{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T15:07:40Z","timestamp":1780758460353,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470787200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chemicals Management Plan, Environment and Climate Change Canada"},{"name":"Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada"},{"name":"Ontario Graduate Scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-016-1898-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T07:32:23Z","timestamp":1470814343000},"page":"2-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":241,"title":["A Review of Organophosphate Esters in the Environment from Biological Effects to Distribution and Fate"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0749-2549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alana K.","family":"Greaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Letcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"1898_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1039\/b502318a","volume":"7","author":"K Bester","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bester K (2005) Comparison of TCPP concentrations in sludge and wastewater in a typical German sewage treatment plant\u2013\u2014comparison of sewage sludge from 20 plants. J Environ Monit 7:509\u2013513","journal-title":"J Environ Monit"},{"key":"1898_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.08.072","volume":"505","author":"SH Brandsma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brandsma SH, Leonards PEG, Leslie HA, de Boer J (2015) Tracing organophosphorus and brominated flame retardants and plasticizers in an estuarine food web. Sci Tot Environ 505:22\u201331","journal-title":"Sci Tot Environ"},{"key":"1898_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2011.11.046","volume":"1220","author":"D Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen D, Letcher RJ, Chu S (2012) Determination of non-halogenated, chlorinated and brominated organophosphate flame retardants in herring gull eggs based on liquid chromatography\u2013tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1220:169\u2013174","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"key":"1898_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/03067319408026208","volume":"55","author":"P Ciccioli","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ciccioli P, Cecinato A, Brancaleoni E, Montagnoli M, Allegrini I (1994) Chemical composition of particulate organic matter (POM) collected at Terra Nova Bay in Antarctica. Int J Environ Anal Chem 55:47\u201359","journal-title":"Int J Environ Anal Chem"},{"key":"1898_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.06.011","volume":"59","author":"J Cristale","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cristale J, Garc\u00eda V\u00e1zquez A, Barata C, Lacorte S (2013) Priority and emerging flame retardants in rivers: occurrence in water, sediment, Daphnia magna toxicity and risk assessment. Environ Int 59:232\u2013243","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"1898_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfs015","volume":"126","author":"D Crump","year":"2012","unstructured":"Crump D, Chiu S, Kennedy SW (2012) Effects of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate and tris(1-chloropropyl) phosphate on cytotoxicity and mRNA expression in primary cultures of avian hepatocytes and neuronal cells. Toxicol Sci 126:140\u2013148","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"1898_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.01.051","volume":"478","author":"I Eulaers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eulaers I, Jaspers VLB, Halley DJ, Lepoint G, Nyg\u00e5rd T, Pinxten R, Covaci A, Eens M (2014) Brominated and phosphorus flame retardants in white-tailed eagle Haliaeetus albicilla nestlings: bioaccumulation and associations with dietary proxies (\u03b413C, \u03b415N and \u03b434S). Sci Tot Environ 478:48\u201357","journal-title":"Sci Tot Environ"},{"key":"1898_CR9","unstructured":"Evenset A, Leknes H, Christensen GN, Warner N, Remberger M, Gabrielsen GW (2009) Screening of new contaminants in samples from the Norwegian Arctic. NIVA report 4351-1, SPFO-report 1049\/2009, TA-2510\/2009"},{"key":"1898_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft100","volume":"134","author":"A Farhat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Farhat A, Crump D, Chiu S, Williams KL, Letcher RJ, Gauthier LT, Kennedy SW (2013) In ovo effects of two organophosphate flame retardants TCPP and TDCPP on pipping success, development, mRNA expression, and thyroid hormone levels in chicken embryos. Toxicol Sci 134:92\u2013102","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"1898_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7448","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b00857","volume":"49","author":"KJ Fernie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fernie KJ, Palace V, Peters LE, Basu N, Letcher RJ, Karouna-Renier NK, Schultz SL, Lazarus RS, Rattner BA (2015) Investigating endocrine and physiological parameters of captive American kestrels exposed by diet to selected organophosphate flame retardants. Environ Sci Technol 49:7448\u20137455","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"1898_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1039\/b210342g","volume":"5","author":"E Fries","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fries E, P\u00fcttmann W (2003) Monitoring of the three organophosphate esters TBP, TCEP and TBEP in river water and ground water (Oder, Germany). J Environ Monit 5:346\u2013352","journal-title":"J Environ Monit"},{"key":"1898_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7942","DOI":"10.1021\/es501334w","volume":"48","author":"AK Greaves","year":"2014","unstructured":"Greaves AK, Letcher RJ (2014) Comparative body compartment composition and in ovo transfer of organophosphate flame retardants in North American Great Lakes herring gulls. Environ Sci Technol 48:7942\u20137950","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"1898_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.06.006","volume":"150","author":"AK Greaves","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greaves AK, Letcher RJ, Chen D, McGoldrick DJ, Gauthier LT, Backus SM (2016a) Retrospective analysis of organophosphate flame retardants in herring gull eggs and relation to the aquatic food web in the Great Lakes. Environ Res 150:255\u2013263","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"1898_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greaves AK, Su G, Letcher RJ (2016b) Environmentally relevant organophosphate triester flame retardants in herring gulls: in vitro biotransformation and kinetics and diester metabolite formation using a hepatic microsomal assay. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (accepted)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2016.08.007"},{"key":"1898_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.09.049","volume":"101","author":"IG Hallanger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hallanger IG, Sagerup K, Evenset A, Kovacs KM, Leonards P, Fuglei E, Routti H, Aars J, Str\u00f8m H, Lydersen C, Gabrielsen GW (2015) Organophosphorous flame retardants in biota from Svalbard, Norway. Mar Pollut Bull 101:442\u2013447","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"1898_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2011.07.020","volume":"159","author":"J-W Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim J-W, Isobe T, Chang K-H, Amano A, Maneja RH, Zamora PB, Siringan FP, Tanabe S (2011) Levels and distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in fishes from Manila Bay, the Philippines. Environ Pollut 159:3653\u20133659","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"1898_CR17","unstructured":"Leonards P, Steindal EH, van der Veen I, Berg V, Ove Bustnes J, van Leeuwen S (2011) Screening of organophosphor flame retardants 2010. SPFO-report 1091\/2011. TA-2786\/2011"},{"key":"1898_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12975","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03294","volume":"49","author":"H Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li H, Su G, Zou M, Yu L, Letcher RJ, Yu H, Giesy JP, Zhou B, Liu C (2015) Effects of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate on growth, reproduction, and gene transcription of Daphnia magna at environmentally relevant concentrations. Environ Sci Technol 49:12975\u201312983","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"1898_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7423","DOI":"10.1021\/es051013l","volume":"39","author":"A Marklund","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marklund A, Andersson B, Haglund P (2005) Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in Swedish sewage treatment plants. Environ Sci Technol 39:7423\u20137429","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"1898_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.08.005","volume":"388","author":"E Mart\u00ednez-Carballo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Carballo E, Gonz\u00e1lez-Barreiro C, Sitka A, Scharf S, Gans O (2007) Determination of selected organophosphate esters in the aquatic environment of Austria. Sci Tot Environ 388:290\u2013299","journal-title":"Sci Tot Environ"},{"key":"1898_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2014.06.024","volume":"193","author":"DJ McGoldrick","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGoldrick DJ, Letcher RJ, Barresi E, Keir MJ, Small J, Clark MG, Backus SM (2014) Organophosphate flame retardants and organosiloxanes in predatory freshwater fish from locations across Canada. Environ Pollut 193:254\u2013261","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"1898_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.06.014","volume":"138","author":"JW O\u2019Brien","year":"2015","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien JW, Thai PK, Brandsma SH, Leonards PEG, Ort C, Mueller JF (2015) Wastewater analysis of census day samples to investigate per capita input of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers into wastewater. Chemosphere 138:328\u2013334","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"1898_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.06.034","volume":"98","author":"A Papachilimitzou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Papachilimitzou A, Barber JL, Losada S, Bersuder P, Deaville R, Brownlow A, Penrose R, Jepson PD, Law RJ (2015) Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) and plasticisers in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded or bycaught in the UK during 2012. Mar Pollut Bull 98:328\u2013334","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"1898_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2469","volume":"33","author":"E Porter","year":"2014","unstructured":"Porter E, Crump D, Egloff E, Chiu S, Kennedy SW (2014) Use of an avian hepatocyte assay and the avian ToxChip polymerase chain reaction assay for testing prioritization of 16 organic flame retardants. Environ Toxicol Chem 33:573\u2013582","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"1898_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1021\/ez400034n","volume":"1","author":"A Salamova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Salamova A, Ma Y, Venier M, Hites RA (2014) High levels of organophosphate flame retardants in the Great Lakes atmosphere. Environ Sci Technol Lett 1:8\u201314","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"1898_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.11.084","volume":"150","author":"ED Schreder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schreder ED, Uding N, La Guardia MJ (2016) Inhalation a significant exposure route for chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants. Chemosphere 150:499\u2013504","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"1898_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2004.03.015","volume":"329","author":"PE Stackelberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stackelberg PE, Furlong ET, Meyer MT, Zaugg SD, Henderson AK, Reissman DB (2004) Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water treatment plant. Sci Tot Environ 329:99\u2013113","journal-title":"Sci Tot Environ"},{"key":"1898_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13511","DOI":"10.1021\/es5039547","volume":"48","author":"G Su","year":"2014","unstructured":"Su G, Crump D, Letcher RJ, Kennedy SW (2014) Rapid metabolism in vitro of triphenyl phosphate flame retardant and effects on cytotoxicity and mRNA expression in chicken embryonic hepatocytes. Environ Sci Technol 48:13511\u201313519","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"1898_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2015.08.018","volume":"142","author":"G Su","year":"2015","unstructured":"Su G, Letcher RJ, Moore JN, Williams LL, Martin PA, de Solla SR, Bowerman WW (2015) Spatial and temporal comparisons of legacy and emerging flame retardants in herring gull eggs from colonies spanning the Laurentian Great Lakes of Canada and United States. Environ Res 142:720\u2013730","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"1898_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2013.08.012","volume":"223","author":"N Eede van den","year":"2013","unstructured":"van den Eede N, Maho W, Erratico C, Neels H, Covaci A (2013) First insights in the metabolism of phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers using human liver fractions. Toxicol Lett 223:9\u201315","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"1898_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2015.01.021","volume":"284","author":"N Eede van den","year":"2015","unstructured":"van den Eede N, Erratico C, Exarchou V, Maho W, Neels H, Covaci A (2015) In vitro biotransformation of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) in human liver and serum. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 284:246\u2013253","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"1898_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.09.049","volume":"144","author":"N Eede van den","year":"2016","unstructured":"van den Eede N, Tomy G, Tao F, Halldorson T, Harrad S, Neels H, Covaci A (2016) Kinetics of tris(1-chloro-2 propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) metabolism in human liver microsomes and serum. Chemosphere 144:1299\u20131305","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"1898_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.03.067","volume":"88","author":"I Veen van der","year":"2012","unstructured":"van der Veen I, de Boer J (2012) Phosphorus flame retardants: properties, production, environmental occurrence, toxicity and analysis. Chemosphere 88:1119\u20131153","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"1898_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9563","DOI":"10.1021\/es501509r","volume":"48","author":"M Venier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Venier M, Dove A, Romanak K, Backus S, Hites RA (2014) Flame retardants and legacy chemicals in Great Lakes\u2019 water. Environ Sci Technol 48:9563\u20139572","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"1898_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.11.009","volume":"126","author":"Q Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang Q, Liang K, Liu J, Yang L, Guo Y, Liu C, Zhou B (2013) Exposure of zebrafish embryos\/larvae to TDCPP alters concentrations of thyroid hormones and transcriptions of genes involved in the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid axis. Aquat Toxicol 126:207\u2013213","journal-title":"Aquat Toxicol"},{"key":"1898_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14579","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b03849","volume":"49","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Ma X, Su G, Yu L, Letcher RJ, Hou J, Yu H, Giesy JP, Liu C (2015) Environmentally relevant concentrations of the flame retardant tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate inhibit growth of female zebrafish and decrease fecundity. Environ Sci Technol 49:14579\u201314587","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"}],"container-title":["Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00128-016-1898-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00128-016-1898-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00128-016-1898-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00128-016-1898-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T16:22:41Z","timestamp":1498321361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00128-016-1898-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1898"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00128-016-1898-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-4861","1432-0800"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-4861","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0800","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}}}