{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T07:24:37Z","timestamp":1794036277179,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"name":"Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05gqaka33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthop\u00e4die"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Arthroscopic and mini-open surgery are both valid options for managing symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). The current systematic review compared the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic surgery versus mini-open surgery for femoroacetabular impingement. The primary outcomes assessed included patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the incidence of complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review followed the PRISMA statement. The Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase were accessed in June 2025 without additional filters or temporal constraints. All clinical studies concerning the surgical management of FAI were considered. Only investigations on arthroscopy or a\u00a0mini-open surgical approach and those directly comparing the two techniques were included. Only studies with at least 6 months of follow-up were considered. The PROMs of interest were the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS). Data on the reoperation rate and progression to total hip arthroplasty were collected. The mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) measures were used for the comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from 233 clinical studies (54,272 patients) were retrieved. The mean follow-up duration was 33.9\u202f\u00b1\u200922.7 months. The mean age was 35.0\u202f\u00b1\u20095.2\u00a0years and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.1\u202f\u00b1\u20092.1\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Arthroscopic surgery showed higher VAS (MD 1.2\/10;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.02) and mHHS values (MD 3.3\/100;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&lt;\u20090.01); however, despite being statistically significant, these differences had minimal clinical relevance. A\u00a0statistically significant increase in the risk of reoperation was observed in the arthroscopy group (OR\u00a08.9;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&lt;\u20090.01). No significant difference was observed in the progression to THA (OR:\u00a00.9;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u20090.4).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mini-open and arthroscopic surgery for symptomatic FAI achieve similar clinical outcomes and comparable complication rates at approximately 34\u00a0months follow-up. The mini-open approach was associated with a\u00a0lower risk of reoperation. Future research should focus on long-term follow-up and standardized outcome measures to refine the understanding of these surgical options and enhance patient care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-026-04779-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T09:53:31Z","timestamp":1771926811000},"page":"737-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Arthroscopy versus mini-open surgery for femoroacetabular impingement","Arthroskopie versus minimal-invasive Operation bei femoroazetabul\u00e4rem Impingement"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7220-1221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Migliorini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Maffulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel Giovanni","family":"Mazzoleni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Bardazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swaminathan","family":"Ramasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveen","family":"Jeyaraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhan","family":"Jeyaraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4779_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671241232306","volume":"12","author":"DN Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim\u00a0DN, Fong\u00a0S, Park\u00a0N, Simington\u00a0J, Atadja\u00a0L, Pettinelli\u00a0N, Lee\u00a0MS, Gillinov\u00a0SM, Maldonado\u00a0DR, Jimenez\u00a0AE (2024) Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes in Patients After Hip Arthroscopy With Labral Reconstruction: A Systematic Review. Orthop J Sports Med 12(6):23259671241232306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23259671241232306","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2021.11.006","volume":"21","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Baroncini\u00a0A, Eschweiler\u00a0J, Knobe\u00a0M, Tingart\u00a0M, Maffulli\u00a0N (2023) Return to sport after arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement. Surgeon 21(1):21\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surge.2021.11.006","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldaa038","volume":"138","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Liu\u00a0Y, Catalano\u00a0G, Trivellas\u00a0A, Eschweiler\u00a0J, Tingart\u00a0M, Maffulli\u00a0N (2021) Medium-term results of arthroscopic treatment for femoroacetabular impingement. Br Med Bull 138(1):68\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bmb\/ldaa038","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-024-00810-1","volume":"25","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Cocconi\u00a0F, Bardazzi\u00a0T, Masoni\u00a0V, Gardino\u00a0V, Pipino\u00a0G, Maffulli\u00a0N (2024) The ligamentum teres and its role in hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review. J\u00a0Orthop Traumatol 25(1):68\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10195-024-00810-1","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-024-00811-0","volume":"25","author":"G Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao\u00a0G, Zhu\u00a0Y, Zhang\u00a0S, Ao\u00a0Y, Wang\u00a0J, Xu\u00a0Y (2024) Postoperative femoral head cartilage injury after hip arthroscopic treatment for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and labral tear. J\u00a0Orthop Traumatol 25(1):64\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10195-024-00811-0","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s10195-024-00770-6","volume":"25","author":"M Wagner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wagner\u00a0M, Lindtner\u00a0RA, Schaller\u00a0L, Schmaranzer\u00a0F, Schmaranzer\u00a0E, Vavron\u00a0P, Endstrasser\u00a0F, Brunner\u00a0A (2024) Hip arthroscopy with initial access to the peripheral compartment for femoroacetabular impingement: midterm results from a large-scale patient cohort. J\u00a0Orthop Traumatol 25(1):29\u201329","journal-title":"J Orthop Traumatol"},{"key":"4779_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13237214","author":"L Lucenti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lucenti\u00a0L, Maffulli\u00a0N, Bardazzi\u00a0T, Pipino\u00a0G, Pappalardo\u00a0G, Migliorini\u00a0F (2024) No Effect of Cigarette Smoking in the Outcome of Arthroscopic Management for Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review. J\u00a0Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13237214","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4779_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13175219","author":"L Lucenti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lucenti\u00a0L, Maffulli\u00a0N, Bardazzi\u00a0T, Saggini\u00a0R, Memminger\u00a0M, Simeone\u00a0F, Migliorini\u00a0F (2024) Return to Sport Following Arthroscopic Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review. J\u00a0Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm13175219","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4779_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13050470","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Maffulli\u00a0N, Bardazzi\u00a0T, Ramasubramanian\u00a0S, Jeyaraman\u00a0N, Jeyaraman\u00a0M (2025) Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement in Athletes Versus Non-Athletes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare13050470","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4779_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2018.7816","volume":"48","author":"P van Klij","year":"2018","unstructured":"van Klij\u00a0P, Heerey\u00a0J, Waarsing\u00a0JH, Agricola\u00a0R (2018) The Prevalence of Cam and Pincer Morphology and Its Association With Development of Hip Osteoarthritis. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 48(4):230\u2013238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2018.7816","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.5371\/hp.2018.30.1.5","volume":"30","author":"J Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han\u00a0J, Won\u00a0SH, Kim\u00a0JT, Hahn\u00a0MH, Won\u00a0YY (2018) Prevalence of Cam Deformity with Associated Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome in Hip Joint Computed Tomography of Asymptomatic Adults. Hip Pelvis 30(1):5\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5371\/hp.2018.30.1.5","journal-title":"Hip Pelvis"},{"issue":"4","key":"4779_CR12","first-page":"244","volume":"25","author":"H Ersoy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ersoy\u00a0H, Trane\u00a0RN, Pomeranz\u00a0SJ (2016) Cam and Pincer Type of Femoroacetabular Impingement. J\u00a0Surg Orthop Adv 25(4):244\u2013249","journal-title":"J Surg Orthop Adv"},{"issue":"9","key":"4779_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1249\/jsr.0000000000000748","volume":"19","author":"SD Trigg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Trigg\u00a0SD, Schroeder\u00a0JD, Hulsopple\u00a0C (2020) Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome. Curr Sports Med Rep 19(9):360\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/jsr.0000000000000748","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"4779_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1347-z","volume":"468","author":"J Cobb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cobb\u00a0J, Logishetty\u00a0K, Davda\u00a0K, Iranpour\u00a0F (2010) Cams and pincer impingement are distinct, not mixed: the acetabular pathomorphology of femoroacetabular impingement. Clin Orthop Relat Res 468(8):2143\u20132151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-010-1347-z","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4779_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2012.12.002","volume":"51","author":"S Dimmick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dimmick\u00a0S, Stevens\u00a0KJ, Brazier\u00a0D, Anderson\u00a0SE (2013) Femoroacetabular impingement. Radiol Clin North Am 51(3):337\u2013352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rcl.2012.12.002","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"13","key":"4779_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546521997138","volume":"49","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Maffulli\u00a0N (2021) Arthroscopic Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement in Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Am J Sports Med 49(13):3708\u20133715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546521997138","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"4779_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2021.02.013","volume":"20","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Maffulli\u00a0N, Knobe\u00a0M, Eschweiler\u00a0J, Tingart\u00a0M, Baroncini\u00a0A (2022) Arthroscopic labral repair for femoroacetabular impingement: A systematic review. Surgeon 20(5):e225\u2013e230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surge.2021.02.013","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"key":"4779_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14051455","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Pilone\u00a0M, Lucenti\u00a0L, Bardazzi\u00a0T, Pipino\u00a0G, Vaishya\u00a0R, Maffulli\u00a0N (2025) Arthroscopic Management of Femoroacetabular Impingement: Current Concepts. J\u00a0Clin Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14051455","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"4779_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.83b8.11964","volume":"83","author":"R Ganz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ganz\u00a0R, Gill\u00a0TJ, Gautier\u00a0E, Ganz\u00a0K, Kr\u00fcgel\u00a0N, Berlemann\u00a0U (2001) Surgical dislocation of the adult hip a technique with full access to the femoral head and acetabulum without the risk of avascular necrosis. Bone Joint J 83(8):1119\u20131124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.83b8.11964","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.10.005","volume":"30","author":"I Zaltz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zaltz\u00a0I, Kelly\u00a0BT, Larson\u00a0CM, Leunig\u00a0M, Bedi\u00a0A (2014) Surgical treatment of femoroacetabular impingement: what are the limits of hip arthroscopy? Arthroscopy 30(1):99\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2013.10.005","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"3","key":"4779_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2021.01.016","volume":"20","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Liu\u00a0Y, Eschweiler\u00a0J, Baroncini\u00a0A, Tingart\u00a0M, Maffulli\u00a0N (2022) Increased range of motion but otherwise similar clinical outcome of arthroscopy over open osteoplasty for femoroacetabular impingement at midterm follow-up: A\u00a0systematic review. Surgeon 20(3):194\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surge.2021.01.016","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"issue":"2","key":"4779_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.83b2.11092","volume":"83","author":"K Ito","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ito\u00a0K, Minka\u00a0MA 2nd, Leunig\u00a0M, Werlen\u00a0S, Ganz\u00a0R (2001) Femoroacetabular impingement and the cam-effect. A MRI-based quantitative anatomical study of the femoral head-neck offset. Bone Joint J 83(2):171\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.83b2.11092","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"4","key":"4779_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.84b4.12014","volume":"84","author":"HP N\u00f6tzli","year":"2002","unstructured":"N\u00f6tzli\u00a0HP, Wyss\u00a0TF, Stoecklin\u00a0CH, Schmid\u00a0MR, Treiber\u00a0K, Hodler\u00a0J (2002) The contour of the femoral head-neck junction as a predictor for the risk of anterior impingement. Bone Joint J 84(4):556\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.84b4.12014","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03543-9","volume":"18","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Maffulli\u00a0N, Bell\u00a0A, Cuozzo\u00a0F, Hildebrand\u00a0F, Weber\u00a0CD (2023) Midterm results after arthroscopic femoral neck osteoplasty combined with labral debridement for cam type femoroacetabular impingement in active adults. J\u00a0Orthop Surg Res 18(1):67\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-023-03543-9","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"4779_CR25","first-page":"608","volume":"37","author":"TG Sampson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sampson\u00a0TG (2008) Arthroscopic treatment of femoroacetabular impingement. Am J Orthop 37(12):608\u2013612","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"4779_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.3.170041","volume":"3","author":"R Nasser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nasser\u00a0R, Domb\u00a0B (2018) Hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement. EFORT Open Rev 3(4):121\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2058-5241.3.170041","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.10.010","volume":"32","author":"M Khan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Khan\u00a0M, Habib\u00a0A, de Sa\u00a0D, Larson\u00a0CM, Kelly\u00a0BT, Bhandari\u00a0M, Ayeni\u00a0OR, Bedi\u00a0A (2016) Arthroscopy Up to Date: Hip Femoroacetabular Impingement. Arthroscopy 32(1):177\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.10.010","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"3","key":"4779_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0656-y","volume":"467","author":"F Laude","year":"2009","unstructured":"Laude\u00a0F, Sariali\u00a0E, Nogier\u00a0A (2009) Femoroacetabular impingement treatment using arthroscopy and anterior approach. Clin Orthop Relat Res 467(3):747\u2013752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-008-0656-y","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"4779_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.4103\/ortho.IJOrtho_248_16","volume":"51","author":"P Skowronek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Skowronek\u00a0P, Synder\u00a0M, Polguj\u00a0M, Marczak\u00a0D, Sibi\u0144ski\u00a0M (2017) Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement with a\u00a0Mini-open Direct Anterior Approach. Indian J Orthop 51(6):677\u2013680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ortho.IJOrtho_248_16","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1257-z","volume":"14","author":"CT Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu\u00a0CT, Mahameed\u00a0M, Lin\u00a0PC, Lu\u00a0YD, Kuo\u00a0FC, Lee\u00a0MS (2019) Treatment of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement using anterolateral mini-open and arthroscopic osteochondroplasty. J\u00a0Orthop Surg Res 14(1):222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-019-1257-z","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2011.08.011","volume":"98","author":"P Chiron","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chiron\u00a0P, Espi\u00e9\u00a0A, Reina\u00a0N, Cavaignac\u00a0E, Molinier\u00a0F, Laffosse\u00a0JM (2012) Surgery for femoroacetabular impingement using a\u00a0minimally invasive anterolateral approach: analysis of 118 cases at 2.2-year follow-up. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 98(1):30\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2011.08.011","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"4779_CR32","unstructured":"Howick J CI, Glasziou P, Greenhalgh T, Carl Heneghan, Liberati A, Moschetti I, Phillips B, Thornton H, Goddard O, Hodgkinson M (2011) The 2011 Oxford CEBM Levels of Evidence. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Available at https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/ o=5653"},{"key":"4779_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page\u00a0MJ, McKenzie\u00a0JE, Bossuyt\u00a0PM, Boutron\u00a0I, Hoffmann\u00a0TC, Mulrow\u00a0CD, Shamseer\u00a0L, Tetzlaff\u00a0JM, Akl\u00a0EA, Brennan\u00a0SE, Chou\u00a0R, Glanville\u00a0J, Grimshaw\u00a0JM, Hr\u00f3bjartsson\u00a0A, Lalu\u00a0MM, Li\u00a0T, Loder\u00a0EW, Mayo-Wilson\u00a0E, McDonald\u00a0S, McGuinness\u00a0LA, Stewart\u00a0LA, Thomas\u00a0J, Tricco\u00a0AC, Welch\u00a0VA, Whiting\u00a0P, Moher\u00a0D (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Can J Hosp Pharm 372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2017.12.001","volume":"15","author":"K Vishwanathan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vishwanathan\u00a0K, Akbari\u00a0K, Patel\u00a0AJ (2018) Is the modified Harris hip score valid and responsive instrument for outcome assessment in the Indian population with pertrochanteric fractures? J\u00a0Orthop 15(1):40\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jor.2017.12.001","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"4779_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2021.01.035","volume":"37","author":"EC Beck","year":"2021","unstructured":"Beck\u00a0EC, Nwachukwu\u00a0BU, Chahla\u00a0J, Clapp\u00a0IM, Jan\u00a0K, Nho\u00a0SJ (2021) Complete Capsular Closure Provides Higher Rates of Clinically Significant Outcome Improvement and Higher Survivorship Versus Partial Closure After Hip Arthroscopy at Minimum 5\u2011Year Follow-Up. Arthroscopy 37(6):1833\u20131842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arthro.2021.01.035","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"13","key":"4779_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3133","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519877861","volume":"47","author":"EC Beck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beck\u00a0EC, Nwachukwu\u00a0BU, Kunze\u00a0KN, Chahla\u00a0J, Nho\u00a0SJ (2019) How Can We Define Clinically Important Improvement in Pain Scores After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome? Minimum 2\u2011Year Follow-up Study. Am J Sports Med 47(13):3133\u20133140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546519877861","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119894747","volume":"8","author":"P Carton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carton\u00a0P, Filan\u00a0D (2020) Defining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference in Athletes Undergoing Arthroscopic Correction of Sports-Related Femoroacetabular Impingement: The Percentage of Possible Improvement. Orthop J Sports Med 8(1):2325967119894747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2325967119894747","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"4779_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chahal J, Thiel G, Mather R, Lee S, Salata M, Nho S (2014) The Minimal Clinical Important Difference (MCID) And Patient Acceptable Symptomatic State (PASS) For The Modified Harris Hip Score And Hip Outcome Score Among Patients Undergoing Surgical Treatment For Femoroacetabular Impingement. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2 (2 Suppl)","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967114S00105"},{"key":"4779_CR39","unstructured":"Higgins JPT TJ, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (editors). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version\u00a06.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane, 2022. Available from www.training.cochrane.org\/handbook."},{"key":"4779_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","volume":"355","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne\u00a0JA, Hernan\u00a0MA, Reeves\u00a0BC, Savovic\u00a0J, Berkman\u00a0ND, Viswanathan\u00a0M, Henry\u00a0D, Altman\u00a0DG, Ansari\u00a0MT, Boutron\u00a0I, Carpenter\u00a0JR, Chan\u00a0AW, Churchill\u00a0R, Deeks\u00a0JJ, Hrobjartsson\u00a0A, Kirkham\u00a0J, Juni\u00a0P, Loke\u00a0YK, Pigott\u00a0TD, Ramsay\u00a0CR, Regidor\u00a0D, Rothstein\u00a0HR, Sandhu\u00a0L, Santaguida\u00a0PL, Schunemann\u00a0HJ, Shea\u00a0B, Shrier\u00a0I, Tugwell\u00a0P, Turner\u00a0L, Valentine\u00a0JC, Waddington\u00a0H, Waters\u00a0E, Wells\u00a0GA, Whiting\u00a0PF, Higgins\u00a0JP (2016) ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. Can J Hosp Pharm 355:i4919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i4919","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4779_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1411","author":"LA McGuinness","year":"2020","unstructured":"McGuinness\u00a0LA, Higgins\u00a0JPT (2020) Risk-of-bias VISualization (robvis): An R package and Shiny web app for visualizing risk-of-bias assessments. Research Synthesis Methods. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jrsm.1411","journal-title":"Research Synthesis Methods"},{"key":"4779_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne\u00a0JAC, Savovic\u00a0J, Page\u00a0MJ, Elbers\u00a0RG, Blencowe\u00a0NS, Boutron\u00a0I, Cates\u00a0CJ, Cheng\u00a0HY, Corbett\u00a0MS, Eldridge\u00a0SM, Emberson\u00a0JR, Hernan\u00a0MA, Hopewell\u00a0S, Hrobjartsson\u00a0A, Junqueira\u00a0DR, Juni\u00a0P, Kirkham\u00a0JJ, Lasserson\u00a0T, Li\u00a0T, McAleenan\u00a0A, Reeves\u00a0BC, Shepperd\u00a0S, Shrier\u00a0I, Stewart\u00a0LA, Tilling\u00a0K, White\u00a0IR, Whiting\u00a0PF, Higgins\u00a0JPT (2019) RoB 2: a\u00a0revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. Can J Hosp Pharm 366:l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4779_CR43","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022)","author":"JPT Higgins","year":"2022","unstructured":"Higgins\u00a0JPT, SJ\u00a0SJ, Page\u00a0MJ, Elbers\u00a0RG, Sterne\u00a0JAC (2022) Chapter 8: Assessing risk of bias in a randomized trial. In: Higgins\u00a0JPT, Thomas\u00a0J, Chandler\u00a0J, Cumpston\u00a0M, Li\u00a0T, Page\u00a0MJ, Welch\u00a0VA (eds) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.3 (updated February 2022). Cochrane,"},{"key":"4779_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Altman DG, G\u00f8tzsche PC, J\u00fcni P, Moher D, Oxman AD, Savovi\u0107 J, Schulz KF, Weeks L, Sterne JA (2011) The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. Bmj 343","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"issue":"4","key":"4779_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2022.100422","volume":"26","author":"GB Gasparin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gasparin\u00a0GB, Frasson\u00a0VB, Fritsch\u00a0CG, Morales\u00a0A, Vaz\u00a0MA, Baroni\u00a0BM (2022) Are the Harris Hip Score and the Hip Outcome Score valid patient-reported outcome measures for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome? Braz J Phys Ther 26(4):100422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjpt.2022.100422","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"4779_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512460650","volume":"40","author":"A Aprato","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aprato\u00a0A, Jayasekera\u00a0N, Villar\u00a0RN (2012) Does the modified Harris hip score reflect patient satisfaction after hip arthroscopy? Am J Sports Med 40(11):2557\u20132560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546512460650","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"4779_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0618-4","volume":"467","author":"VM Ilizaliturri Jr","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ilizaliturri\u00a0VM Jr (2009) Complications of arthroscopic femoroacetabular impingement treatment: a\u00a0review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 467(3):760\u2013768. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-008-0618-4","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4779_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2015.00063","volume":"2","author":"BD Kuhns","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuhns\u00a0BD, Frank\u00a0RM, Pulido\u00a0L (2015) Open and Arthroscopic Surgical Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement. Front Surg 2:63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2015.00063","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"4779_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2020.07.006","volume":"106","author":"P Martinot","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martinot\u00a0P, Trouillez\u00a0T, Dartus\u00a0J, Putman\u00a0S, Girard\u00a0J, Migaud\u00a0H (2020) Treatment of femoroacetabular impingement by arthroscopy versus anterior mini-open approach: Case-control study of a\u00a0continuous series of 91\u00a0cases at a\u00a0mean 4.6\u00a0years\u2019 follow-up. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 106(8):1575\u20131580. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2020.07.006","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"4779_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.109.BJR-2020-0443.R1","volume":"10","author":"D Addai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Addai\u00a0D, Zarkos\u00a0J, Pettit\u00a0M, Sunil Kumar\u00a0KH, Khanduja\u00a0V (2021) Outcomes following surgical management of femoroacetabular impingement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of different surgical techniques. Bone Joint Res 10(9):574\u2013590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2046-3758.109.BJR-2020-0443.R1","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4779_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211011744","volume":"50","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Maffulli\u00a0N, Baroncini\u00a0A, Eschweiler\u00a0J, Tingart\u00a0M, Betsch\u00a0M (2022) Revision Surgery and Progression to Total Hip Arthroplasty After Surgical Correction of Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review. Am J Sports Med 50(4):1146\u20131156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03635465211011744","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"4779_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2025.03.012","volume":"70","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Coppola\u00a0F, Rosolani\u00a0M, D\u2019Addona\u00a0A, Di Francia\u00a0V, Grappiolo\u00a0G, Della Rocca\u00a0F (2025) One stage total hip arthroplasty and contralateral hip arthroscopy for bilateral femoroacetabular impingement and osteoarthritis: A\u00a0clinical trial. J\u00a0Orthop 70:133\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jor.2025.03.012","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"4779_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-025-05890-0","volume":"145","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Migliorini\u00a0F, Vaishya\u00a0R, Simeone\u00a0F, Memminger\u00a0MK, Betsch\u00a0M, Pasurka\u00a0M (2025) Long-term outcomes of arthroscopic management of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: a systematic review. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 145(1):267\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-025-05890-0","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"}],"container-title":["Die Orthop\u00e4die"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00132-026-04779-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00132-026-04779-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00132-026-04779-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T06:38:27Z","timestamp":1794033507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00132-026-04779-z"}},"subtitle":["A\u00a0systematic review of clinical outcomes","Ein systematisches Review der klinischen Ergebnisse"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["4779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00132-026-04779-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-7145","2731-7153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-7145","type":"print"},{"value":"2731-7153","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"F.\u00a0Migliorini, N.\u00a0Maffulli, M.G.\u00a0Mazzoleni, T.\u00a0Bardazzi, S.\u00a0Ramasubramanian, N.\u00a0Jeyaraman and M.\u00a0Jeyaraman declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies mentioned were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical standards","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}