{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:18:57Z","timestamp":1785799137112,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,18]],"date-time":"2011-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knee surg. sports traumatol. arthrosc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the femoral part of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) and its injury can be accurately assessed by standard knee arthroscopy in first\u2010time patellar dislocations or whether preoperative MRI is required to determine injury location in patients where primary MPFL repair is attempted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve patients with acute first\u2010time dislocations and MRI\u2010based injury of the femoral MPFL and ten patients with recurrent patellar dislocations underwent knee arthroscopy with the use of a 30\u2010degree optic and standard antero\u2010medial and antero\u2010lateral portals. The femoral origin was marked with a cannula under lateral fluoroscopy. Arthroscopic findings of the location of the native femoral MPFL and its injury were compared to the results of MRI and mini\u2010open exploration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In acute cases, the average time from primary patellar dislocation to MRI evaluation was 3\u00a0days (1\u20139\u00a0days), and the average time from MRI to surgery was 8\u00a0days (3\u201320\u00a0days). The native femoral origin of the MPFL was not visible in any of the chronic cases during arthroscopy. In addition, in all acute cases, arthroscopy failed to directly visualize injury of the femoral MPFL (0 of 12), but mini\u2010open exploration confirmed injury in 11 of 12 patients. This means that arthroscopy was less accurate than MRI for the diagnosis of femoral MPFL injury (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this study indicate the limitations of knee arthroscopy in identifying the femoral disruption of the MPFL, a crucial injury that occurs in patellar dislocations. Thus, if a primary MPFL repair is planned, determination of the site of repair should be based on the preoperative MRI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnostic study of non\u2010consecutive patients, Level III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1775-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]],"date-time":"2011-11-17T07:59:38Z","timestamp":1321516778000},"page":"1575-1580","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["MRI but not arthroscopy accurately diagnoses femoral MPFL injury in first\u2010time patellar dislocations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Balcarek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Trauma Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Medicine Robert\u2010Koch\u2010Str. 40 37075 G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim Alexander","family":"Walde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Trauma Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Medicine Robert\u2010Koch\u2010Str. 40 37075 G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Frosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Trauma Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Medicine Robert\u2010Koch\u2010Str. 40 37075 G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Philipp","family":"Sch\u00fcttrumpf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Trauma Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Medicine Robert\u2010Koch\u2010Str. 40 37075 G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin Michael","family":"Wachowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Trauma Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Medicine Robert\u2010Koch\u2010Str. 40 37075 G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus Michael","family":"St\u00fcrmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--<label>1<\/label>--> Department of Trauma Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Medicine Robert\u2010Koch\u2010Str. 40 37075 G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280060701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2010.06.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01552649"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260012701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2253011578"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086\u2010199804000\u201000021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167\u2010010\u20101315\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968\u20100160(02)00002\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400110"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728\u2010200111000\u201000021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546506296415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510381362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509333010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e31802eb40a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197961010-00011"}],"container-title":["Knee 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