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Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["502-01-01110142-05618"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["502-01-01110142-05618"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010438","name":"Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["502-14-03301402-09911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["502-14-03301402-09911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aims\/hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Body niche-specific microbiota in maternal\u2013neonatal dyads from gravidae with type 1 diabetes have not been quantitatively and functionally examined. Similarly, the impact of pregnancy-specific factors, such as the presence of comorbidities known to occur more frequently among gravidae with type 1 diabetes, including Caesarean delivery, as well as antibiotic prophylaxis, level of glycaemic control during each trimester of pregnancy and insulin administration, has not been adequately considered. The aims of this study were to characterise the maternal and neonatal microbiomes, assess aspects of microbiota transfer from the maternal microbiomes to the neonatal microbiome and explore the impact of type 1 diabetes and confounding factors on the microbiomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this observational case\u2013control study, we characterised microbiome community composition and function using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in a total of 514 vaginal, rectal and ear-skin swabs and stool samples derived from 92 maternal\u2013neonatal dyads (including 50 gravidae with type 1 diabetes) and in-depth clinical metadata from throughout pregnancy and delivery.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Type 1 diabetes-specific microbiota were identified among gravidae with type 1 diabetes and their neonates. Neonatal microbiome profiles of ear-skin swabs and stool samples were established, indicating the taxa more prevalent among neonates born to mothers with type 1 diabetes compared with neonates born to control mothers. Without taking into account the type 1 diabetes status of mothers, both delivery mode and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis were found to have an influence on neonatal microbiota composition (both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.001). In the logistic regression analysis involving all confounding variables, neonatal ear-skin microbiome variation was explained by maternal type 1 diabetes status (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.020) and small for gestational age birthweight (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.050). Moreover, in women with type 1 diabetes, a relationship was found between HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> levels &gt;55 mmol\/mol (&gt;7.2%) measured in the first trimester of pregnancy and neonatal ear-skin microbiota composition (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.008). In the PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) assessment, pathways concerning carbohydrate biosynthesis were predicted as key elements of the microbial functional profiles dysregulated in type 1 diabetes. Additionally, in SourceTracker analysis, we found that, on average, 81.0% of neonatal microbiota was attributed to maternal sources. An increase in the contribution of maternal rectum microbiota and decrease in the contribution of maternal cervix microbiota were found in ear-skin samples of vaginally delivered neonates of mothers with type 1 diabetes compared with neonates born to control mothers (83.2% vs 59.5% and 0.7% vs 5.2%, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions\/interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These findings indicate that, in addition to maternal type 1 diabetes, glycaemic dysregulation before\/in the first trimester of pregnancy, mode of delivery and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis may contribute to the inoculation and formation of the neonatal microbiomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Data availability<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The BioProject (PRJNA961636) and associated SRA metadata are available at <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/bioproject\/961636\">http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/bioproject\/961636<\/jats:ext-link>. Processed data on probiotic supplementation and the PICRUSt analysis are available in the Mendeley Data Repository (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17632\/g68rwnnrfk.1\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17632\/g68rwnnrfk.1<\/jats:ext-link>).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-023-06047-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T19:02:01Z","timestamp":1701284521000},"page":"312-326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of maternal type 1 diabetes and confounding factors on neonatal microbiomes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7468-2604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzena","family":"Gajecka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2885-9792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawel","family":"Gutaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6380-5119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Jaskiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6969-0535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Rydzanicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5214-2719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Szczapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5934-1115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Kaminska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6380-7704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Kosewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9205-2817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliusz","family":"Przyslawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6286-5526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafal","family":"Ploski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5492-8651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Wender-Ozegowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7445","key":"6047_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38043.583160.EE","volume":"328","author":"IM Evers","year":"2004","unstructured":"Evers IM, de Valk HW, Visser GHA (2004) Risk of complications of pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes: nationwide prospective study in the Netherlands. 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MG was a recipient of a scholarship from the Kosciuszko Foundation (the Kosciuszko Foundation Exchange to the US Program, 2019\u20132020), with training carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Special thanks to K. M. Aagaard and M. Jochum (Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA) for the opportunity to analyse the raw sequencing data for the assessed biological samples and their involvement in the generation of tables and figures for this project.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Acknowledgements"}},{"value":"The BioProject (PRJNA961636) and associated SRA metadata are available at . Processed data on probiotic supplementation and the PICRUSt analysis are available in the Mendeley Data Repository ().","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data availability"}},{"value":"This study was supported by the Polish Diabetes Association, the Professor Artur Czy\u017cyk\u2019 Scientific Grants, 2015 and 2017 (to PG) and the Poznan University of Medical Sciences, grant no. 502-01-01110142-05618 (to EWO), grant no. 502-14-03301402-09911 (to DK), and budget no. 2762 (to MG). Computational calculations were partly performed at the Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (grant no. PSNC-534, to MG). The study funders were not involved in the design of the study, the collection, analysis and interpretation of the data or writing of the report, and did not impose any restrictions regarding the publication of the report.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Funding"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Authors\u2019 relationships and activities"}},{"value":"MG, EW-O, PG and RP designed the study. PG, EW-O and TS carried out participant recruitment and diagnosis. PG, EW-O, TS, DK and GK participated in sample collection and the participant surveys. PG, KJ, DK, TS and MG generated the metadata. KJ extracted the microbial DNA and generated the 16S rRNA libraries. MR and KJ generated and processed the raw sequencing data. MG and KJ performed the data analysis. MG, KJ, PG and EW-O interpreted the data. GK and JP performed the nutritional assessment. KJ and MG generated the figures and MG and KJ wrote the paper. All authors contributed to critical revisions and approved the final version for publication. MG is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Contribution statement"}}]}}