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MF received funding from the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de R\u00e9animation de Langue Fran\u00e7aise and a Fulbright scholarship. JP received funding from the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise d\u2019Anesth\u00e9sie-R\u00e9animation, the Philippe Foundation, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston, MA), and the University Hospital of Montpellier. DS is an associate editor for BMC Anesthesiology. EA is an assistant editor for Anesthesia & Analgesia and an associate editor for BMC Anesthesiology. She received a grant from the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Committee on Professional Diversity, unrelated to this manuscript. LJW is an associate editor for BMC Anesthesiology and received funding for an investigator-initiated study from Merck & Co., not related to this manuscript. He further received a grant from the ASA Committee on Professional Diversity, unrelated to this manuscript. EBK has received lecturing fees from Hamilton Medical Inc. outside the submitted work and has received a KL2 award from Harvard Catalyst; the Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health award No. KL2 TR002542). MSS received funding for investigator-initiated studies from Merck & Co., which do not pertain to this manuscript. He is an associate editor for BMC Anesthesiology. He received honoraria for lectures from Fisher & Paykel Healthcare and Mindray Medical International Limited. He received an unrestricted philanthropic grant from Jeffrey and Judith Buzen. All other authors declare no competing interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The institutional review board at BIDMC approved this study and waived the requirement for informed consent (protocol numbers: 2018P000666 and 2025P000913).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}