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Aggressive behavior, attention and emotional problems at ages 1\u00bd, 3, 5 and 10\u00a0years were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist. Academic attainment at the end of primary school (12\u00a0years of age) was measured with the CITO test, a national Dutch academic test score.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Aggressive behavior from age 1\u00bd to 10\u00a0years was negatively associated with academic attainment, but these associations attenuated to non-significance when accounting for comorbid attention problems. For emotional problems, first, only problems at 10\u00a0years were associated with poorer academic attainment. Yet, when accounting for attention problems, the association reversed: more emotional problems from 1\u00bd to 10\u00a0years were associated with a better academic attainment. Attention problems at ages 1\u00bd to 10\u00a0years were negatively associated with academic attainment, independent of comorbid emotional problems or aggressive behavior.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Attention problems across childhood are related to a poorer academic attainment, while emotional problems predicted better academic attainment. Moreover, the relationship between aggressive behavior and academic attainment was explained by comorbid attention problems. Future research should determine the mechanisms through which attention problems and emotional problems affect academic attainment, to inform strategies for the promotion of better educational attainment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-021-02039-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T07:02:51Z","timestamp":1613977371000},"page":"837-846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Aggressive behavior, emotional, and attention problems across childhood and academic attainment at the end of primary school"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6358-0300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Tamayo Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Tiemeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maartje P. 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