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Risk factors for group membership were also examined.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A 3-group model of conduct problems best fit the data (non-engagers, low-engagers, moderate-stable). The presence of peer problems increased the estimated level of conduct problems for both the low-engagers and moderate-stable groups across adolescence. No differences in conduct problems were observed when peer problems were present in childhood or preadolescence for these two groups, nor for the non-engagers group at any point. Being male, having lower perceived economic wellbeing, and lower levels of parental education predicted group membership for the moderate-stable group, whilst lower paternal education predicted membership for the low-engagers group.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Support for developmental \u2018turning points\u2019 was found, suggesting that adolescence is a particularly salient time for those with conduct problems. In particular, the presence of peer problems can increase observed conduct problems at this stage in development.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-024-02644-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T19:04:39Z","timestamp":1709319879000},"page":"2237-2246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Developmental trajectories of conduct problems and time-varying peer problems: the Bergen child study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Lisa-Christine","family":"Girard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tormod","family":"B\u00f8e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sondre Aasen","family":"Nilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin G\u00e4rtner","family":"Askeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Hysing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2644_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2021) https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/adolescent-mental-health (accessed Dec. 16, 2022)"},{"key":"2644_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barker ED et al (Oct. 2008) Predictive validity and early predictors of peer-victimization trajectories in preschool. 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For the first three waves, written informed consent was obtained from all parents whose child was included in the present study. For the fourth wave, parents and adolescents provided informed consent for their own participation, and adolescents further consented to having their parents participate.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Financial Disclosure Statement"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}