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AB is a recipient of the National Health and Medical Research Council Emerging Leader Fellowship (201110). DP is the chairman of the ANZICS Centre for Outcomes and Resources Evaluation Clinical Quality Registry and is the vice-president and board member of ANZICS. All other authors declare no competing interests. KS acknowledges Metro Health. No other conflicts of interest for other authors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"We received approval from the Alfred Hospital Ethics Committee (Reference 369\/23) and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Centre for Outcome and Resource Evaluation Management Committee to issue the data from the ANZICS adult patient database (APD) for this study. Consent to participate was waived in view of the deidentified nature of the data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}