{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:40:13Z","timestamp":1793173213760,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]],"date-time":"2009-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1245801600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Soc Psychiat Epidemiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-009-0087-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]],"date-time":"2009-06-23T17:14:32Z","timestamp":1245777272000},"page":"319-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders: impact of diagnostic instrument and non-response bias"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Posserud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astri J.","family":"Lundervold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stein Atle","family":"Lie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Gillberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"87_CR1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn (text revision)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn (text revision). American Psychiatric Association, Washington"},{"issue":"9531","key":"87_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69041-7","volume":"368","author":"G Baird","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baird G, Simonoff E, Pickles A, Chandler S, Loucas T, Meldrum D et al (2006) Prevalence of disorders of the autism spectrum in a population cohort of children in South Thames: the special needs and autism project (SNAP). Lancet 368(9531):210\u2013215","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"87_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbaresi WJ, Colligan RC, Weaver AL, Katusic SK (2008) The incidence of clinically diagnosed versus research-identified autism in olmsted county, Minnesota, 1976\u20131997: results from a retrospective, population-based study. J Autism Dev Disord Epub ahead of print","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-008-0645-8"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799008892","volume":"29","author":"TS Brugha","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brugha TS, Bebbington PE, Jenkins R, Meltzer R, Taub NA, Janas M et al (1999) Cross validation of a general population survey diagnostic interview: a comparison of CIS-R with SCAN ICD-10 diagnostic categories. Psychol Med 29(5):1029\u20131042","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799008880","volume":"29","author":"TS Brugha","year":"1999","unstructured":"Brugha TS, Bebbington PE, Jenkins R (1999) A difference that matters: comparisons of structured and semi-structured psychiatric diagnostic interviews in the general population. Psychol Med 29(5):1013\u20131020","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"87_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025054610557","volume":"33","author":"E Fombonne","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fombonne E (2003) Epidemiological surveys of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders: an update. J Autism Dev Disord 33(4):365\u2013382","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"87_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200107000-00017","volume":"40","author":"E Fombonne","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fombonne E, Simmons H, Ford T, Meltzer H, Goodman R (2001) Prevalence of pervasive developmental disorders in the British nationwide survey of child mental health. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 40(7):820\u2013827","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2993","volume":"118","author":"E Fombonne","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fombonne E, Zakarian R, Bennett A, Meng L, McLean-Heywood D (2006) Pervasive developmental disorders in Montreal, Quebec, Canada: prevalence and links with immunizations. Pediatrics 118(1):e139\u2013e150","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00755","volume":"42","author":"MH Gerrits","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gerrits MH, van den Oord EJ, Voogt R (2001) An evaluation of nonresponse bias in peer, self, and teacher ratings of children\u2019s psychosocial adjustment. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 42(5):593\u2013602","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"87_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1999.tb00984.x","volume":"99","author":"C Gillberg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gillberg C, Wing L (1999) Autism: not an extremely rare disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 99(6):399\u2013406","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x","volume":"38","author":"R Goodman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Goodman R (1997) The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: a research note. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 38(5):581\u2013586","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2000.tb02345.x","volume":"41","author":"R Goodman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Goodman R, Ford T, Richards H, Gatward R, Meltzer H (2000) The development and well-being assessment: description and initial validation of an integrated assessment of child and adolescent psychopathology. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 41(5):645\u2013655","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"10","key":"87_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.10.891","volume":"154","author":"V Hansen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hansen V, Jacobsen BK, Arnesen E (2001) Prevalence of serious psychiatric morbidity in attenders and nonattenders to a health survey of a general population: the Tromso Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 154(10):891\u2013894","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"87_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/01.yco.0000245745.68255.db","volume":"19","author":"N Haslam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Haslam N (2006) Bias in psychopathology research. Curr Opin Psychiatry 19(6):625\u2013630","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"87_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1097\/chi.0b013e31803062bf","volume":"46","author":"E Heiervang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Heiervang E, Stormark KM, Lundervold AJ, Heimann M, Goodman R, Posserud MB et al (2007) Psychiatric disorders in Norwegian 8- to 10-year-olds: an epidemiological survey of prevalence, risk factors, and service use. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46(4):438\u2013447","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"87_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01425.x","volume":"46","author":"H Honda","year":"2005","unstructured":"Honda H, Shimizu Y, Rutter M (2005) No effect of MMR withdrawal on the incidence of autism: a total population study. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 46(6):572\u2013579","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"87_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01755.x","volume":"48","author":"M Hysing","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hysing M, Elgen I, Gillberg C, Lie SA, Lundervold AJ (2007) Chronic physical illness and mental health in children. Results from a large-scale population study. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 48(8):785\u2013792","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-007-0178-z","volume":"42","author":"M Haapea","year":"2007","unstructured":"Haapea M, Miettunen J, Veijola J, Lauronen E, Tanskanen P, Isohanni M (2007) Non-participation may bias the results of a psychiatric survey: an analysis from the survey including magnetic resonance imaging within the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 42(5):403\u2013409","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"87_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199707000-00021","volume":"36","author":"J Kaufman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Brent D, Rao U, Flynn C, Moreci P et al (1997) Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36(7):980\u2013988","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00024","volume":"43","author":"SR Leekam","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leekam SR, Libby SJ, Wing L, Gould J, Taylor C (2002) The diagnostic interview for social and communication disorders: algorithms for ICD-10 childhood autism and wing and gould autistic spectrum disorder. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 43(3):327\u2013342","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005592401947","volume":"30","author":"C Lord","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lord C, Risi S, Lambrecht L, Cook EH Jr, Leventhal BL, DiLavore PC et al (2000) The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: a standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. J Autism Dev Disord 30(3):205\u2013223","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"87_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172145","volume":"24","author":"C Lord","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lord C, Rutter M, Le Couteur A (1994) Autism diagnostic interview-revised: a revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 24(5):659\u2013685","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"87_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0911-4","volume":"40","author":"I Lundberg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lundberg I, Damstrom Thakker K, Hallstrom T, Forsell Y (2005) Determinants of non-participation, and the effects of non-participation on potential cause\u2013effect relationships, in the PART study on mental disorders. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 40(6):475\u2013483","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"87_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021134","volume":"347","author":"KM Madsen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Madsen KM, Hviid A, Vestergaard M, Schendel D, Wohlfahrt J, Thorsen P et al (2002) A population-based study of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination and autism. N Engl J Med 347(19):1477\u20131482","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"87_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0939-5","volume":"40","author":"MS Mullick","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mullick MS, Goodman R (2005) The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among 5\u201310\u00a0year olds in rural, urban and slum areas in Bangladesh: an exploratory study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 40(8):663\u2013671","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"87_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01462.x","volume":"47","author":"MB Posserud","year":"2006","unstructured":"Posserud MB, Lundervold AJ, Gillberg C (2006) Autistic features in a total population of 7\u20139-year-old children assessed by the ASSQ (autism spectrum screening questionnaire). J Child Psychol Psychiatr 47(2):167\u2013175","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"key":"87_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Posserud M, Lundervold AJ, Gillberg C (2008) Validation of the autism spectrum screening questionnaire in a total population sample. J Autism Dev Disord Epub ahead of print","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-008-0609-z"},{"key":"87_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.126.6.493","volume":"126","author":"M Rutter","year":"1975","unstructured":"Rutter M, Cox A, Tupling C, Berger M, Yule W (1975) Attainment and adjustment in two geographical areas. I\u2014the prevalence of psychiatric disorder. B J Psychiatry 126:493\u2013509","journal-title":"B J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026017405150","volume":"28","author":"E Sponheim","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sponheim E, Skjeldal O (1998) Autism and related disorders: epidemiological findings in a Norwegian study using ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. J Autism Dev Disord 28(3):217\u2013227","journal-title":"J Autism Dev Disord"},{"issue":"10","key":"87_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025877501423","volume":"18","author":"A Stang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stang A (2003) Nonresponse research\u2014an underdeveloped field in epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol 18(10):929\u2013931","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-007-9187-3","volume":"36","author":"KM Stormark","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stormark KM, Heiervang E, Heimann M, Lundervold A, Gillberg C (2008) Predicting nonresponse bias from teacher ratings of mental health problems in primary school children. J Abnorm Child Psychol 36(3):411\u2013419","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0021-9630.2003.00317.x","volume":"45","author":"FR Volkmar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Volkmar FR, Lord C, Bailey A, Schultz RT, Klin A (2004) Autism and pervasive developmental disorders. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 45(1):135\u2013170","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"9103","key":"87_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)11096-0","volume":"351","author":"AJ Wakefield","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wakefield AJ, Murch SH, Anthony A, Linnell J, Casson DM, Malik M et al (1998) Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children. Lancet 351(9103):637\u2013641","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"87_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.062083","volume":"91","author":"JG Williams","year":"2006","unstructured":"Williams JG, Higgins JP, Brayne CE (2006) Systematic review of prevalence studies of autism spectrum disorders. Arch Dis Child 91(1):8\u201315","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00023","volume":"43","author":"L Wing","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wing L, Leekam SR, Libby SJ, Gould J, Larcombe M (2002) The diagnostic interview for social and communication disorders: background, inter-rater reliability and clinical use. J Child Psychol Psychiatr 43(3):307\u2013325","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"87_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10029","volume":"8","author":"L Wing","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wing L, Potter D (2002) The epidemiology of autistic spectrum disorders: is the prevalence rising? Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 8(3):151\u2013161","journal-title":"Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev"}],"container-title":["Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00127-009-0087-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00127-009-0087-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00127-009-0087-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T12:06:56Z","timestamp":1558613216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00127-009-0087-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"alternative-id":["87"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00127-009-0087-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0933-7954","1433-9285"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0933-7954","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-9285","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]]}}}