{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:14:03Z","timestamp":1789074843686,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T12:02:44Z","timestamp":1642075364000},"page":"1123-1134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["\u201cLives of despair\u201d at risk for \u201cdeaths of despair\u201d: tracking an under-recognized, vulnerable population"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3895-7417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J.","family":"Na","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elina A.","family":"Stefanovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taeho Greg","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Rosenheck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"49","key":"2218_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15078","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518393112","volume":"112","author":"A Case","year":"2015","unstructured":"Case A, Deaton A (2015) Rising morbidity and mortality in midlife among white non-Hispanic Americans in the 21st century. PNAS 112(49):15078\u201315083","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"2218_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Case A, Deaton A (2017) Mortality and morbidity in the 21 st century. Brookings Pap Econ Act: pp 397\u2013476","DOI":"10.1353\/eca.2017.0005"},{"key":"2218_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvpr7rb2","volume-title":"Deaths of despair and the future of capitalism","author":"A Case","year":"2020","unstructured":"Case A, Deaton A (2020) Deaths of despair and the future of capitalism. Princeton University Press"},{"key":"2218_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k3096","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k3096","volume":"362","author":"SH Woolf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Woolf SH, Buchanich JM, Zimmerman EB (2018) Changes in midlife death rates across racial and ethnic groups in the United States: systematic analysis of vital statistics. BMJ 362:k3096","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"2218_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305002","volume":"109","author":"L Gaydosh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gaydosh L, Hummer RA, Hargrove TW, Halpern CT, Hussey JM, Whitsel EA, Dole N, Harris KM (2019) The depths of despair among US adults entering midlife. Am J Public Health 109(5):774\u2013780","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2218_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.16932","volume":"322","author":"SH Woolf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Woolf SH, Schoomaker H (2019) Life expectancy and mortality rates in the United States, 1959\u20132017. JAMA 322:1996\u20132016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2218_CR7","unstructured":"CDC Injury Prevention & Control (2020) WISQARS-web-based injury statistics query and reporting system. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/injury\/wisqars\/index.html. Accessed 21 Dec 2020"},{"issue":"10","key":"2218_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.303992","volume":"107","author":"FD Scutchfield","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scutchfield FD, Keck CW (2017) Deaths of despair: why? what to do? Am J Public Health 107(10):1564\u20131565","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2218_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1801417","volume":"378","author":"MA Oquendo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oquendo MA, Volkow ND (2018) Suicide: A silent contributor to opioid-overdose deaths. N Engl J Med 378:1567\u20131569","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2218_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.107612","volume":"205","author":"HS Connery","year":"2019","unstructured":"Connery HS, Taghian N, Kim J, Griffin M, Rockett IRH, Weiss RD, McHugh RK (2019) Suicidal motivations reported by opioid overdose survivors: a cross-sectional study of adults with opioid use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 205:107612","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2218_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0898-0","volume":"26","author":"SE Wakeman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wakeman SE, Green TC, Rich J (2020) An overdose surge will compound the COVID-19 pandemic if urgent action is not taken. Nat Med 26:819\u2013820","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"2218_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30171-1","volume":"7","author":"D Gunnel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gunnel D, Appleby L, Arensman E, Hawton K, John A, Kapur N, O\u2019Connor RC, Pirkis J, the COVID-19 Suicide Prevention Research Collaboration (2020) Suicide risk and prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry 7(6):468\u2013471","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"2218_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.1060","volume":"77","author":"MA Reger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reger MA, Stanley IH, Joiner TE (2020) Suicide mortality and corona virus disease 2019\u2014a perfect storm? JAMA Psychiat 77(11):1093\u20131094","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"issue":"6","key":"2218_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab016","volume":"190","author":"A Siddiqi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Siddiqi A, Sod-Erdene O (2021) Invited commentary: Do small cause-of-death correlations throw into question the notion of a collective \u201cdeaths of despair\u201d phenomenon? Am J Epidemiol 190(6):1172\u20131174","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2218_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.10.012","volume":"219","author":"C Snell-Rood","year":"2018","unstructured":"Snell-Rood C, Carpenter-Song E (2018) Depression in a depressed area: deservingness, mental illness, and treatment in the contemporary rural U.S. Soc Sci Med 219:78\u201386","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2218_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201700194","volume":"69","author":"IP Bhalla","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhalla IP, Rosenheck RA (2017) A change in perspective: from dual diagnosis to multimorbidity. Psychiatr Serv 69(1):112\u2013116","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"3","key":"2218_CR17","first-page":"182","volume":"28","author":"CS North","year":"2016","unstructured":"North CS, Brown ES, Pollio DE (2016) Expanded conceptualization of multimorbidity to encompass substance use disorders and other psychiatric illness. Ann Clin Psychiatry 28(3):182\u2013188","journal-title":"Ann Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2218_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.98","volume":"15","author":"E Baca-Garcia","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baca-Garcia E, Perez-Rodriguez MM, Keyes KM, Oquendo MA, Hasin DS, Grant BF, Blanco C (2010) Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United States: 1991\u20131992 and 2001\u20132002. Mol Psychiatry 15:250\u2013259","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"2218_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.2582","volume":"74","author":"M Olfson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olfson M, Blanco C, Wall M, Liu S-M, Saha TD, Pickering RP, Grant BF (2017) National trends in suicide attempts among adults in the United States. JAMA Psychiat 74(11):1095\u20131103","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"issue":"8","key":"2218_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584","volume":"72","author":"BF Grant","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grant BF, Goldstein RB, Saha TD, Chou SP, Jung J, Zhang H, Pickering RP, Ruan WJ, Smith SM, Huang B, Hasin DS (2015) Epidemiology of DSM-5 alcohol use disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III. JAMA Psychiat 72(8):757\u2013766","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"issue":"2","key":"2218_CR21","first-page":"100","volume":"31","author":"D Falk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Falk D, Yi H-y, Hiller-Sturmh\u00f6fel S (2008) An epidemiologic analysis of co-occurring alcohol and drug use and disorders: findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Alcohol Res Health 31(2):100\u2013110","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"2218_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305811","volume":"110","author":"DG Blanchflower","year":"2020","unstructured":"Blanchflower DG, Oswald AJ (2020) Trends in extreme distress in the United States, 1993\u20132019. Am J Public Health 110(10):1538\u20131544","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2218_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e037679","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-037679","volume":"10","author":"E Brignone","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brignone E, George DR, Sinoway L, Katz C, Sauder C, Murray A, Gladden R, Kraschnewski JL (2021) Trends in the diagnosis of diseases of despair in the United States, 2009\u20132018: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 10:e037679","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2218_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305002","volume":"109","author":"L Gaydosh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gaydosh L, Hummer RA, Hargrove TW, Halpern CT, Hussey JM, Whitsel EA, Dole N, Harris KM (2019) The depths of despair among US adults entering midlife. Am J Public Health 109:774\u2013780","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"2218_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.0256","volume":"87","author":"L Shanahan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shanahan L, Copeland WE (2021) Psychiatry and deaths of despair. JAMA Psychiat 87(7):695\u2013696","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"key":"2218_CR26","volume-title":"National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III: Source and accuracy statement","author":"NIAAA","year":"2018","unstructured":"NIAAA (2018) National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III: Source and accuracy statement. NIAAA. https:\/\/www.niaaa.nih.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/NESARC_Final_Report_FINAL_1_8_15.pdf"},{"key":"2218_CR27","unstructured":"NIAAA National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III). https:\/\/www.niaaa.nih.gov\/research\/nesarc-iii. Accessed 23 Dec 2020"},{"key":"2218_CR28","unstructured":"Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research (EQUATOR) Network (2019) The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies. https:\/\/www.equator-network.org\/reporting-guidelines\/strobe\/. Accessed 17 Feb 2021"},{"key":"2218_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.026","volume":"148","author":"BF Grant","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grant BF, Goldstein RB, Smith SM, Jung J, Zhang H, Chou SP, Pickering RP, Ruan WJ, Huang B, Saha TD, Aivadyan C, Greenstein E, HAsin DS, (2015) The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-5 (AUDADIS-5): reliability of substance use and psychiatric disorder modules in a general population sample. Drug Alcohol Depend 148:27\u201333","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2218_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.09.012","volume":"262","author":"TC Harford","year":"2018","unstructured":"Harford TC, Chen CM, Kerridge BT, Grant BF (2018) Self- and other-directed forms of violence and their relationship with lifetime DSM-5 psychiatric disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III). Psychiatry Res 262:384\u2013392","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2218_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2307\/351733","volume":"41","author":"MA Straus","year":"1979","unstructured":"Straus MA (1979) Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: The conflict tactics (CT) scales. J Marriage Fam 41(1):75","journal-title":"J Marriage Fam"},{"issue":"8","key":"2218_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.8.1132","volume":"151","author":"DP Bernstein","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bernstein DP, Fink L, Handelsman L, Foote J, Lovejoy M, Wenzel K, Sapareto E, Ruggiero J (1994) Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospetive measure of child abuse and neglect. Am J Psychiatry 151(8):1132\u20131136","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2218_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003","volume":"34","author":"J Ware Jr","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ware J Jr, Kosinski M, Keller SD (1996) A 12-item Short-Form health survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care 34:220\u2013233","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"2218_CR34","volume-title":"Social support: theory, research and applications. NATO ASI Series (D: Behavioural and Social Sciences)","author":"S Cohen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cohen S, Mermelstein R, Kamarck T, Hoberman HM (1985) Measuring the functional components of social support. In: Sarason IG, Sarason BR (eds) Social support: theory, research and applications. NATO ASI Series (D: Behavioural and Social Sciences), vol 24. Springer, Dordrecht"},{"key":"2218_CR35","unstructured":"EQ-5D. https:\/\/euroqol.org\/. Accessed 6 Jan 2021"},{"issue":"9","key":"2218_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000135827.18610.0d","volume":"42","author":"JE Brazier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brazier JE, Roberts J (2004) The estimation of a preference-based measure of health from the SF-12. Med Care 42(9):851\u2013859","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"2218_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015808","volume":"40","author":"CJ Ferguson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ferguson CJ (2009) An effect size primer: a guide for clinicians and researchers. Prof Psychol: Res Pr 40:532\u2013538","journal-title":"Prof Psychol: Res Pr"},{"key":"2218_CR38","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"J Cohen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Cohen J (1988) Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd edn. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates","edition":"2"},{"key":"2218_CR39","volume-title":"SAS\u00ae 9.4 statements: reference","author":"SAS Institute Inc","year":"2013","unstructured":"SAS Institute Inc (2013) SAS\u00ae 9.4 statements: reference. SAS Institute, Cary"},{"key":"2218_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j1334","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1334","volume":"357","author":"C Bj\u00f6rkenstam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rkenstam C, Kosidou K, Bj\u00f6rkenstam E (2017) Childhood adversity and risk of suicide: cohort study of 548 721 adolescents and young adults in Sweden. BMJ 357:j1334","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"24","key":"2218_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3089","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.24.3089","volume":"286","author":"SR Dube","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dube SR, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Chapman DP, Williamson DF, Giles WH (2001) Childhood abuse, household dysfunction, and the risk of attempted suicide throughout the life span. JAMA 286(24):3089\u20133096","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"2218_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.01.019","volume":"89","author":"CB Nemeroff","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nemeroff CB (2016) Paradise lost: the neurobiological and clinical consequences of child abuse and neglect. Neuron 89(5):892\u2013909","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"7","key":"2218_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e184493","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.4493","volume":"1","author":"WE Copeland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Copeland WE, Shanahan L, Hinesley J, Chan RF, Aberg KA, Fairbank JA, van den Oord EJCG, Costello EJ (2018) Association of childhood trauma exposure with adult psychiatric disorders and functional outcomes. JAMA Netw Open 1(7):e184493","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"2218_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11020335","volume":"169","author":"V Nanni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nanni V, Uher R, Danese A (2012) Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: a meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry 169(2):141\u2013151","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2218_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e799","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.61","volume":"6","author":"LM Williams","year":"2016","unstructured":"Williams LM, Debattista C, Duchemein A-M, Schatzberg AFCBN (2016) Childhood trauma predicts antidepressant response in adults with major depression: data from the randomized international study to predict optimized treatment for depression. Transl Psychiatry 6(5):e799","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2218_CR46","first-page":"35","volume":"16","author":"SD Targum","year":"2019","unstructured":"Targum SD, Nemeroff CB (2019) The effect of early life stress on adult psychiatric disorders. Innov Clin Neurosci 16(1\u20132):35\u201337","journal-title":"Innov Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2218_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.8.1525","volume":"160","author":"B Runeson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Runeson B, Asberg M (2003) Family history of suicide among suicide victims. Am J Psychiatry 160:1525\u20131526","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"2218_CR48","first-page":"973","volume":"55","author":"KR Merikangas","year":"1998","unstructured":"Merikangas KR, Stolar M, Stevens DE, Goulet J, Preisig MA, Fenton B, Zhang H, O\u2019Malley SS, Rounsaville BJ (1998) Familial transmission of substance use disorders. JAMA Psychiat 55(11):973\u2013979","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"issue":"19","key":"2218_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450190043026","volume":"264","author":"DA Regier","year":"1990","unstructured":"Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rae DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ, Judd LL, Goodwin FK (1990) Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse: results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study. JAMA 264(19):2511\u20132518","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2218_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-136-4-200202190-00010","volume":"136","author":"JJ Mann","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mann JJ (2002) A current perspective of suicide and attempted suicide. Ann Int Med 136:302\u2013311","journal-title":"Ann Int Med"},{"key":"2218_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60372-X","volume":"373","author":"K Hawton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hawton K, van Heeringen K (2009) Suicide. Lancet 373:1372\u20131381","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2218_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.10101476","volume":"169","author":"ASB Bohnert","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bohnert ASB, Ilgen MA, Ignacio RV, McCarthy JF, Valenstein M, Blow FC (2012) Risk of death from accidental overdose associated with psychiatric and substance use disorders. Am J Psychiatry 169(1):64\u201370","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2218_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2032669","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.32669","volume":"4","author":"H Allen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Allen H, Gordon SH, Lee D, Bhanja A, Sommers BD (2021) Comparison of utilization, costs, and quality of Medicaid vs subsidized private health insurance for low-income adults. JAMA Netw Open 4(1):e2032669","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"2218_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.15070854","volume":"173","author":"JM Bostwick","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bostwick JM, Pabbati C, Geske JR, McKean AJ (2016) Suicide attempt as a risk factor for completed suicide: even more lethal than we knew. Am J Psychiatry 173(11):1094\u20131100","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2218_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.3894","volume":"75","author":"H Hansen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hansen H, Braslow J, Rohrbaugh RM (2018) From cultural to structural competency\u2014training psychiatry residents to act on social determinants of health and institutional racism. JAMA Psychiat 75(2):117\u2013118","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"issue":"9","key":"2218_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.1148","volume":"76","author":"L Shields-Zeeman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shields-Zeeman L, Lewis C, Gottlieb L (2019) Social and mental health care integration: the leading edge. JAMA Psychiat 76(9):881\u2013882","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiat"},{"issue":"4","key":"2218_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.focus.20150017","volume":"13","author":"MT Compton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Compton MT, Shim RS (2015) The social determinants of mental health. Focus 13(4):419\u2013425","journal-title":"Focus"},{"issue":"1","key":"2218_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx127","volume":"47","author":"RK Masters","year":"2018","unstructured":"Masters RK, Tilstra AM, Simon DH (2018) Explaining recent mortality trends among younger and middle-aged White Americans. Int J Epidemiol 47(1):81\u201388","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2218_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwab088","author":"AM Tilstra","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tilstra AM, Simon DH, Masters RK (2021) Trends in \u201cDeaths of Despair\u201d among Working Aged White and Black Americans, 1990\u20132017. Am J Epidemiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwab088 (Online ahead of print)","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2218_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304585","volume":"108","author":"PA Muennig","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muennig PA, Reynolds M, Fink DS, Zafari Z, Geronimus AT (2018) America\u2019s declining well-being, health, and life expectancy: Not just a White problem. Am J Public Health 108(12):1626\u20131631","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2218_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruhm CJ (2018) Deaths of despair or drug problems? https:\/\/www.nber.org\/system\/files\/working_papers\/w24188\/w24188.pdf. Accessed 6 Aug 2021","DOI":"10.3386\/w24188"},{"issue":"2","key":"2218_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6793(200002)17:2<105::AID-MAR3>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"17","author":"RJ Fisher","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fisher RJ, Katz JE (2000) Social-desirability bias and the validity of self-reported values. Psychol Mark 17(2):105\u2013120","journal-title":"Psychol Mark"},{"key":"2218_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7006a4","volume":"70","author":"CL Mattson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mattson CL, Tanz LJ, Quinn K, Kariisa M, Patel P, Davis NL (2021) Trends and geographical patterns in drug and synthetic opioid overdose deaths - United States, 2013\u20132019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 70:202\u2013207","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"}],"container-title":["Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T19:23:00Z","timestamp":1744140180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["2218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00127-022-02218-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0933-7954","1433-9285"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0933-7954","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-9285","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors report no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}