{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:59:18Z","timestamp":1792468758854,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,12]],"date-time":"2011-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1302566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009026","name":"Smith and Nephew","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000341","name":"Arthritis Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often involve the patellofemoral joint, and problems with patellar maltracking or lateral instability have sometimes been addressed by external rotation of the femoral component. This work sought to measure the changes of knee kinematics caused by TKA and then to optimise the restoration of both the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joint kinematics, by variation of femoral component internal\u2013external rotation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The kinematics of the patella and tibia were measured in eight cadaveric knees during active extension motion. This was repeated with the knee intact, with a Genesis II TKA in the standard position (3\u00b0 of external rotation) and with the femoral component at \u00b15\u00b0 rotation from there.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both patellar and tibial motions were significantly different from normal with the standard TKA rotation, with 3\u00b0 tibial abduction at 90\u00b0 flexion and reversal of the screw\u2010home from 5\u00b0 external rotation to 6\u00b0 internal rotation. The patella was shifted medially 6\u00a0mm in flexion and tilted 7\u00b0 more laterally near extension. Femoral rotation to address one abnormality caused increased abnormality in other degrees of freedom. Internal and then external rotation of 5\u00b0 caused tibial abduction and then adduction of 5\u00b0 at 90\u00b0 flexion. These femoral rotations also caused increased patellar lateral tilt of 4\u00b0 with femoral external rotation and decreased tilt by 4\u00b0 with internal rotation. Thus, correction of tibial abduction in flexion, by external rotation of the femoral component, worsened the patellar lateral tilt near extension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>It was concluded that femoral rotation alone could not restore all aspects of both patellar and tibial kinematics to normal with this specific implant. The clinical relevance of this is that it appears to be inadvisable to reposition the femoral component, in an attempt to improve patellar tracking, if that repositioning may then cause abnormal tibiofemoral kinematics. Further, the pattern of patellar tracking, with the type of TKA used in this study, could not be adjusted to normal by femoral component rotation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1499-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,12]],"date-time":"2011-04-12T00:56:02Z","timestamp":1302569762000},"page":"1479-1487","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["The effect of femoral component rotation on the kinematics of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints after total knee arthroplasty"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"A. M.","family":"Merican","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>4<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Imperial College London South Kensington Campus SW7 2AZ London UK"},{"name":"<!--<label>2<\/label>--> Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Malaya Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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