lowe Jr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lowe WL Jr, Lowe LP, Kuang A et al (2019) Maternal glucose levels during pregnancy and childhood adiposity in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-up Study. Diabetologia 62(4):598\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-018-4809-6","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"5566_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c140036","volume":"5","author":"BT Alexander","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alexander BT, Dasinger JH, Intapad S (2015) Fetal programming and cardiovascular pathology. Compr Physiol 5(2):997\u20131025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cphy.c140036","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"5566_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l6398","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6398","volume":"367","author":"Y Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu Y, Arah OA, Liew Z et al (2019) Maternal diabetes during pregnancy and early onset of cardiovascular disease in offspring: population based cohort study with 40 years of follow-up. BMJ 367:l6398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l6398","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"5566_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-122-2-456","volume":"122","author":"Y Imai","year":"1988","unstructured":"Imai Y, Rodan SB, Rodan GA (1988) Effects of retinoic acid on alkaline phosphatase messenger ribonucleic acid, catecholamine receptors, and G proteins in ROS 17\/2.8 cells. Endocrinology 122(2):456\u2013463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/endo-122-2-456","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"11","key":"5566_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3114","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2689-8","volume":"55","author":"A Aceti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aceti A, Santhakumaran S, Logan KM et al (2012) The diabetic pregnancy and offspring blood pressure in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia 55(11):3114\u20133127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-012-2689-8","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"5566_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miranda JO, Cerqueira RJ, Barros H, Areias JC (2019) Maternal diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for high blood pressure in late childhood. Hypertension 73(1):e1\u2013e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11761","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11761"},{"issue":"5","key":"5566_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E611","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00043.2013","volume":"305","author":"L Lehtoranta","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lehtoranta L, Vuolteenaho O, Laine VJ et al (2013) Maternal hyperglycemia leads to fetal cardiac hyperplasia and dysfunction in a rat model. Am J Phys Endocrinol Metab 305(5):E611\u2013E619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00043.2013","journal-title":"Am J Phys Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"5566_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gordon EE, Reinking BE, Hu S et al (2015) Maternal hyperglycemia directly and rapidly induces cardiac septal overgrowth in fetal rats. J Diabetes Res 2015:479565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/479565","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/479565"},{"issue":"2","key":"5566_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.42","volume":"82","author":"L Lehtoranta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lehtoranta L, Koskinen A, Vuolteenaho O et al (2017) Gestational hyperglycemia reprograms cardiac gene expression in rat offspring. Pediatr Res 82(2):356\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pr.2017.42","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"5566_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.253104","volume":"110","author":"WC Stanley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stanley WC, Dabkowski ER, Ribeiro RF Jr, O'Connell KA (2012) Dietary fat and heart failure: moving from lipotoxicity to lipoprotection. Circ Res 110(5):764\u2013776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.253104","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"5566_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000224147.01024.77","volume":"48","author":"JF Carroll","year":"2006","unstructured":"Carroll JF, Zenebe WJ, Strange TB (2006) Cardiovascular function in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. Hypertension 48(1):65\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.HYP.0000224147.01024.77","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"5566_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R547","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.281.2.R547","volume":"281","author":"SM Fitzgerald","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fitzgerald SM, Henegar JR, Brands MW, Henegar LK, Hall JE (2001) Cardiovascular and renal responses to a high-fat diet in Osborne-Mendel rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 281(2):R547\u2013R552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.281.2.R547","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5566_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5124","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005124","volume":"4","author":"K Kotnik","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kotnik K, Popova E, Todiras M et al (2009) Inducible transgenic rat model for diabetes mellitus based on shRNA-mediated gene knockdown. PLoS One 4(4):e5124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0005124","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"5566_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Golic M, Stojanovska V, Bendix I et al (2018) Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy leads to growth restriction and epigenetic modification of the Srebf2 gene in rat fetuses. Hypertension 71(5):911\u2013920. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10782","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10782"},{"key":"5566_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schutte T, Kedziora SM, Haase N et al (2021) Intrauterine exposure to diabetic milieu does not induce diabetes and obesity in male adulthood in a novel rat model. Hypertension 77(1):202\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16360","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16360"},{"key":"5566_CR24","unstructured":"National Research Council (U.S.). Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (U.S.), National Academies Press (U.S.) (2011) Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, pp xxv"},{"issue":"2","key":"5566_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.10.001","volume":"69","author":"T Nishikimi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nishikimi T, Maeda N, Matsuoka H (2006) The role of natriuretic peptides in cardioprotection. Cardiovasc Res 69(2):318\u2013328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.10.001","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"5566_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20080581","volume":"117","author":"J Niu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Niu J, Kolattukudy PE (2009) Role of MCP-1 in cardiovascular disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Clin Sci (Lond) 117(3):95\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/CS20080581","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"5566_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(99)00600-2","volume":"35","author":"AM Feldman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Feldman AM, Combes A, Wagner D et al (2000) The role of tumor necrosis factor in the pathophysiology of heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 35(3):537\u2013544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0735-1097(99)00600-2","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5566_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.86.4.386","volume":"86","author":"S Miyata","year":"2000","unstructured":"Miyata S, Minobe W, Bristow MR, Leinwand LA (2000) Myosin heavy chain isoform expression in the failing and nonfailing human heart. Circ Res 86(4):386\u2013390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.res.86.4.386","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"5566_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2004.11.016","volume":"66","author":"M Volkova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Volkova M, Garg R, Dick S, Boheler KR (2005) Aging-associated changes in cardiac gene expression. Cardiovasc Res 66(2):194\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardiores.2004.11.016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"23","key":"5566_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14988","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.232308999","volume":"99","author":"CK Lee","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lee CK, Allison DB, Brand J, Weindruch R, Prolla TA (2002) Transcriptional profiles associated with aging and middle age-onset caloric restriction in mouse hearts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99(23):14988\u201314993. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.232308999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"12","key":"5566_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.08.043","volume":"28","author":"T Shavlakadze","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shavlakadze T, Morris M, Fang J et al (2019) Age-Related Gene Expression Signature in Rats Demonstrate Early, Late, and Linear Transcriptional Changes from Multiple Tissues. Cell Rep 28(12):3263\u20133273 e3263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.08.043","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"5566_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05100.x","volume":"1188","author":"H Taegtmeyer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Taegtmeyer H, Sen S, Vela D (2010) Return to the fetal gene program: a suggested metabolic link to gene expression in the heart. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1188:191\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05100.x","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"5566_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2006.00963.x","volume":"50","author":"L Bal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bal L, Thierry S, Brocas E et al (2006) B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal-proBNP for heart failure diagnosis in shock or acute respiratory distress. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 50(3):340\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2006.00963.x","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"5566_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v2.i1.1","volume":"2","author":"S Sitia","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sitia S, Tomasoni L, Turiel M (2010) Speckle tracking echocardiography: A new approach to myocardial function. World J Cardiol 2(1):1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4330\/wjc.v2.i1.1","journal-title":"World J Cardiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5566_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.239574","volume":"108","author":"M Bauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bauer M, Cheng S, Jain M et al (2011) Echocardiographic speckle-tracking based strain imaging for rapid cardiovascular phenotyping in mice. Circ Res 108(8):908\u2013916. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.239574","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"5566_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"An X, Wang J, Li H et al (2016) Speckle tracking based strain analysis is sensitive for early detection of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. PLoS One 11(2):e0149155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0149155","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149155"},{"issue":"4","key":"5566_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","volume":"62","author":"WJ Paulus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Paulus WJ, Tschope C (2013) A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation. J Am Coll Cardiol 62(4):263\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"5566_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.040","volume":"59","author":"S Ather","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ather S, Chan W, Bozkurt B et al (2012) Impact of noncardiac comorbidities on morbidity and mortality in a predominantly male population with heart failure and preserved versus reduced ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 59(11):998\u20131005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.040","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"5566_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miranda JO, Cerqueira RJ, Ramalho C, Areias JC, Henriques-Coelho T (2018) Fetal cardiac function in maternal diabetes: a conventional and speckle-tracking echocardiographic study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 31(3):333\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2017.11.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.11.007"},{"key":"5566_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.08.019","volume":"62","author":"S Entringer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Entringer S, Buss C, Wadhwa PD (2015) Prenatal stress, development, health and disease risk: A psychobiological perspective-2015 Curt Richter Award Paper. Psychoneuroendocrinology 62:366\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.08.019","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"5566_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134 e131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.11.033","volume":"208","author":"S Entringer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Entringer S, Epel ES, Lin J et al (2013) Maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy is associated with newborn leukocyte telomere length. Am J Obstet Gynecol 208(2):134 e131\u2013134 e137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.11.033","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"5566_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Minamoto T, Nakayama K, Ishibashi T et al. (2020) Pregnancy by assisted reproductive technology is associated with shorter telomere length in neonates. Int J Mol Sci 21(24). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21249688","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249688"},{"issue":"33","key":"5566_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E513","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1107759108","volume":"108","author":"S Entringer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Entringer S, Epel ES, Kumsta R et al (2011) Stress exposure in intrauterine life is associated with shorter telomere length in young adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108(33):E513\u2013E518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1107759108","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"10","key":"5566_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05242-0","volume":"63","author":"D McAninch","year":"2020","unstructured":"McAninch D, Bianco-Miotto T, Gatford KL et al (2020) The metabolic syndrome in pregnancy and its association with child telomere length. Diabetologia 63(10):2140\u20132149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-020-05242-0","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"10","key":"5566_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.05.003","volume":"185","author":"M Rodrigues","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rodrigues M, Wong VW, Rennert RC, Davis CR, Longaker MT, Gurtner GC (2015) Progenitor cell dysfunctions underlie some diabetic complications. Am J Pathol 185(10):2607\u20132618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.05.003","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5566_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12351","volume":"61","author":"L Gao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gao L, Zhao YC, Liang Y et al (2016) The impaired myocardial ischemic tolerance in adult offspring of diabetic pregnancy is restored by maternal melatonin treatment. J Pineal Res 61(3):340\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpi.12351","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"5566_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vessieres E, Dib A, Bourreau J et al (2016) Long lasting microvascular tone alteration in rat offspring exposed in utero to maternal hyperglycaemia. PLoS One 11(1):e0146830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0146830","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146830"},{"key":"5566_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dib A, Payen C, Bourreau J et al (2018) In utero exposure to maternal diabetes is associated with early abnormal vascular structure in offspring. Front Physiol 9:350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2018.00350","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00350"},{"issue":"8","key":"5566_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0780","volume":"57","author":"T Nehiri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nehiri T, Duong Van Huyen JP, Viltard M et al (2008) Exposure to maternal diabetes induces salt-sensitive hypertension and impairs renal function in adult rat offspring. Diabetes 57(8):2167\u20132175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db07-0780","journal-title":"Diabetes"}],"container-title":["Diabetologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00125-021-05566-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00125-021-05566-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00125-021-05566-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T08:08:50Z","timestamp":1635840530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00125-021-05566-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5566"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-021-05566-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-186X","1432-0428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-186X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0428","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}