{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T10:34:30Z","timestamp":1787654070970,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,25]],"date-time":"2006-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1140825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intensive Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0080-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,24]],"date-time":"2006-02-24T13:19:04Z","timestamp":1140787144000},"page":"545-552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Variable costs of ICU patients: a\u00a0multicenter prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Simini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Brazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Radrizzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Iapichino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Bertolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"80_CR1","first-page":"36","volume":"167","author":"G Guyatt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Guyatt G, Yalnizyan A, Devereaux PJ (2002) Solving the public health care sustainability puzzle. Can Med Assoc J 167:36\u201338","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"80_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199609000-00025","volume":"24","author":"DK Heyland","year":"1996","unstructured":"Heyland DK, Kernerman P, Gafni A, Cook DJ (1996) Economic evaluations in the critical care literature: do they help us improve the efficiency of our unit? Crit Care Med 24:1591\u20131598","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200302000-00023","volume":"96","author":"E Bloomfield","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bloomfield E (2003) The impact of economics on changing medical technology with reference to critical care medicine in the United States. Anesth Analg 96:418\u2013425","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"80_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200301001-00003","volume":"31","author":"RJ Weber","year":"2003","unstructured":"Weber RJ, Kane SL, Oriolo VA, Saul M, Skledar SJ, Dasta JF (2003) Impact of intensive care unit (ICU) drug use on hospital costs: a\u00a0descriptive analysis, with recommendations for optimizing ICU pharmacotherapy. Crit Care Med 31:S17\u2013S24","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199906000-00052","volume":"27","author":"DK Heyland","year":"1999","unstructured":"Heyland DK, Gafni A, Kernerman P, Keenan S, Chalfin D (1999) How to use the results of an economic evaluation. Crit Care Med 27:1195\u20131202","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1279-5","volume":"28","author":"M Jegers","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jegers M, Edbrooke DL, Hibbert CL, Chalfin DB, Burchardi H (2002) Definitions and methods of cost assessment: an intensivist's guide. ESICM section on health research and outcome working group on cost effectiveness. Intensive Care Med 28:680\u2013685","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199505000-00028","volume":"23","author":"M Gyldmark","year":"1995","unstructured":"Gyldmark M (1995) A\u00a0review of cost studies of intensive care units: problems with the cost concept. Crit Care Med 23:964\u2013972","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2001.02052.x","volume":"56","author":"P Jacobs","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jacobs P, Edbrooke D, Hibbert C, Fassbender K, Corcoran M (2001) Descriptive patient data as an explanation for the variation in average daily costs in intensive care. Anaesthesia 56:643\u2013647","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"80_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1494-0","volume":"28","author":"L Brazzi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brazzi L, Bertolini G, Arrighi E, Rossi F, Facchini R, Luciani D (2002) Top-down costing: problems in determining staff costs in intensive care medicine. Intensive Care Med 28:1661\u20131663","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2019-1","volume":"29","author":"G Bertolini","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bertolini G, Rossi C, Brazzi L, Radrizzani D, Rossi G, Arrighi E, Simini B (2003) The relationship between labour cost per patient and the size of intensive care units: a\u00a0multicentre prospective study. Intensive Care Med 29:2307\u20132311","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050406","volume":"23","author":"Miranda Reis D","year":"1997","unstructured":"Reis Miranda D, Moreno R, Iapichino G (1997) Nine equivalents of nursing manpower use score (NEMS). Intensive Care Med 23:760\u2013765","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199809000-00009","volume":"36","author":"G Bertolini","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bertolini G, D'Amico R, Apolone G, Cattaneo A, Ravizza A, Iapichino G, Brazzi L, Melotti RM (1998) Predicting outcome in the intensive care unit using scoring systems: is new better? A\u00a0comparison of SAPS and SAPS II in a\u00a0cohort of 1:393 patients. GiViTi Investigators (Gruppo Italiano per la Valutazione degli interventi in Terapia Intensiva). Simplified Acute Physiology Score. Med Care 36:1371\u20131382","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"80_CR13","unstructured":"Rothman KJ, Greenland S (1998) Modern epidemiology, 2nd edn. Lippincott, Philadelphia"},{"key":"80_CR14","unstructured":"Kleinbaum D, Kupper L, Muller K (1988) Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods. PWS-KENT, Boston"},{"key":"80_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2001.01716.x","volume":"56","author":"DL Edbrooke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Edbrooke DL, Ridley SA, Hibbert CL, Corcoran M (2001) Variations in expenditure between adult general intensive care units in the UK. Anaesthesia 56:208\u2013216","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"80_CR16","unstructured":"Drummond M, O'Brien B, Stoddart G, et al (1997) Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York"},{"key":"80_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340000760","volume":"27","author":"M Sznajder","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sznajder M, Aegerter P, Launois R, Merliere Y, Guidet B, CubRea (2001) A\u00a0cost-effectiveness analysis of stays in intensive care units. Intensive Care Med 27:146\u2013153","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.6.2109045","volume":"165","author":"JM Luce","year":"2002","unstructured":"Luce JM, Rubenfeld GD (2002) Can health care costs be reduced by limiting intensive care at the end of life? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 165:750\u2013754","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.1998.00576.x","volume":"53","author":"VG Stevens","year":"1998","unstructured":"Stevens VG, Hibbert CL, Edbrooke DL (1998) Evaluation of proposed casemix criteria as a\u00a0basis for costing patients in the adult general intensive care unit. Anaesthesia 53:944\u2013950","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"80_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050388","volume":"23","author":"DL Edbrooke","year":"1997","unstructured":"Edbrooke DL, Stevens VG, Hibbert CL, Mann AJ, Wilson AJ (1997) A\u00a0new method of accurately identifying costs of individual patients in intensive care: the initial results. Intensive Care Med 23:645\u2013650","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1994.tb03419.x","volume":"49","author":"S Ridley","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ridley S, Biggam M, Stone P (1994) A\u00a0cost-utility analysis of intensive therapy. II: Quality of life in survivors. Anaesthesia 49:192\u2013196","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"80_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199702000-00029","volume":"25","author":"JL Vincent","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vincent JL (1997) Dear SIRS, I'm sorry to say that I don't like you. Crit Care Med 25:372\u2013374","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1429-9","volume":"28","author":"O Moerer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Moerer O, Schmid A, Hofmann M, Herklotz A, Reinhart K, Werdan K, Schneider H, Burchardi H (2002) Direct costs of severe sepsis in three German intensive care units based on retrospective electronic patient record analysis of resource use. Intensive Care Med 28:1440\u20131446","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"80_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra021333","volume":"348","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hotchkiss RS, Karl IE (2003) The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. N Engl J Med 348:138\u2013150","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"80_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1050(200004)9:3<191::AID-HEC510>3.0.CO;2-1","volume":"9","author":"M Raikou","year":"2000","unstructured":"Raikou M, Briggs A, Gray A, McGuire A\u00a0(2000) Centre-specific or average unit costs in multi-centre studies? Some theory and simulation. Health Econ 9:191\u2013198","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"key":"80_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050744","volume":"24","author":"G Conti","year":"1998","unstructured":"Conti G, Dell'Utri D, Pelaia P, Rosa G, Cogliati AA, Gasparetto A\u00a0(1998) Do we know the costs of what we prescribe? A\u00a0study on awareness of the cost of drugs and devices among ICU staff. Intensive Care Med 24:1194\u20131198","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["Intensive Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00134-006-0080-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00134-006-0080-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00134-006-0080-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,24]],"date-time":"2021-07-24T08:31:19Z","timestamp":1627115479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00134-006-0080-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,25]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}},"alternative-id":["80"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-006-0080-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0342-4642","1432-1238"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0342-4642","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1238","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,25]]}}}