{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T06:54:52Z","timestamp":1771829692032,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Project of China","award":["2018YFC1800702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1800702"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002338","name":"Ministry of Education of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T2017002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2017002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-020-02886-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T17:05:01Z","timestamp":1591117501000},"page":"146-154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Immobilization of Lead and Cadmium in Soil Using Biochars Derived from Pig Manure and Suaeda glauca"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Yarui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheyun","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weili","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyang","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qimei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2886_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-015-1339-4","volume":"17","author":"M Ahmad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahmad M, Lee SS, Lee SE et al (2016a) Biochar-induced changes in soil properties affected immobilization\/mobilization of metals\/metalloids in contaminated soils. J Soils Sedim 17:717\u2013730","journal-title":"J Soils Sedim"},{"key":"2886_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2015.10.006","volume":"166","author":"M Ahmad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahmad M, Ok YS, Kim BY et al (2016b) Impact of soybean stover- and pine needle-derived biochars on Pb and As mobility, microbial community, and carbon stability in a contaminated agricultural soil. J Environ Manage 166:131\u2013139","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"2886_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1080\/00103629909370303","volume":"30","author":"I Ahumada","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ahumada I, Mendoza J, Navarrete E et al (2008) Sequential extraction of heavy metals in soils irrigated with wastewater. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 30:1507\u20131519","journal-title":"Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal"},{"key":"2886_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2010.10.016","volume":"159","author":"L Beesley","year":"2011","unstructured":"Beesley L, Marmiroli M (2011) The immobilisation and retention of soluble arsenic, cadmium and zinc by biochar. Environ Pollut 159:474\u2013480","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2886_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2014.03.017","volume":"272","author":"R Bian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bian R, Joseph S, Cui L et al (2014) A three-year experiment confirms continuous immobilization of cadmium and lead in contaminated paddy field with biochar amendment. J Hazard Mater 272:121\u2013128","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"2886_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.12.018","volume":"266","author":"N Bolan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bolan N, Kunhikrishnan A, Thangarajan R et al (2014) Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils-To mobilize or to immobilize? J Hazard Mater 266:141\u2013166","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"2886_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1021\/es103752u","volume":"45","author":"X Cao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cao X, Ma L, Liang Y et al (2011) Simultaneous immobilization of lead and atrazine in contaminated soils using dairy-manure biochar. Environ Sci Technol 45:4884\u20134889","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR8","first-page":"1662","volume":"12","author":"D Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen D, Li R, Bian R et al (2017) Contribution of soluble minerals in biochar to Pb2+ adsorption in aqueous solutions. BioResources 12:1662\u20131679","journal-title":"BioResources"},{"key":"2886_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4649","DOI":"10.1021\/es035034w","volume":"38","author":"Y Chun","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chun Y, Sheng G, Chiou CT et al (2004) Compositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars. Environ Sci Technol 38:4649\u20134655","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-8057-3","volume":"24","author":"F Ding","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ding F, He Z, Liu S et al (2017) Heavy metals in composts of China: Historical changes, regional variation, and potential impact on soil quality. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:3194\u20133209","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"2886_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.11.176","volume":"218","author":"Y Dong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dong Y, Wang H, Chang E et al (2019) Alleviation of aluminum phytotoxicity by canola straw biochars varied with their cultivating soils through an investigation of wheat seedling root elongation. Chemosphere 218:907\u2013914","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2014.11.032","volume":"176","author":"G Fang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fang G, Zhu C, Dionysiou DD et al (2015) Mechanism of hydroxyl radical generation from biochar suspensions: Implications to diethyl phthalate degradation. Biores Technol 176:210\u2013217","journal-title":"Biores Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR13","unstructured":"GB\/T 23739 (2009) Soil quality-Analysis of available lead and cadmium contents in soils- Atomic adsorption spectrometry (in Chinese)"},{"key":"2886_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.08.001","volume":"206","author":"A Ghaffar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ghaffar A, Ghosh S, Li F et al (2015) Effect of biochar aging on surface characteristics and adsorption behavior of dialkyl phthalates. Environ Pollut 206:502\u2013509","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2886_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2011.0124","volume":"41","author":"A Hass","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hass A, Gonzalez JM, Lima IM et al (2012) Chicken manure biochar as liming and nutrient source for acid Appalachian soil. J Environ Qual 41:1096\u20131106","journal-title":"J Environ Qual"},{"key":"2886_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2389.1993.tb02329.x","volume":"44","author":"Q He","year":"1993","unstructured":"He Q, Singh BR (1993) Effect of organic matter on the distribution, extractability and uptake of cadmium in soils. J Soil Sci 44:641\u2013650","journal-title":"J Soil Sci"},{"key":"2886_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.03.055","volume":"92","author":"D Houben","year":"2013","unstructured":"Houben D, Evrard L, Sonnet P (2013) Mobility, bioavailability and pH-dependent leaching of cadmium, zinc and lead in a contaminated soil amended with biochar. Chemosphere 92:1450\u20131457","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.01.148","volume":"174","author":"AD Igalavithana","year":"2017","unstructured":"Igalavithana AD, Lee SE, Lee YH et al (2017) Heavy metal immobilization and microbial community abundance by vegetable waste and pine cone biochar of agricultural soils. Chemosphere 174:593\u2013603","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.01.161","volume":"133","author":"J Jiang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jiang J, Xu R (2013) Application of crop straw derived biochars to Cu(II) contaminated Ultisol: evaluating role of alkali and organic functional groups in Cu(II) immobilization. Bioresour Technol 133:537\u2013545","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3421","DOI":"10.1021\/es8033044","volume":"43","author":"M Keiluweit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Keiluweit M, Kleber M (2009) Molecular-level interactions in soils and sediments: the role of aromatic pi-systems. Environ Sci Technol 43:3421\u20133419","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeochem.2014.02.003","volume":"43","author":"CN Kelly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kelly CN, Peltz CD, Stanton M et al (2014) Biochar application to hardrock mine tailings: Soil quality, microbial activity, and toxic element sorption. Appl Geochem 43:35\u201348","journal-title":"Appl Geochem"},{"key":"2886_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.12.294","volume":"625","author":"P Kumarathilaka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumarathilaka P, Ahmad M, Herath I et al (2018) Influence of bioenergy waste biochar on proton- and ligand-promoted release of Pb and Cu in a shooting range soil. Sci Total Environ 625:547\u2013554","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2886_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2013.08.135","volume":"148","author":"Y Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee Y, Park J, Ryu C et al (2013) Comparison of biochar properties from biomass residues produced by slow pyrolysis at 500 \u2103. Bioresour Technol 148:196\u2013201","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.05.030","volume":"204","author":"F Lian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lian F, Sun B, Chen X et al (2015) Effect of humic acid (HA) on sulfonamide sorption by biochars. Environ Pollut 204:306\u2013312","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2886_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.01.004","volume":"139","author":"B Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li B, Chen H, Lan Z et al (2017) Distribution, isomerization and enantiomer selectivity ofhexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereoisomers in different tissue andsubcellular fractions of earthworms. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 139:326\u2013334","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2886_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2015.08.129","volume":"198","author":"N Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu N, Charrua AB, Weng CH et al (2015) Characterization of biochars derived from agriculture wastes and their adsorptive removal of atrazine from aqueous solution: a comparative study. Bioresour Technol 198:55\u201362","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1021\/ef990236s","volume":"14","author":"L Lu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lu L, Sahajwalla V, Harris D (2000) Characteristics of chars prepared from various pulverized coals at different temperatures using drop-tube furnace. Energy Fuels 14:869\u2013876","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2886_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.05.068","volume":"186","author":"K Lu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lu K, Yang X, Gielen G et al (2017) Effect of bamboo and rice straw biochars on the mobility and redistribution of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in contaminated soil. J Environ Manage 186:285\u2013292","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"2886_CR29","unstructured":"MEP and MLR (Ministry of Environmental Protection and Ministry of Land and Resource of the People\u2019s Republic of China), (2014). The Bulletin of Nationwide Soil Pollution Status Survey (April, 2014. Index No. 000014672\/2014-00351) (in Chinese)"},{"key":"2886_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2007.01.020","volume":"310","author":"D Mohan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mohan D, Pittman CU Jr, Brick, AM et al (2007) Sorption of arsenic, cadmium, and lead by chars produced from fast pyrolysis of wood and bark during bio-oil production. J Colloid Interface Sci 310:57\u201373","journal-title":"J Colloid Interface Sci"},{"key":"2886_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.06.073","volume":"85","author":"YS Ok","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ok YS, Usman AR, Lee SS et al (2011) Effects of rapeseed residue on lead and cadmium availability and uptake by rice plants in heavy metal contaminated paddy soil. Chemosphere 85:677\u2013682","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-011-0948-y","volume":"348","author":"JH Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park JH, Choppala GK, Bolan NS et al (2011) Biochar reduces the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals. Plant Soil 348:439\u2013451","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"2886_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2017.10.056","volume":"206","author":"KM Poo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poo KM, Son EB, Chan JS et al (2018) Biochars derived from wasted marine macro-algae (Saccharina japonica and Sargassum fusiforme) and their potential for heavy metal removal in aqueous solution. J Environ Manage 206:364\u2013372","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"2886_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.01.043","volume":"148","author":"AU Rajapaksha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rajapaksha AU, Chen SS, Tsang DC et al (2016) Engineered\/designer biochar for contaminant removal\/immobilization from soil and water: Potential and implication of biochar modification. Chemosphere 148:276\u2013291","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.07.078","volume":"242","author":"X Ren","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ren X, Sun H, Wang F et al (2018) Effect of aging in field soil on biochar's properties and its sorption capacity. Environ Pollut 242:1880\u20131886","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2886_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.03.067","volume":"142","author":"J Rinklebe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rinklebe J, Shaheen SM, Frohne T et al (2016) Amendment of biochar reduces the release of toxic elements under dynamic redox conditions in a contaminated floodplain soil. Chemosphere 142:41\u201347","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.08.008","volume":"609","author":"Z Shen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shen Z, Zhang Y, Jin F et al (2017) Qualitative and quantitative characterisation of adsorption mechanisms of lead on four biochars. Sci Total Environ 609:1401\u20131410","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2886_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.12552","volume":"19","author":"X Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun X, Gao Y, Wang D et al (2017) Stoichiometric variation of halophytes in response to changes in soil salinity. Plant Biol 19:360\u2013367","journal-title":"Plant Biol"},{"key":"2886_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5035","DOI":"10.1021\/jf300825n","volume":"60","author":"M Uchimiya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Uchimiya M, Bannon DI, Wartelle LH et al (2012) Lead retention by broiler litter biochars in small arms range soil: Impact of pyrolysis temperature. J Agric Food Chem 60:5035\u20135044","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"2886_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.03.063","volume":"190","author":"M Uchimiya","year":"2011","unstructured":"Uchimiya M, Chang S, Klasson KT et al (2011) Screening biochars for heavy metal retention in soil: Role of oxygen functional groups. J Hazard Mater 190:432\u2013441","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"2886_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-009-0050-x","volume":"327","author":"L Van Zwieten","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Zwieten L, Kimber S, Morris S et al (2009) Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility. Plant Soil 327:235\u2013246","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"2886_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2016.08.006","volume":"219","author":"F Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang F, Ren X, Sun H et al (2016) Sorption of polychlorinated biphenyls onto biochars derived from corn straw and the effect of propranolol. Bioresou Technol 219:458\u2013465","journal-title":"Bioresou Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-019-02504-2","volume":"20","author":"H Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang H, Dong Y, Tong X et al (2019) The amelioration effects of canola straw biochar on Ultisol acidity varied with the soil in which the feedstock crop was cultivated. J Soils Sedim 20:1424\u20131434","journal-title":"J Soils Sedim"},{"key":"2886_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.10.039","volume":"148","author":"T Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang T, Sun H, Ren X et al (2018) Adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solution by UV-mutant Bacillus subtilis loaded on biochars derived from different stock materials. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 148:285\u2013292","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2886_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.11.005","volume":"168","author":"X Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang X, Zhang C, Qiu B et al (2017) Biotransfer of Cd along a soil-plant: mealybug-ladybird food chain: a comparison with host plants. Chemosphere 168:699\u2013706","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5890","DOI":"10.1021\/ef400972z","volume":"27","author":"Y Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang Y, Hu Y, Zhao X et al (2013) Comparisons of biochar properties from wood material and crop residues at different temperatures and residence times. Energy Fuels 27:5890\u20135899","journal-title":"Energy Fuels"},{"key":"2886_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2014.11.077","volume":"177","author":"Z Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang Z, Liu G, Zheng H et al (2015) Investigating the mechanisms of biochar's removal of lead from solution. Bioresour Technol 177:308\u2013317","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5027","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b06487","volume":"52","author":"X Xiao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xiao X, Chen B, Chen Z et al (2018) Insight into multiple and multilevel structures of biochars and their potential environmental applications: a critical review. Environ Sci Technol 52:5027\u20135047","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.01.058","volume":"223","author":"Y Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang Y, Christakos G, Guo M et al (2017) Space-time quantitative source apportionment of soil heavy metal concentration increments. Environ Pollut 223:560\u2013566","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"2886_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.07.007","volume":"161","author":"Y Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang Y, Zhang W, Qiu H et al (2016) Effect of coexisting Al(III) ions on Pb(II) sorption on biochars: Role of pH buffer and competition. Chemosphere 161:438\u2013445","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2886_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2010.11.018","volume":"102","author":"J Yuan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yuan J, Xu R, Zhang H et al (2011) The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures. Bioresour Technol 102:3488\u20133497","journal-title":"Bioresour Technol"},{"key":"2886_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.17221\/358\/2011-PSE","volume":"58","author":"Q Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu Q, Huang D, Liu S et al (2012) Assessment of single extraction methods for evaluating the immobilization effect of amendments on cadmium in contaminated acidic paddy soil. Plant Soil Environ 58:98\u2013103","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ"}],"container-title":["Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00128-020-02886-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00128-020-02886-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00128-020-02886-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T05:07:55Z","timestamp":1622524075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00128-020-02886-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["2886"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00128-020-02886-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-4861","1432-0800"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-4861","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0800","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}