{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:56:47Z","timestamp":1793235407215,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,20]],"date-time":"2003-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1064016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is growing evidence that cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) \u03b1, interleukin (IL) 1\u03b2, IL\u20106, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), and nitric oxide (NO) play an important role in the pathogenesis of bone tunnel enlargement following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Furthermore, the release of these mediators has been considered a possible reason for the higher incidence of bone tunnel enlargement following hamstring tendon (HST) than following patellar tendon (PT) ACL reconstruction observed in several studies. In this investigation synovial fluid samples from 13 patients were collected immediately before (24\u00b17\u00a0days after ACL rupture) and 7\u00a0days after ACL surgery and values of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, NO, and BMP\u20102 were analyzed. Furthermore, the incidence of bone tunnel enlargement was assessed using radiographs 38\u00b17 weeks after surgery. Six patients underwent autologous HST ACL reconstruction, and in seven patients an PT autograft was used. In the overall patient population there were significantly higher synovial fluid concentrations of IL\u20106 and BMP\u20102 postoperatively than preoperatively; TNF\u2010\u03b1 showed a trend towards lower postoperative levels while IL\u20101\u03b2 and NO remained unchanged. The concentrations of NO, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IL\u20106 found in the present study were clearly higher than normal values given in the literature. Assessment of bone tunnel enlargement revealed an average increase in tibial tunnel width of 28.4\u00b13.1% with comparable values for HST and PT ACL reconstructions. There was no significant correlation between bone tunnel enlargement and postoperative synovial fluid concentrations of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, NO, and BMP\u20102. However, all patients with bone tunnel enlargement had higher postoperative concentrations of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106, and NO in the synovial fluid. There were no significant differences in concentrations between HST and PT groups. In conclusion, we observed an association between tibial bone tunnel enlargement and elevated synovial fluid concentrations of IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and NO 7\u00a0days after ACL surgery indicating the potential involvement of these biological mediators in the pathogenesis of bone tunnel enlargement. However, there was no difference between HST and PT ACL reconstructions regarding synovial fluid contents of IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, NO, and BMP\u20102, suggesting a comparable biological response between these autografts following their use in ACL reconstruction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-003-0426-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,18]],"date-time":"2004-03-18T21:45:18Z","timestamp":1079646318000},"page":"98-103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Tunnel enlargement and changes in synovial fluid cytokine profile following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon and hamstring tendon autografts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"S. P.","family":"Zysk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Klinikum Grosshadern Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Marchioninistrasse 15 81377 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Fraunberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Chemistry Klinikum Grosshadern Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Marchioninistrasse 15 81377 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Veihelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Klinikum Grosshadern Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Marchioninistrasse 15 81377 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"D\u00f6rger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Surgical Research Klinikum Grosshadern Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Marchioninistrasse 15 81377 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kalteis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics University of Regensburg Kaiser\u2010Karl V.\u2010Allee 3 93077 Bad Abbach Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Klinikum Grosshadern Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Marchioninistrasse 15 81377 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pellengahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Klinikum Grosshadern Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Marchioninistrasse 15 81377 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. J.","family":"Refior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Klinikum Grosshadern Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Marchioninistrasse 15 81377 Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"319","volume":"9","author":"Al\u2010Saffar","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Long Term Eff Med Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2003.50170"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560050552"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2001.20958"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500605"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050138"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"352","volume":"11","author":"Dyer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200318"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.51.11.1219"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","unstructured":"FinkC HacklC HoserC ZappM BenedettoKP(2000)Bone tunnel widening following ACL reconstruction\u2014a point of concern or curiosity.ACL study group meeting Rhodes Greece"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2001.21509"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(97)90152-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200112000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050056"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","unstructured":"MarksP CameronM(2000)Inflammatory cytokine profiles correlate with the degree of chondrosis in the chronic anterior cruciate ligament deficient knee.Presented at the ACL Study Group Meeting Rhodes Greece"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200207000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ar.1999.v15.015046001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","unstructured":"MorrisH NicklinS HarrisonJ YuY WalshWR(2000)Augmentation of tendon\u2010bone healing with exogenous OP\u20101 in an ovine ACL reconstruction.Presented at the ACL Study Group Meeting Rhodes Greece"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(98)70015-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","first-page":"55","volume":"52","author":"Novaes","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01565989"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670100201"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jars.2000.4635"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003930050163"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2001.01261.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(95)90009-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670100191"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164700317393385"}],"container-title":["Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00167-003-0426-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00167-003-0426-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00167-003-0426-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T14:28:19Z","timestamp":1760884099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/esskajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00167-003-0426-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,20]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s00167-003-0426-z"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-003-0426-z","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-2056","1433-7347"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-2056","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-7347","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,20]]}}}