{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:40:26Z","timestamp":1790890826023,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetologia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims\/hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In individuals undergoing total pancreatectomy, an additional islet autotransplantation (total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation [TPIAT]) can be performed. We investigated the degree to which islet secretory function is preserved after TPIAT and assessed the relation to glycaemic control using continuous glucose monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eligibility for TPIAT was assessed by a multidisciplinary team. The cohort consisted of all individuals undergoing TPIAT from 2014 to 2024. To assess islet secretory function, participants were subjected to a 2 h liquid meal stimulation test prior to TPIAT, at 3 months and annually post TPIAT. Glycaemic control was assessed using continuous glucose monitoring and HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-six individuals were included, of whom 88.5% had chronic pancreatitis. At baseline, 57.7% had prediabetes (HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      39\u201347 mmol\/mol [5.7\u20136.4%] or a fasting glucose 5.6\u20136.9 mmol\/l) or diabetes, and 46.2% had undergone previous pancreatic surgery. Islet secretory function determined by C-peptide area under the curve (AUC\n                      <jats:sub>C-peptide<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) was 45% of baseline at 3 months post TPIAT. Preservation of islet secretory function was independent of preoperative glycaemic status and previous surgery. At 3 months, time in range was 75.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a026.1%, and time in range was positively correlated with AUC\n                      <jats:sub>C-peptide<\/jats:sub>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.0001). After 3 months islet function did not significantly change, which was reflected in a stable BETA-2 score.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\/interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nearly half of islet secretory function is retained after TPIAT. These results can facilitate shared decisions on the potential benefits of islet autotransplantation after total pancreatectomy, even in individuals with (pre)diabetes and previous pancreatic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-026-06772-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:44:38Z","timestamp":1782513878000},"page":"2487-2497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Degree of islet function preservation and continuous glucose monitoring in individuals undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7064-2947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maarten C.","family":"Tol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2531-1129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Willemijn E. M. E.","family":"de Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0603-9849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian P. J.","family":"Alwayn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3649-8504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Sven D.","family":"Mieog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4424-0079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeanin E.","family":"van Hooft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7644-0668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akin","family":"Inderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2822-7509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marieke","family":"Niesters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1073-2283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marieke D.","family":"Hellinga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5131-2237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiel F.","family":"Nijhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0298-2015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arian R.","family":"van Erkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1341-8521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marten A.","family":"Engelse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7162-1467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Volkert A. L.","family":"Huurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1232-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eelco J. P.","family":"de Koning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"6772_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/mog.0000000000000458","volume":"34","author":"KR McEachron","year":"2018","unstructured":"McEachron KR, Bellin MD (2018) Total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantion for chronic and recurrent acute pancreatitis. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 34(5):367\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mog.0000000000000458","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10249","key":"6772_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31318-0","volume":"396","author":"G Beyer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beyer G, Habtezion A, Werner J, Lerch MM, Mayerle J (2020) Chronic pancreatitis. Lancet 396(10249):499\u2013512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31318-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2020.04.005","volume":"20","author":"M Abu-El-Haija","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abu-El-Haija M, Anazawa T, Beilman GJ et al (2020) The role of total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis: a report from the International Consensus Guidelines in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology 20(4):762\u2013771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pan.2020.04.005","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"key":"6772_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11409","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2023.11409","volume":"36","author":"M Coluzzi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Coluzzi M, Takita M, Saracino G et al (2023) Improved quality of life among chronic pancreatitis patients undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation\u2014single-center experience with large cohort of patients. Transpl Int 36:11409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ti.2023.11409","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"6772_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yasu.2014.05.006","volume":"48","author":"P Witkowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Witkowski P, Savari O, Matthews JB (2014) Islet autotransplantation and total pancreatectomy. Adv Surg 48:223\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yasu.2014.05.006","journal-title":"Adv Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"6772_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00154","volume":"40","author":"MR Rickels","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rickels MR, Robertson RP (2018) Pancreatic islet transplantation in humans: recent progress and future directions. Endocr Rev 40(2):631\u2013668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.2018-00154","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"6772_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-0881","volume":"63","author":"JM Lachin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lachin JM, McGee P, Palmer JP, for the DCCT\/EDIC Research Group (2014) Impact of C-peptide preservation on metabolic and clinical outcomes in the diabetes control and complications trial. Diabetes 63(2):739\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/db13-0881","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"6772_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0567","volume":"44","author":"A Jeyam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jeyam A, Colhoun H, McGurnaghan S et al (2020) Clinical impact of residual C-peptide secretion in type 1 diabetes on glycemia and microvascular complications. Diabetes Care 44(2):390\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc20-0567","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"6772_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(23)00267-x","volume":"11","author":"PN Taylor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Taylor PN, Collins KS, Lam A et al (2023) C-peptide and metabolic outcomes in trials of disease modifying therapy in new-onset type 1 diabetes: an individual participant meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 11(12):915\u2013925. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-8587(23)00267-x","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6772_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.3.832","volume":"26","author":"MW Steffes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Steffes MW, Sibley S, Jackson M, Thomas W (2003) \u03b2-cell function and the development of diabetes-related complications in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes Care 26(3):832\u2013836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diacare.26.3.832","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"6772_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3411","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16573","volume":"21","author":"Y Nanno","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nanno Y, Wastvedt S, Freeman ML et al (2021) Metabolic measures before surgery and long-term diabetes outcomes in recipients of total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation. Am J Transplant 21(10):3411\u20133420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.16573","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000001453","volume":"262","author":"S Chinnakotla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chinnakotla S, Beilman GJ, Dunn TB et al (2015) Factors predicting outcomes after a total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation lessons learned from over 500 cases. Ann Surg 262(4):610\u2013622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000001453","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"6772_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3948","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-024-10904-w","volume":"38","author":"B Kinny-K\u00f6ster","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kinny-K\u00f6ster B, Walsh CM, Sun Z et al (2024) Minimally invasive total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation for chronic pancreatitis: the robotic approach. Surg Endosc 38(7):3948\u20133956. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-024-10904-w","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"6772_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969231220176","volume":"113","author":"K Fr\u00f6berg","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fr\u00f6berg K, Halimi A, Vujasinovic M et al (2024) Outcome after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation: a European single-center study. Scand J Surg 113(2):80\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14574969231220176","journal-title":"Scand J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/XCS.0000000000001294","volume":"240","author":"MD Bellin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bellin MD, Eaton A, Ramanathan K et al (2025) Long-term islet graft functional assessments in more than 500 patients undergoing total pancreatectomy with intraportal islet autotransplantation. J Am Coll Surg 240(4):405\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/XCS.0000000000001294","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.70193","volume":"133","author":"DL Hughes","year":"2026","unstructured":"Hughes DL, Di Bella C, Quaratino B et al (2026) Long term metabolic outcomes following pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Surg Oncol 133(4):475\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.70193","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pan.2013.05.002","volume":"13","author":"MR Rickels","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rickels MR, Bellin M, Toledo FGS et al (2013) Detection, evaluation and treatment of diabetes mellitus in chronic pancreatitis: recommendations from PancreasFest 2012. Pancreatology 13(4):336\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pan.2013.05.002","journal-title":"Pancreatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"6772_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(22)00319-9","volume":"11","author":"T Battelino","year":"2023","unstructured":"Battelino T, Alexander CM, Amiel SA et al (2023) Continuous glucose monitoring and metrics for clinical trials: an international consensus statement. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 11(1):42\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-8587(22)00319-9","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"7","key":"6772_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-0776","volume":"47","author":"CM Fuhri Snethlage","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fuhri Snethlage CM, McDonald TJ, Oram RD et al (2024) Residual \u03b2-cell function is associated with longer time in range in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 47(7):1114\u20131121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc23-0776","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"6772_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2078","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2115","volume":"97","author":"M-C Vantyghem","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vantyghem M-C, Raverdy V, Balavoine A-S et al (2012) Continuous glucose monitoring after islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes: an excellent graft function (\u03b2-score greater than 7) is required to abrogate hyperglycemia, whereas a minimal function is necessary to suppress severe hypoglycemia (\u03b2-score greater than 3). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97(11):E2078-2083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2012-2115","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"6772_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2664","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12392","volume":"13","author":"R Lundberg","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lundberg R, Beilman GJ, Dunn TB et al (2013) Metabolic assessment prior to total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplant: utility, limitations and potential. Am J Transplant 13(10):2664\u20132671. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.12392","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"9","key":"6772_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14961","volume":"18","author":"B Naziruddin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naziruddin B, Kanak MA, Chang CA et al (2018) Improved outcomes of islet autotransplant after total pancreatectomy by combined blockade of IL-1\u03b2 and TNF\u03b1. Am J Transplant 18(9):2322\u20132329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.14961","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","volume":"61","author":"E von Elm","year":"2008","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, G\u00f8tzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP (2008) The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol 61(4):344\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.37.4.413","volume":"37","author":"C Ricordi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ricordi C, Lacy PE, Finke EH, Olack BJ, Scharp DW (1988) Automated method for isolation of human pancreatic islets. Diabetes 37(4):413\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diab.37.4.413","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"9","key":"6772_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16533","volume":"21","author":"JB Doppenberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Doppenberg JB, Nijhoff MF, Engelse MA, de Koning EJP (2021) Clinical use of donation after circulatory death pancreas for islet transplantation. Am J Transplant 21(9):3077\u20133087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.16533","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"6772_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13507","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2025.13507","volume":"38","author":"MC Tol","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tol MC, Cornelissen D-J, Chae YS et al (2025) Intraparenchymal enzyme injections in islet isolations with incomplete ductal perfusion of enzymes. Transpl Int 38:13507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/ti.2025.13507","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"6772_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968221085273","volume":"17","author":"DC Klonoff","year":"2023","unstructured":"Klonoff DC, Wang J, Rodbard D et al (2023) A glycemia risk index (GRI) of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia for continuous glucose monitoring validated by clinician ratings. J Diabetes Sci Technol 17(5):1226\u20131242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19322968221085273","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"issue":"9","key":"6772_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13807","volume":"16","author":"S Forbes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Forbes S, Oram RA, Smith A et al (2016) Validation of the BETA-2 score: an improved tool to estimate beta cell function after clinical islet transplantation using a single fasting blood sample. Am J Transplant 16(9):2704\u20132713. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajt.13807","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"10","key":"6772_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab386","volume":"106","author":"CP Landstra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Landstra CP, Andres A, Chetboun M et al (2021) Examination of the IGLS criteria for defining functional outcomes of \u03b2-cell replacement therapy: IPITA symposium report. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 106(10):3049\u20133059. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgab386","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"6772_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13762","volume":"34","author":"KR McEachron","year":"2021","unstructured":"McEachron KR, Yang Y, Hodges JS et al (2021) Performance of modified Igls criteria to evaluate islet autograft function after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation - a retrospective study. Transpl Int 34(1):87\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tri.13762","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6772_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S002","volume":"47","author":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee","year":"2023","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2023) 2. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: standards of care in diabetes\u20142024. Diabetes Care 47(Suppl 1):S20\u2013S42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc24-S002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"6772_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2816","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02844.x","volume":"9","author":"O Eriksson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eriksson O, Eich T, Sundin A et al (2009) Positron emission tomography in clinical islet transplantation. Am J Transplant 9(12):2816\u20132824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02844.x","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"6772_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.44.1.104","volume":"44","author":"AM Davalli","year":"1995","unstructured":"Davalli AM, Ogawa Y, Scaglia L et al (1995) Function, mass, and replication of porcine and rat islets transplanted into diabetic nude mice. Diabetes 44(1):104\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diab.44.1.104","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"6772_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2015.12.025","volume":"48","author":"K Otsuki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Otsuki K, Ito T, Kenmochi T et al (2016) Positron emission tomography and autoradiography of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose labeled islets with or without warm ischemic stress in portal transplanted rats. Transplant Proc 48(1):229\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.transproceed.2015.12.025","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"issue":"7","key":"6772_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000284730.86567.9f","volume":"84","author":"T Eich","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eich T, Eriksson O, Sundin A et al (2007) Positron emission tomography: a real-time tool to quantify early islet engraftment in a preclinical large animal model. Transplantation 84(7):893\u2013898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.tp.0000284730.86567.9f","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"3","key":"6772_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3810\/hp.2012.08.992","volume":"40","author":"MD Bellin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bellin MD, Sutherland DE, Robertson RP (2012) Pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation for painful chronic pancreatitis: indications and outcomes. Hosp Pract (1995) 40(3):80\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3810\/hp.2012.08.992","journal-title":"Hosp Pract (1995)"},{"issue":"6","key":"6772_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.8713","volume":"99","author":"K Bramis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bramis K, Gordon-Weeks AN, Friend PJ et al (2012) Systematic review of total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation for chronic pancreatitis. Br J Surg 99(6):761\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.8713","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"6772_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2009.00113.x","volume":"11","author":"SL Ong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ong SL, Gravante G, Pollard CA, Webb MA, Illouz S, Dennison AR (2009) Total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation: an overview. HPB (Oxford) 11(8):613\u2013621. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2009.00113.x","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"issue":"4","key":"6772_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1155","volume":"46","author":"DA Baidal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Baidal DA, Ballou CM, Rickels MR et al (2023) Predictive value of C-peptide measures for clinical outcomes of \u03b2-cell replacement therapy in type 1 diabetes: report from the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry (CITR). Diabetes Care 46(4):697\u2013703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc22-1155","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"6772_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00114-0","volume":"10","author":"BA Marfil-Garza","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marfil-Garza BA, Imes S, Verhoeff K et al (2022) Pancreatic islet transplantation in type 1 diabetes: 20-year experience from a single-centre cohort in Canada. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 10(7):519\u2013532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00114-0","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"6772_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sutherland DE, Radosevich DM, Bellin MD et al (2012) Total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation for chronic pancreatitis. J Am Coll Surg 214(4):409\u2013424; discussion 424\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2011.12.040","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2011.12.040"},{"issue":"2","key":"6772_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3182681182","volume":"42","author":"MD Bellin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bellin MD, Beilman GJ, Dunn TB et al (2013) Islet autotransplantation to preserve beta cell mass in selected patients with chronic pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus undergoing total pancreatectomy. Pancreas 42(2):317\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MPA.0b013e3182681182","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"6772_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097139","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1097139","volume":"14","author":"T Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao T, Fu Y, Zhang T et al (2023) Diabetes management in patients undergoing total pancreatectomy: a single-center cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 14:1097139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1097139","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"5","key":"6772_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn-21-558","volume":"12","author":"CA Pollard","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pollard CA, Chung WY, Garcea G, Dennison AR (2023) Assessment of long-term graft function following total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation: the Leicester experience. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 12(5):682\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/hbsn-21-558","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"6772_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2022.07.001","volume":"24","author":"KM Turner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Turner KM, Delman AM, Donovan EC et al (2022) Total pancreatectomy and islet cell autotransplantation: a 10-year update on outcomes and assessment of long-term durability. HPB (Oxford) 24(11):2013\u20132021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hpb.2022.07.001","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"issue":"3","key":"6772_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e268","DOI":"10.1097\/mpa.0000000000002424","volume":"54","author":"A Bashir","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bashir A, Joseph N, Hammond JS et al (2025) Evaluating continuous glucose monitoring after total pancreatectomy with or without islet autotransplantation: a scoping systematic review. Pancreas 54(3):e268-277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mpa.0000000000002424","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"6772_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S83","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S006","volume":"45","author":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee","year":"2021","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee (2021) 6. Glycemic targets: standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142022. Diabetes Care 45(Suppl 1):S83\u2013S96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc22-S006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"6772_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000437","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2017-000437","volume":"5","author":"K Olesen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olesen K, Reynheim ALF, Joensen L et al (2017) Higher health literacy is associated with better glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes: a cohort study among 1399 Danes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 5(1):e000437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjdrc-2017-000437","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"6772_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2014.936989","volume":"19","author":"I van der Heide","year":"2014","unstructured":"van der Heide I, Uiters E, Rademakers J, Struijs JN, Schuit AJ, Baan CA (2014) Associations among health literacy, diabetes knowledge, and self-management behavior in adults with diabetes: results of a Dutch cross-sectional study. J Health Commun 19(Suppl 2):115\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10810730.2014.936989","journal-title":"J Health Commun"},{"key":"6772_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006909","author":"Z Czarnecka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Czarnecka Z, Verhoeff K, Carr ALJ et al (2025) Risk of recurrent hypoglycemia and long-term survival after total pancreatectomy: a prospective observational study. Ann Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006909","journal-title":"Ann Surg"}],"container-title":["Diabetologia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00125-026-06772-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00125-026-06772-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00125-026-06772-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T04:29:46Z","timestamp":1785472186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00125-026-06772-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["6772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00125-026-06772-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0012-186X","1432-0428"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0012-186X","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0428","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"We would like to thank Manon Zuurmond (Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands) for her contribution to the design and illustration of the graphical abstract.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Acknowledgements","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available due to reasons of sensitivity and may be shared by the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Data are located in controlled access data storage at Leiden University Medical Center.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Data availability statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"Financial support was provided by the Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation, DON Foundation and the Bontius Foundation.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Funding","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Authors' relationships and activities","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"MT, VH and EK conceived the study. MT and WV were responsible for gathering the data and maintaining the database. MT designed and undertook the statistical analysis. MT and WV wrote the manuscript. VH and EK provided supervision of the project. All authors contributed to data interpretation and critical evaluation, contributed to the editing of the report, and approved the final submitted version of the manuscript. MT and EK are responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Contribution statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}