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GH is the recipient of a clinical senior researcher fellowship from FWO Vlaanderen (1805126N). MRA receives grant support from the NIH\/NHLBI and serves as site PI on clinical trials by United Therapeutics with payments made to the institution. ADJ reports fees for presentations for Medtronic, Drager, and Fisher-Paykel. EF reports personal fees from Aerogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Getinge, Inspira, Mallinckrodt, Vantive, and Vasomune outside the submitted work. NDF reports grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board of the NIHR Trials UK\u2014SEPTIC & CORRECT. GG received personal fees from Getinge for lectures and Advisory Board participation. SJ received consulting fees from Drager, Medtronic, Mindray, Comen, Baxter, and Fisher & Paykel. He reports being Editor-in-Chief of Intensive Care Medicine Journal and that he did not participate in the review or decision-making process of the current manuscript. PYN has received travel support from TXP Medical Ltd and speaker fees from Take the Wind. TP is a member of the scientific committee of the International ECMO Network (ECMONet). MS reports honoraria from Getinge, Solventum, and Sedana. AC reports honoraria for lectures from Getinge and Vantive. DB has been on the medical advisory boards for Inspira, HBOX Therapies and Vantive. He is the President of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) and the Chair of the Board of the International ECMO Network (ECMONet), and he writes for UpToDate. SJ is the Editor in Chief of Intensive Care Medicine. He has not taken part in the review or selection process of this article. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"For this review article, ethical approval was not required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}